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... 1Executive Summary Utility Issues in Transportation Projects Many of the extensive utility designating and locating procedures that are carried out during excavation for construction projects are intended to ensure public safety and prevent utility damage. It is also important, however, to fully identify the location and condition of all utilities early in the project planning and design process -- preferably prior to excavation -- to allow transportation projects to go forward with minimal delays and cost overruns.
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... 2involving global positioning systems (GPS) and three-dimensional (3-D)
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... 3Rank (Score) Topic, Description, and Benefits 1.

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