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From page 159...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 159 12 APPENDIX E: SITE PHOTO LOGS This appendix shows photo logs of all sites studied during this research. The appendix is organized by site.
From page 160...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 160 12.1 Tucson, AZ Photo Log 12.1.1 Southwest Corner of Grant Road and Oracle Road Figure 12-1: Drivers' view a) Stop for pedestrians in crosswalk sign (not MUTCD standard, designed and used in Tucson)
From page 161...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 161 Figure 12-2: Pedestrian's view Sidewalk landscaping ends before crosswalk area, when sidewalk is basically aligned with Grant Road traffic. Person who is blind who doesn't realize it's a CTL may cross from that point when contacting curb rather than continuing around corner to the crosswalk.
From page 162...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 162 Figure 12-4: Approach from south on sidewalk along Oracle (downstream street)
From page 163...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 163 Figure 12-6: Crosswalk view from the back of the ramp Detectable warning surface is wider at island than at curb, very low curb on each side of DW on curb side within crosswalk. Figure 12-7: Pedestrian path on island Pedestrian path is paved, with gravel landscaping of the rest of the island.
From page 164...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 164 Figure 12-8: Returned curb on edge of ramp Returned curb on edge of ramp at crosswalk may provide an alignment cue for pedestrians who are blind if aligned with crosswalk direction. Obviously not helpful for that if not aligned with direction of crosswalk.
From page 165...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 165 12.1.2 NE Corner of Grant Road and Oracle Road Figure 12-10: Driver view of approach a) Controller boxes in landscape strip may block driver's view of approaching pedestrian.
From page 166...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 166 Figure 12-12: Pedestrian view of approach to crossing, along Grant a) Landscaping along street side except at crosswalk can provide some guidance to crosswalk and provides separation from street, easier and more comfortable to trail with a cane than trailing the curb line.
From page 167...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 167 Figure 12-14: Lighting on the sidewalk a) Lighting was provided over sidewalk, but no extra lighting at the crosswalk [we didn't look at it at night]
From page 168...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 168 Figure 12-16: Wide perpendicular ramp from curb to island a) Landscaping on each side of ramp, but outside the marked crosswalk.
From page 169...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 169 Figure 12-18: Island pedestrian paths Very similar to island on SW corner (see descriptions at Figure 12-7, Figure 12-8 & Figure 12-9)
From page 170...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 170 12.1.3 Speedway Boulevard & Wilmot Road Figure 12-19: Approach to channelized turn lane driver and pedestrian view a) Deceleration lane b)
From page 171...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 171 Figure 12-20: Crossing view from upstream (on left) and downstream (on right)
From page 172...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 172 Figure 12-21: View of crosswalk a) Paved area at ramp, including the ramp flare, is wider than the crosswalk.
From page 173...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 173 Figure 12-23: Pushbuttons on island a) Pushbuttons are in line with each crosswalk but located more than 10 back from the edge of the street.
From page 174...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 174 Figure 12-25: Reflectors on island Signs on the island have sharp protruding edges, hazardous for pedestrians who are blind.
From page 175...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 175 12.1.4 E Tanque Verde Road and Sabino Canyon Road Figure 12-26: Approach view of CTL, sidewalk and crosswalk a)
From page 176...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 176 Figure 12-28: Combo curb ramp a) Curb ramp is combo parallel type, sidewalk slopes down approximately 3 inches, and a section of ramp is perpendicular to the street.
From page 177...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 177 Figure 12-30: Pushbutton location a) Pushbutton is on side furthest from the center of the intersection for Sabino Canyon crossing (as per MUTCD guidance)
From page 178...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 178 Figure 12-31: Vehicular downstream lane merge a) There's a lane that could be used as acceleration lane, but is really decel lane for shopping center entrance.
From page 179...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 179 12.2 Boulder, CO Photo Log 12.2.1 Southwest Corner of Baseline Road and Foothills Parkway Figure 12-32: Drivers' view on approach (SW corner)
From page 180...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 180 Figure 12-33: Shared use path joins sidewalk a) Path from right, sign: MULTIUSE PATH USE CROSSWALK THROUGH INTERSECTION.
From page 181...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 181 Figure 12-35: Closer view of crosswalk a) Ramp and curb line not aligned with crosswalk b)
From page 182...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 182 Figure 12-37: Sound strips in deceleration lane Six strips installed across lane, spaced 30 feet apart (Road Quake temporary rumble strips)
From page 183...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 183 Figure 12-39: Aligning to cross Baseline Road from island a) Ramp sloped toward center of intersection.
From page 184...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 184 12.2.2 Northeast Corner of Foothills Parkway and Baseline Road Figure 12-42: Drivers' view on approach (NE corner)
From page 185...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 185 Figure 12-44: View of crosswalk and island a) Pavement marking worn and almost non-existent from curb to island.
