Evaluation of Bridge Scour Research: Pier Scour Processes and Predictions (2011) / Chapter Skim
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9 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Scour of foundation material at bridge piers is a long-standing design concern for bridge crossings of waterways. This report evaluates the current state of knowledge regarding bridge-pier scour, assesses the leading current methods to provide reliable design estimates of scour depth, and proceeds to recommend a structured approach to scourdepth estimation for design purposes.
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10 procedures in the bridge scour areas. The evaluation also identifies research and education needs regarding pier scour.
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11 1.3 Objectives The evaluation's principal objectives are as follow: 1. Complete a detailed literature review of pier-scour processes and prediction, concentrating especially on research conducted or published after 1990.
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12 2. The flow field, and the potential maximum scour depth, at a pier scale change in accordance with three variables – effective pier width, flow depth, and erodibility of the foundation material in which the pier is sited.
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13 Figure 1-2 could be considered in isolation from the complicating considerations of abutment proximity and channel alignment, but the local flow fields at other piers are to varying extents affected by flow around the abutments and over the channel's floodplain. For the shorter bridge shown in the latter figure, the two piers cannot be considered in isolation, and are markedly affected by flow around the abutment and over the floodplain, and likely by variable erodibility of foundation material.
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14 about 0.1mm, inter-particle cohesion becomes increasingly pronounced. These changes affect scour at a pier.
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15 The nomenclature used in HEC-18 (Richardson and Davis 2001) is used herein, as a substantial audience for the report will be engineers already familiar with this nomenclature.
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16 1. NCHRP Project 24-14, Scour at Contracted Bridge Sites; 2.
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18 Figure 1-3 A sketch showing the foundations of a "short," three-span bridge. Depending on the water level and scour around the foundation, the flow fields in the vicinity of the pier may be significantly different
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