Advancing Concepts and Models for Measuring Innovation Proceedings of a Workshop (2017) / Chapter Skim
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5 Measuring Public-Sector Innovation and Social Progress
5 Measuring Public-Sector Innovation and Social Progress
Pages 61-72
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From page 61... ...
Innovation that advances the public good or takes place in ways that accrue outside the market is another. Both topics have featured in discussions about revision of the Oslo Manual and in planning for the next Blue Sky Conference convened by the OECD.
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From page 62... ...
Currently, there is no equivalent to the Oslo Manual or the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) for measuring innovation in the public sector, although both provide models for guidelines and measurement.
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From page 63... ...
The Science, Technology, and Industry e-Outlook provides a definition of public-sector innovation that is not too far removed from the Oslo Manual: "the implementation by a public-sector organisation of new or significantly improved operations or products." The OECD Blue Sky Forum, which takes place every 10 years, governs OECD thinking about measurement programs for the next decade. The revision of the Oslo Manual could address broader definitions of innovation that would be a first step toward providing guidance on the measurement and interpretation of innovation in the public sector and the household sector.
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From page 64... ...
innovationrelated public procurement. Edquist defined innovation policy as encompassing all actions by public organizations that influence innovation processes.
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From page 65... ...
Given this methodological problem, Edquist and ZabalaIturriagagoitia (2015) have worked on an alternative approach based on four input indicators and eight output indicators, using only IUS data.
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From page 66... ...
Edquist turned next to innovation policy, which he argued is far behind innovation research. The failure of the interaction between research and policy suggests the need for "a holistic innovation policy," defined as a policy that integrates all public actions that influence or may influence innovation processes in a coordinated manner.
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From page 67... ...
The CDC also estimates that one in six Americans is sickened by foodborne disease each year. She said this is a serious social problem that warrants investment in new knowledge and innovation on a regular basis, and the CDC identifies food safety as a "winnable battle" in the public health sector.8 Husbands Fealing noted that investment in research solves, or begins to solve, social and health problems, but few agreed-upon measures exist for assessing the value of this work.
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From page 68... ...
• What is the best method for funding research leading to the most significant breakthroughs? She said answering these research questions requires a coordinated data structure (as illustrated in Figure 5-1, which shows the emerging UMETRICS database linkages discussed earlier by Stephan)
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From page 69... ...
HOUSEHOLD-SECTOR INNOVATION Continuing with the theme of nonmarket production, Eric von Hippel (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) discussed household-sector innovation and made the case for why it should be measured.
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From page 70... ...
It was developed in the household sector using the Ushahidi open-source software to post information about friends' and relatives' whereabouts.10 In the medical sector, two people developed an artificial pancreas ahead of medical producers and diffused their design for free through the Nightscout Foundation. (This work involved creating predictive software that provides real-time recommendations for insulin and embedding the software in a closed-loop device to deliver the recommended doses.)
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From page 71... ...
The distortions created by not measuring free innovation, von Hippel argued, carry policy implications. In order to correct for this weakness in the innovation measurement system, von Hippel proposed that social surveys are needed to supplement business surveys such as the CIS.
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From page 72... ...
If a new financial product based on subprime mortgages has been produced and put on the market, for example, innovation measures should capture this. That the product is then diffused and goes on to harm the economy is exposed only after the fact through normative assessment.
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