From Maps to Models Augmenting the Nation's Geospatial Intelligence Capabilities (2016) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A Combining Models
Appendix A Combining Models
Pages 105-112
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From page 105... ...
For example, multimodeling can be facilitated by the use of simulation testbeds, workflow systems, and infrastructure that supports linking models together. However, existing tools presume a common level of temporal and spatial resolution for all models, which is generally not the case, and the tools do not consider group resolution level, which is important in social system and geonetwork models.
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From page 106... ...
Model alignment helps the user understand the tradeoffs and risks in using one model over another and brings to light the limitations in each of the docked models. Disadvantages of docking are that the procedure requires participation by model developers or great documentation of the models, provides no theory development, and does not support reuse.
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From page 107... ...
The key disadvantages are that making models interoperable often requires some code development and some theory development. For models composed out of parts, interoperation is easier if the models are in the same framework; at the same geographic, temporal, and group level of fidelity; and from the same theoretic tradition.
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From page 108... ...
Typically, developing subsystem models with the intent of coupling ensures that common variables, units, spatial resolution, and temporal resolution are used and that the outputs produced by one subsystem are directly usable by another subsystem. Subsystem models that are developed independently and later coupled often require the development of methods for translating information from one subsystem to another or a lengthy redevelopment of one or more components.
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From page 109... ...
For example, two city-level models of Morocco are highly aligned, whereas one model at the block level and one at the state level, or one generic and one of Saudi Arabia, are highly unaligned. At the temporal level, the issue is whether the models cover the same time span, at the same level of granularity.
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From page 110... ...
Extensibility To help analysts answer a changing set of questions, modeling "toolkits need to be easily extensible so that already integrated tools can be refined and new measures and techniques can be added. Building toolkits as modular suites of independent packages enables more distributed software development and allows independent developers to create their own tools and connect them to a growing federation of toolkits.
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From page 111... ...
-type databases include tools for searching, selecting, and refining data. Because there is no common database structure in the intelligence domain, tools are needed to combine data from different data sets and to convert between interchange languages.
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