High-Stakes Aviation U.S.-Japan Technology Linkages in Transport Aircraft (1994) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: The Importance of the U.S. Aircraft Industry
Appendix A: The Importance of the U.S. Aircraft Industry
Pages 95-102
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From page 95... ...
industries in total sales.2 In 1992, U.S. aircraft sales were $72.8 billion, and the combined trade surplus for civil transports, engines, and parts was $23.7 billions Table A-1 contains a iSee National Research Council Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board, Aeronautical Technologiesfor the 21st Century, (Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1992)
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From page 96... ...
Government Printing Office, 1991) ; and National Science Board, The Competitive Strength of U.S.
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From page 97... ...
Technology developed for commercial transports is often utilized in military programs; the production of commercial aircraft reduces military aircraft costs in companies that manufacture both; and commercial aircraft production helps to maintain the supplier and the work skill base in times of weak military demands Finally, the excellence of Amer~can-made aircraft has long played a major role in improving the safety and efficiency of the nation's air transportation system. The aircraft industry like many others is regionally concentrated, so that its economic importance is felt unevenly throughout the country.6 In These technologies include "system integration in the design and manufacture of complex, highperformance equipment; project management to meet demanding targets for performance, cost, and delivery; sophisticated manufacturing techniques for fabrication, testing, and assembly; and computer integrated manufacture, factory automation, and large-scale integrated information processing" as well as "the more obvious ones that affect aircraft performance-aerodynamics, propulsion, advanced structures, and avionics and control .
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From page 98... ...
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From page 99... ...
Global competition is intensifying most notably in the large transport airframe market, where the Airbus Industry consortium has leveraged significant support from four European governments to gain a large share of the markets Also, as a result of declining defense budgets in the United States and elsewhere, fewer resources are available from military programs for R&D, training, and other investments- investments that have traditionally provided an indirect support to commercial product development. Further, the synergy between commercial and defense R&D has declined in recent years as military aircraft design increasingly emphasizes features such as stealth, high maneuverability, and short field landing capability.
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From page 100... ...
Table A-6 shows that much of this growth is likely to occur in Asia. Further, in contrast to declining spillover benefits from defense to commercial markets, the importance of commercial transport manufacturing for maintenance of the defense industrial and technology base is likely to grow, both because fewer companies will be able to maintain extensive R&D operations on the basis of military work alone, and because increasing pressure for cost performance on the military side will require the incorporation of greater commercial discipline.
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From page 102... ...
! 1972-1981 1982-1992 1993-2000 2001-2010 United States 35 38 39 31 Europe 26 28 25 25 Asia-Pacific 20 24 27 33 Africa-Middle East 10 6 5 5 Latin America 5 2 3 4 Canada 3 2 2 2 Total market 14.8 26.1 40.9 48.7 (billion 1993 dollars)
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