Handbook for Evaluating Emissions and Costs of APUs and Alternative Systems (2012) / Chapter Skim
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1 C h a p t e r 1 Amid growing concerns regarding airport-related emissions, and in light of rising fuel costs, airport operators and airlines have been investigating various options for reducing aircraftrelated emissions and fuel consumption. Aircraft are one of the primary sources of emissions at airports, and thus, there is widespread interest in identifying methods to reduce aircraftrelated emissions.
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2 handbook for evaluating emissions and Costs of apUs and alternative Systems cold-temperature airports, pilots will often operate APUs for extended periods to prevent water onboard the aircraft from freezing. In order to reduce aircraft APU usage, and hence emissions of both criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases, some form of ground-based power must be available.
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Introduction and Background 3 1.2 APUs and Types of Alternative Ground Infrastructure Systems When evaluating different ground-based power and PCA systems, the following types of information are needed: • The temperatures at which heated or cooled air is needed (i.e., ambient temperatures) ; • Aircraft types that would be using the ground-based power and PCA systems; and • The characteristics and conditions of the electrical and HVAC systems at the airport.
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4 handbook for evaluating emissions and Costs of apUs and alternative Systems • PCA (heated or cooled air) : – Portable diesel-powered systems; – POU systems that are mounted either on the loading bridge or on the ground; and – Central systems.
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Introduction and Background 5 (i.e., diesel emissions)
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6 handbook for evaluating emissions and Costs of apUs and alternative Systems Central systems use a main, centralized set of chiller and boiler units to provide pre-conditioned air to air handling units (AHUs) located at each gate.
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Introduction and Background 7 Note: The photo on the upper-left shows a bridge-mounted gate box. The photo on the upper-right shows a bridge-mounted AHU.
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8 handbook for evaluating emissions and Costs of apUs and alternative Systems design processes. Similarly, the information contained in this Handbook regarding emissions associated with APUs and alternative systems should not be used for regulatory compliance purposes or in support of federal or state environmental impact documentation.
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Introduction and Background 9 TEECAAS strictly focuses on calculations, the Handbook provides both primer-level information as well as detailed discussions of issues and methods. Therefore, the Handbook can potentially be used by airport management personnel wishing to gain a better understanding of the issues involved with alternative systems and by technical personnel to conduct quantitative assessments.
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