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From page 1...
... Although exploratory borings and engineering studies during design are an integral part of foundation engineering, the axial resistance of a driven pile foundation is ultimately determined by the criteria used to decide when to stop driving the pile during construction. The use of test piles for the purpose of developing the pile installation criteria can be instrumental in building driven pile foundations that are reliable and cost-effective.
From page 2...
... benefits on a project-specific basis, and this evaluation includes the consideration of the increased values of the resistance factor for design that is provided in the AASHTO code. There is a greater tendency to use test piles: – In coastal states; – In projects with larger piles, longer piles, or a greater numbers of piles; – Where piles derive a majority of axial resistance through side resistance; – Where ground conditions are more variable; – Where concrete or large pipe piles are used, as opposed to steel H- or smaller diameter (18 in.

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