From page 186...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 186 Figure 12-46: Pushbutton to cross Foothills Parkway (road to right in photo)
From page 187...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 187 Figure 12-48: Aligning to cross Baseline Road a) Ramp, detectable warnings and curb line angled toward center of intersection; may direct someone toward traffic lanes.
From page 188...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 188 12.2.3 Southwest Corner of Foothills Parkway and Arapahoe Ave Figure 12-49: Driver's approach to CTL along Arapahoe a) Wide deceleration lane.
From page 189...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 189 Figure 12-51: Pedestrian view from downstream sidewalk a) Wide sidewalk at back of curb.
From page 190...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 190 Figure 12-53: View of crosswalk across Foothills Parkway a) Ramp with returned curbs on side.
From page 191...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 191 12.2.4 28th and Pearl, Northeast Corner CTL Figure 12-55: Drivers view on approach to 28th Street on Pearl a) Right turn decel lane.
From page 192...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 192 Figure 12-56: Driver's view of crosswalk (NE Corner 28th and Pearl)
From page 193...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 193 Figure 12-58: Pedestrian approach from downstream street a) Wide sidewalk with landscaping between street and sidewalk that ends before crosswalk.
From page 194...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 194 Figure 12-60: View of downstream merge area a) Pavement markings in shade, BIKE BUS ONLY.
From page 195...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 195 Figure 12-62: Crosswalk across 28th Street from island a) Crosswalk slope, detectable warning and gutter aim to right of crosswalk direction toward median.
From page 196...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 196 Figure 12-64: View of island surface a) Slight color difference of area outside walking path.
From page 197...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 197 12.2.5 28th and Pearl, Northwest Corner CTL Figure 12-65: Driver's view on approach, northwest corner a) Decel lane.
From page 198...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 198 Figure 12-67: Pedestrian approach to crosswalk a) Wide sidewalk.
From page 199...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 199 Figure 12-69: View across crosswalk and island a) Wide crosswalk.
From page 200...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 200 Figure 12-70: Crosswalk across Pearl Street on west side a) Pushbuttons beside curb ramp (no level landing)
From page 201...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 201 12.2.6 28th Street and Canyon Boulevard Figure 12-72: Driver's view of approach to crosswalk a) Deceleration lane.
From page 202...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 202 Figure 12-74: Pedestrian approach to crosswalk along Pearl a) Wide sidewalk.
From page 203...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 203 Figure 12-76: View of crosswalk from downstream end of CTL a) Wide sidewalk at back of curb.
From page 204...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 204 Figure 12-78: Crosswalk across 28th Street a) Island all paved.
From page 205...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 205 12.3 Hilliard, OH Photo Log Figure 12-80: Approach from south (looking north) There is another roundabout just south along Main Street.
From page 206...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 206 Figure 12-82: View of roundabout from south median, at north pedestrian crosswalk for Scioto Darby Road roundabout Lane control pavement markings and sign are shown here. Figure 12-83: Driveways close to roundabout On all approaches, there were driveways quite close to the roundabout, just beyond the pedestrian crosswalk.
From page 207...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 207 Figure 12-84: TO BOTH LANES IN ROUNDABOUT plaque added below YIELD sign on all approaches. Figure 12-85: Red reflective sheeting was added on posts of some YIELD signs.
From page 208...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 208 Figure 12-86: Rough "cobblestone" surface used to separate sidewalk and roadway Dark cobblestones were used to separate the sidewalk from the roadway, beginning before each pedestrian crosswalk and continuing around the curve of the roundabout to the next crosswalk. As seen in photo, sidewalk and curb ramp were concrete and/or asphalt (some sidewalk areas)
From page 209...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 209 Figure 12-88: Yield signs and markings at crosswalk a) Crosswalks were marked with continental style markings.
From page 210...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 210 Figure 12-90: Lane drop just past roundabout There was a lane drop on east, and north exits of the roundabout.
From page 211...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 211 Figure 12-92: Zig-zag cut-through of island Island cut-through with zig-zag to guide to offset exit and entry crosswalks; detectable warnings at edge of streets, cut- through curbs aligned with direction of crosswalk; cut-through area is smooth concrete; rest of island is the dark cobblestone pavers; small solar-powered lights on splitter near crosswalk cut-through. Figure 12-93: Island cut-through edge is aligned with crosswalk (photo at north crosswalk)
From page 212...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 212 Figure 12-94: Ramp is generally aligned with crosswalk (east crosswalk)
From page 213...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 213 Figure 12-96: View of roundabout when approaching from east Roundabout sign, GMI signs, overhead flashers, pavement markings, etc. Figure 12-97: Signs on east approach Figure 12-98: Pavement markings within roundabout, and directional signs on splitter island
From page 214...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 214 Figure 12-99: Flashers and markings in advance of crosswalk. School flashers and extensive pavement marking, as well as signs (east and north approach)
From page 215...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 215 Figure 12-101: North crosswalk exit lane crossing North crosswalk also has pedestrian flashers, school crossing sign, and a lane drop shortly beyond the crosswalk (no LANE ENDS sign here)
From page 216...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 216 Figure 12-103: Sidewalk dip near crosswalk was confusing to some blind participants The sidewalk sloped down and back up relatively steeply, just north of the crosswalk (north crosswalk, west end) , which some blind participants mistook for a ramp to the crossing.
