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From page 17... ... 17 C H A P T E R 3 The PMDb framework provides the ability to store a historical record of pavement sections, pavement-maintenance treatments, and their subsequent performances. The framework provides a means for establishing a record of actions that includes uniform descriptions of maintenance activities, basis of measurements, costs, pavement conditions, and other relevant data for use in cost-benefit analysis; evaluating the effects of maintenance on pavement performance; selecting the maintenance actions needed, or making other related decisions. Read the entire page →
From page 18... ... 18 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System • Condition. This category encapsulates the data terms and elements that describe how the pavement-maintenance treatment is performing over time or the outcome of the pavementmaintenance activity. Read the entire page →
From page 19... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 19 provide guidance on acceptable values. Finally, where appropriate, a common list of value types is enumerated to ensure consistency in data over time. Read the entire page →
From page 20... ... 20 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System • Pavement Surface. Pavement surface data elements are used to describe the existing pavement surface on which the maintenance treatment was performed. Read the entire page →
From page 21... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 21 Table 13. Pavement inventory: pavement structure data elements. Read the entire page →
From page 22... ... 22 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Asphalt-Surface Pavement Treatment Data Elements This section shows the data elements that are available in the PMDb framework for each asphalt-surface pavement treatment activity. These data elements are treatment specific and define characteristics specific to the maintenance treatment activity that may be further used to differentiate effectiveness. Read the entire page →
From page 23... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 23 Table 17. Chip seal data elements. Read the entire page →
From page 24... ... 24 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Table 18. Cold-in-place recycling data elements. Read the entire page →
From page 25... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 25 Table 20. Crack sealing data elements. Read the entire page →
From page 26... ... 26 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Data Element Description Required? Valid Range Default Values Type Classification of type of slurry Yes n/a II III Binder Type of emulsion used in slurry Yes n/a SS-1 SS-1h CSS-1 CSS-1h CQS-1h Quick-Set mixing Grade Application rate Average rate of material application in pounds per square yard Yes n/a n/a Application Type of placement Yes n/a Single Double Rut fill only Wedge Purpose Reason for placing treatment No n/a Seal surface Fill ruts Seal wide cracks Other Modification Additives to microsurfacing beyond binder, aggregate, and cement No n/a Fiber Other Cost Cost to apply treatment per square yard No > 0 n/a Table 23. Read the entire page →
From page 27... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 27 Data Element Description Required? Valid Range Default Values Drain type Type of edge drain used Yes n/a Pipe edge drain Prefabricated geocomposite edge drain (PGED) Read the entire page →
From page 28... ... 28 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Data Element Description Required? Valid Range Default Values Binder type PG binder of asphalt used Yes n/a PG 64-28 PG 64-22 PG 76-22 PG 70-22 PG 70-10 Aggregate type Source of stone No n/a Limestone Granite Shale Sandstone Basalt Manufactured Slag Recycled Aggregate top size Size of largest aggregate in gradation No n/a ½ in. Read the entire page →
From page 29... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 29 Data Element Description Required? Valid Range Default Values Stitching material Material used in cross stitching process Yes n/a Rebar Stitch length Length of stitch in feet Yes > 0 n/a Stitch diameter Diameter of stitch in inches No > 0 n/a Stitch spacing Spacing of stitches in inches Yes 1–36 n/a Grout type Type of material grouted into drilled holes Yes n/a Epoxy Cement Cost Cost to apply treatment per linear foot No > 0 n/a Table 31. Read the entire page →
From page 30... ... 30 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Table 33. Diamond grooving data elements. Read the entire page →
From page 31... ... Table 35. Joint resealing data elements. Read the entire page →
From page 32... ... 32 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Data Element Description Required? Valid Range Default Values Void detection method Technique used to locate areas of void beneath the slab Yes n/a Coring FWD Visual observation Epoxy injection Other Stabilization material Type of material selected for the slab stabilization process Yes n/a Cementitious material Bituminous material Expandable polyurethane foam Cost Cost to apply treatment per joint placed No > 0 n/a Table 38. Read the entire page →
From page 33... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 33 Composite Pavement Treatment Data Elements Composite pavements are pavement structures consisting of a combination of asphalt and concrete layers; most commonly asphalt overlays of concrete pavements (concrete overlays of asphalt pavements are discussed in the previous section on concrete pavements) Read the entire page →
From page 34... ... 34 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Data Element Description Valid Range Friction number Pavement-tire friction ≥ 0 Skid number Pavement-tire skid resistance ≥ 0 Mean texture depth Pavement surface texture properties (macrotexture) , in inches ≥ 0 Table 43. Read the entire page →
From page 35... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 35 Table 44. (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 36... ... 36 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Distress Definition Corner break Crack in jointed PCC pavement that intersects the joints at a distance less than or equal to one-half the slab length on both sides, measured from the corner of the slab (ASTM D6433) Corner spalling Breakdown of concrete slab within approximately 1.5 ft (0.5 m) Read the entire page →
From page 37... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 37 Distress Type Data Element Description Alligator cracking Low severity, sq. Read the entire page →
From page 38... ... 38 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Reflection cracking Low severity, linear ft. One of the following conditions exists: nonfilled crack of width is less than 3⁄8 in. Read the entire page →
From page 39... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 39 Rutting Low severity, mean rut depth, in. Read the entire page →
From page 40... ... 40 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Alkali silica reaction Low severity Minimal to no spalling from cracks, joints, or popouts; cracks at surface are tight Distress Type Data Element Description Medium severity Some spalling of cracks, greater density of cracking, or cracks are greater than 0.05 in. Read the entire page →
From page 41... ... Pavement-Maintenance Database System 41 Medium severity, by project Joint sealant is in generally fair condition throughout section with only a few of the joints having any of the following conditions: joint sealer is in place but water access is possible through visible openings no more than 1⁄8 in. Read the entire page →
From page 42... ... 42 Framework for a Pavement-Maintenance Database System Scaling, map cracking, and crazing Low severity, per slab Crazing or map cracking exists over most of the slab area; the surface is in good condition, with only minor scaling present Medium severity, per slab Slab is scaled but less than 15% is affected High severity, per slab Slab is scaled over more than 15% of its area Shrinkage cracks Shrinkage cracks, per slab Indicate if shrinkage cracks are present Spalling, corner Low severity, per slab Less than 1 in. deep, and up to 12 in. Read the entire page →

From page 17...

... 17 C H A P T E R 3 The PMDb framework provides the ability to store a historical record of pavement sections, pavement-maintenance treatments, and their subsequent performances. The framework provides a means for establishing a record of actions that includes uniform descriptions of maintenance activities, basis of measurements, costs, pavement conditions, and other relevant data for use in cost-benefit analysis; evaluating the effects of maintenance on pavement performance; selecting the maintenance actions needed, or making other related decisions.