Interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring (2017) / Chapter Skim
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C-1 A p p e n d i x C C.1 Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, C-2 C.2 Salt Lake City International Airport, C-8 C.3 Victoria International Airport, C-13 Monitoring Case Studies
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C-2 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring C.1 Seattle-Tacoma International Airport The Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (SEA) case study provides an example of how the Port of Seattle (Port)
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Monitoring Case Studies C-3 SEA conducts continuous flow monitoring of the IWS discharges and collects daily composite samples for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS)
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C-4 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring The Port operates a unique telemetry-based system to initiate sample collection for its composite samplers. Composite samplers are programmed to start collecting 24-hour composite samples when they receive a signal from a cell dial-up system.
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Monitoring Case Studies C-5 Issue Resolution The Port used a three-step approach to resolve the regulatory compliance issue stemming from elevated concentrations of zinc, copper, and TSS in stormwater discharges: • Development of site-specific effluent limits • Selection and sizing of BMPs • Adaptive management Airport monitoring data facilitated decisions made in each of the three steps described in the following subsections. Development of Site-Specific Effluent Limits The Port worked with Ecology to use the water effects ratio approach established by U.S.
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C-6 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring report for Ecology proposing new BMPs that would enable attainment of AKART and water quality objectives. Adaptive Management The Port decided to take an adaptive management approach to stormwater controls.
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Monitoring Case Studies C-7 Subbasin Runoff Characteristics Control Measures Miller Creek SDN-1 flight kitchens, roads, and the roofs of several buildings Painted galvanized rooftops reduce zinc concentrations in stormwater. Bioswales along Air Cargo Road treat runoff from this roadway.
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C-8 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring over-designing initial BMPs. These three steps allowed the Port to effectively leverage its monitoring program to reduce the total cost of improvements over what would have been required using more traditional methods.
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Monitoring Case Studies C-9 (Utah DWQ, 2014a)
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C-10 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring Additionally, the ground water discharge permit requires soil sampling for propylene glycol at the land application site, to monitor for effects on subsurface soils (Utah DWQ, 2014b)
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Monitoring Case Studies C-11 Results of the pilot study were immediately submitted to DWQ for review and approval, along with a proposal to implement a full-scale land application system on a temporary basis, with ongoing monitoring activities. Monitoring results showed that glycol concentrations reached nondetect levels within a 1-week time frame after land application, and degraded at a soil depth above the groundwater table (SLCDA, 2002)
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C-12 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring With the continued success of the permanent system, SLCDA received regulatory approval to expand the system in 2014 (Figure C-3)
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Monitoring Case Studies C-13 phases of the pilot study, and as part of ongoing land application activities, were critical for demonstrating to the regulator that the land application approach would be sufficiently protective of the environment. The monitoring results also informed the planning and design of the land application system, including the selection of land application rates and frequency, allowing the system to perform as expected when implemented on a larger scale.
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C-14 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring transferred airport operations to the newly established Victoria Airport Authority (Kerr Wood Leidal, 2013)
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Monitoring Case Studies C-15 sample on a weekly basis. The sample is analyzed for a variety of parameters, including total suspended solids, metals, nutrients, glycol, oil and grease, and water hardness.
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C-16 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring concentrations being widespread throughout the drainage system. As a next step, VAA staff conducted sampling of sediment within the storm pipes and found high concentrations of heavy metals.
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Monitoring Case Studies C-17 Ltd. Overall, the remediation effort cost $232,000 (Victoria Airport Authority, 2013)
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C-18 interpreting the Results of Airport Water Monitoring it is able to be closed to provide emergency spill containment in the event of unforeseen releases (Victoria Airport Authority, 2013)
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Monitoring Case Studies C-19 Lessons Learned Although the contamination associated with this case study was ultimately attributed to historic sources rather than current airport activities, VAA did identify several lessons learned through this experience that were applicable to its ongoing Source Control Program. As a result, the monitoring program and procedures have been adapted with considerations for these lessons learned.
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