Airport Safety Risk Management Panel Activities and Outcomes (2016) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 36-44
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From page 36... ...
37 As described in earlier sections, several techniques and approaches have been used by airports to conduct SRAs successfully. Current practice by Part 139 airports is to have a multidisciplinary panel of stakeholders when evaluating complex safety issues affecting airside stakeholders.
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38 FIGURE 16 (a) Hazard identification with one function present (e.g., engineering)
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39 COMMON HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES Based on ACRP Report 131 (2015) , the most common hazard identification techniques used by airports are: • Brainstorming, • Checklists, • Safety performance indicators (SPI)
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40 Brainstorming "Brainstorming is an unbounded but facilitated discussion within a group of experts and stakeholders where the facilitator encourages imaginative thinking" (ECAST 2009)
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41 Disadvantages: • Less effective when applying to novel systems • Can inhibit creative thinking • Would miss hazards that were not included in the list • There may be critical gaps when checklists are used by unexperienced people. Formulation of airfield improvements and construction projects are the most common airport activities requiring an SRA when it has any impact on the airside.
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42 Structured What-if (SWIFT) This hazard identification technique was adapted from the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP)
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43 The bow-tie diagram in Figure 17 presents the hazard (e.g., airfield construction) , the undesirable event (e.g., runway incursion)
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44 The most important advantage of the bow-tie model is that preventive and risk mitigation measures are linked to actions, procedures, and assigned individuals or organizations, thus linking these risk controls with the safety assurance component of SMS. Risk controls, hazards and consequences can be classified according to a variety of categories that can be represented in the bow-tie diagram.
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FIGURE 21 Part of a bow-tie diagram (Source: UK CAA website, Significant Seven Bowtie Templates 2015)
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