Practices for Evaluating the Economic Impacts and Benefits of Transit (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 69-76
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From page 69... ...
69 Appendix A Reviews of national Reports and Guides American public Transportation Association, Economic Impact of Public Transportation Investment (2014 Update) Weisbrod, G., D
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From page 70... ...
70 the effects of transit services or investments. The report addresses issues of potential "double counting," but recognizes the value of multiple approaches to quantifying the effects of transit.
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71 dents associated with fewer cars on the road. The study encourages a perspective that starts with the users of transit, characterizes the value of different types of trips enabled, and then asks the question: what would happen to these users if transit were not available?
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72 – Economic development impacts, defined as impacts on the level of economic activity in a given area, derived from monetary effects on income and costs for households and businesses; and – Environmental and other externality impacts including air pollution, noise, visual blight, and quality of life factors experienced by society as a whole that may or may not be monetized based on society's "willingness-to-pay." The study found that economic development impact analyses are typically undertaken to measure progress toward more fundamental goals such as ensuring economic wellbeing, providing opportunity for gainful employment and economic mobility, and ensuring long-term economic stability within a region. Measuring growth in wages, jobs, or business activity is a proxy for progress toward these more fundamental goals.
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From page 73... ...
73 The study was structured to investigate whether and to what extent BRT systems do indeed influence development patterns. The researchers use multiple approaches and measures and do not endeavor to directly assess the relationship between BRT and economic gains (or to generate a single "impact" or "benefit" number)
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From page 74... ...
74 of analysis. The study calculates benefit–cost ratios for systems at a state-level, incorporating cost savings and mobility benefits.
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From page 75... ...
75 Quantification approach: As a meta-analysis, this study does not itself quantify effects but rather reports findings from other studies. In their cross-tabulation of reported results, the authors note the difficulty of comparing benefit–cost ratios across geographies and studies, because the ratios are highly dependent on the methodology chosen and the types of effects included.
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From page 76... ...
76 Quantification approach: The report reviews how researchers have calculated a value of transit access benefits for low income and other dependent populations, based on either (a) avoided costs of public assistance services for government, or (b)
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