From page 217...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 217 Figure 12-105: Roundabout sign on north and west approaches a) Road widens to two lanes on approach, just past the school crosswalk north of the roundabout.
From page 218...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 218 Figure 12-107: Narrower island on west approach Figure 12-108: Children crossing
From page 219...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 219 12.4 Oakland County, MI Photo Log Figure 12-109: South leg, directional sign on approach Figure 12-110: Driver's view on approach a) Yield ahead sig.n b)
From page 220...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 220 Figure 12-111: Driver's view - closer to crosswalk.
From page 221...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 221 Figure 12-113: Pedestrian view of approach a) Grass landscaping on both sides of sidewalk/path at all locations around roundabout except at crosswalks.
From page 222...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 222 Figure 12-115: Different ramp configurations Photo on left: south crosswalk, entry lanes: a) Perpendicular ramp outside of sidewalk area.
From page 223...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 223 Figure 12-117: Pedestrian view of crosswalk: south crosswalk a) Detectable warning at edge of street.
From page 224...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 224 Figure 12-118: RRFB mounted too low RRFBs were mounted so the lower edge of the arrow sign was at head height for a 6-foot-tall person. One of the blind participants almost hit his head while reaching for the pushbutton.
From page 225...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 225 Figure 12-120: South crosswalk exit lane; used for wayfinding trials a) Ramp, DW and gutter aligned to left of crosswalk direction.
From page 226...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 226 Figure 12-122: Crossing exit lanes, east crosswalk a) Curb ramp aligned with crosswalk direction.
From page 227...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 227 Figure 12-124: Pedestrian view of east crosswalk (looking north)
From page 228...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 228 Figure 12-125: Signage and markings on approach from east a) Lane assignment pavement markings.
From page 229...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 229 Figure 12-127: Sidewalk on east leg, north side On the north side of Maple Road, the sidewalk is over 20 feet from street approaching the intersection. It turns toward the roundabout at the crosswalk and continues with about a 4 foot landscape strip around the roundabout.
From page 230...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 230 Figure 12-129: View of raised crosswalk a) Note steep rise on edge, somewhat of a tripping hazard for pedestrians.
From page 231...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 231 Figure 12-131: View of North crosswalk a) RRFBs, raised crosswalk.
From page 232...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 232 Figure 12-133: North crosswalk and island pedestrian view a) Curb ramp and DW aligned slightly left of crosswalk direction.
From page 233...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 233 Figure 12-135: View of west crosswalk a) West crosswalk - RRFBs and audible information devices installed but no raised crosswalk.
From page 234...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 234 12.5 Ann Arbor, MI Photo Log 12.5.1 Multi-lane site – Ellsworth and State Street Figure 12-137: East leg exit lane crossing a) Two- lane crossing.
From page 235...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 235 Figure 12-139: Drivers' view of crosswalk a) Stop here to pedestrians sign before crosswalk.
From page 236...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 236 Figure 12-141: Rumble strips in pavement a) Pen at bottom left for size comparison.
From page 237...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 237 Figure 12-143: View of curb and detectable warning surface and alignment of sidewalk at east entry a) Detectable warning surface and curb line/gutter not aligned the same.
From page 238...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 238 Figure 12-145: View of north crosswalk exit lanes a) Landscape strip between sidewalk and roadway.
From page 239...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 239 Figure 12-147: View of another zig-zag cut-through island Figure 12-148: North crosswalk, crossing exclusive right turn a) Narrow island without zig zag and then wider island with zig-zag between opposing entry and exit lanes.
From page 240...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 240 Figure 12-149: Exit lanes – west crosswalk (studied)
From page 241...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 241 Figure 12-151: Pedestrian view of west crosswalk exit lane crossing a) Curb ramp with returned curbs aligned with crosswalk direction.
From page 242...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 242 Figure 12-153: Entry lane crosswalk from island west leg a) Detectable warning at edge of island.
From page 243...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 243 12.5.2 Single-lane roundabout: Nixon Road and Huron Parkway Figure 12-155: View of overhead crosswalk signs Signs were internally illuminated at night. Figure 12-156: View of ramp to crosswalk at exit lane with bike ramp in background
From page 244...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 244 Figure 12-157: View of crosswalk studied, sidewalk and landscaping a) Landscaping between sidewalk and road.
From page 245...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 245 Figure 12-159: Small diameter circle a) Truck apron in center and at entry.
From page 246...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 246 Figure 12-161: Yield signs a) Yield sign posts with reflective tape.
From page 247...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 247 Figure 12-163: View of crosswalk lighting (west crosswalk)
From page 248...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 248 Figure 12-165: Narrow splitter island a) Cut-through.
From page 249...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 249 Figure 12-166: Truck apron at entry a) Slightly raised but very close to crosswalk.
From page 250...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 250 Figure 12-168: View of east crosswalk a) Odd alignment of island edges, not aligned with crosswalk.
From page 251...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 251 Figure 12-170: East crosswalk splitter island a) Very narrow.
From page 252...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 252 12.6 Greenbelt, MD Photo Log 12.6.1 Cherrywood Lane and Metro Access Road Figure 12-172: Driver's view on approach on west leg (Cherrywood)
From page 253...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 253 Figure 12-173: Bike sign and ramp to sidewalk a) Bicycle sign.
From page 254...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 254 Figure 12-174: Markings and signs at entry a) Faded sharks tooth yield line.
From page 255...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 255 Figure 12-176: Narrow entry to curb ramp and crosswalk a) Narrow, four-feet entry to ramp/crosswalk area, missed by some blind participants.
From page 256...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 256 Figure 12-178: Uneven pavement near beginning of west crosswalk, from south Figure 12-179: View of west leg, (leaving roundabout) , looking west from crosswalk on north side of Cherrywood Lane a)
From page 257...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 257 Figure 12-180: Parallel curb ramp on north side (exit lanes ) of west crosswalk a)
From page 258...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 258 Figure 12-182: Crosswalk not far from yield line/sign for vehicles entering roundabout from north Figure 12-183: Median between lanes a) Concrete island installed between right only lane and through/right lane (similar treatment present on east approach)
From page 259...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 259 Figure 12-184: Another view of median and crosswalk (north crossing)
From page 260...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 260 Figure 12-186 View of exit lane crosswalk on west leg from north leg (from median between right only lane and right/through lane)
From page 261...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 261 Figure 12-188: View from crosswalk of vehicles approaching from east let to north leg a) Vehicle moving pretty quickly downhill.
From page 262...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 262 12.6.2 Channelized Turn Lane Kenilworth Road and East West Highway, Greenbelt MD Figure 12-190: Approach to intersection a) RIGHT LANE MUST TURN RIGHT sign.
From page 263...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 263 Figure 12-192: View of crosswalk location a) Channelized right turn with decel lane, sloping downhill toward East West Highway.
From page 264...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 264 Figure 12-194: Pedestrian's view of approaching traffic from crosswalk a) Note that controller blocks view of cars approaching in the right turn lane.
From page 265...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 265 Figure 12-196: Detectable warning on island at entry to cut-through area covered in dirt and debris Figure 12-197: Crossing East West Highway from island a) Narrow cut-through bordered by grass.
From page 266...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 266 Figure 12-198: Crossing Kenilworth Road from island a) Narrow cut-through area bordered by grass.
From page 267...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 267 12.7 Cary, NC Photo Log 12.8 CTL – SW corner of Tryon Road and Kildaire Farm Road Figure 12-199: Driver's view on approach on Tryon Road a) RIGHT LANE MUST TURN RIGHT sign.
From page 268...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 268 Figure 12-201: Driver's view of CTL and pedestrian crossing a) Right turn arrow and ONLY pavement marking.
From page 269...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 269 Figure 12-203: Pedestrian approach a) Sidewalk separated from roadway by wide landscape strip.
From page 270...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 270 Figure 12-205: Crosswalk across right turn lane and view of large island area a) Large flares on ramp wider than crosswalk area.
From page 271...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 271 Figure 12-206: Curb ramps and crosswalks for Tryon (front) and Kildaire Farm (to right)
From page 272...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 272 12.8.1 Roundabout – Old Apex Road and West Chatham Street, Cary, NC Figure 12-208: Driver's view of roundabout on approach from west on Old Apex Road a) Roundabout sign and advisory speed sign.
From page 273...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 273 Figure 12-210: West crosswalk, from south end a) One lane entry.
From page 274...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 274 Figure 12-211: View of west exit crosswalk from beyond east crosswalk Figure 12-212: Pedestrian approach to west crosswalk, exit lane a) Grass landscape strip between sidewalk and curb.
From page 275...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 275 Figure 12-213: West crosswalk, looking south, exit lane crossing a) Perpendicular ramp.
From page 276...
... NCHRP 3-78b: Final Project Report April 2016 276 -- - This page intentionally left blank -- -

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