Preparing for a Rapid Response to Major Marine Oil Spills Protecting and Assessing the Health and Well-Being of Communities: Proceedings of a Workshop—in Brief (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Preparing for a Rapid Response to Major Marine Oil Spills: Protecting and Assessing the Health and Well-Being of Communities: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
Preparing for a Rapid Response to Major Marine Oil Spills: Protecting and Assessing the Health and Well-Being of Communities: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
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At this workshop, both speakers and participants came together to represent these stakeholder communities.1 Ann Hayward Walker, Scientific and Environmental Associates, framed the discussion by noting that oil spill regulations focus on limiting damage to the environment and protecting people from immediate threats to health and safety; a focus that overlooks broader and longer-term impacts, including physical, mental, economic, and social aspects of health and well-being. Bringing together community leaders, oil spill and public health practitioners, and disaster researchers, she said, is essential to consider how best to "collaborate to improve our collective abilities to better protect community health and well-being during future oil spills." OIL SPILL RESPONSE FRAMEWORK Roger Laferriere, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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Laferriere explained that the NCP can operate within the NRF or the NDRF, but often operates in isolation; thus, community health aspects of these frameworks are not always brought to bear during oil spills. Several speakers noted differences between oil spill and disaster responses.
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He challenged participants to "develop strategies that would enable response leadership to tell the response community that this is a priority, and to develop champions for this work in public health and disaster research." Duane Gill, Oklahoma State University, added that engaging communities before an oil spill is important so that "when an event occurs we are in the community, we know what is going on in the community, and we are prepared to ameliorate the negative impacts of an event." POTENTIAL CHALLENGES The wide-ranging workshop discussion characterized four groups of challenges to incorporating the protection of community health and well-being into oil spill response. Complex and Long-Term Impacts Oil spill responders "come in and try to solve what [they]
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long-term community impacts of oil spills. A number of participants noted that dispersant use illustrates the dynamic tension between community health and environmental concerns, because, as Walker noted, they are viable response tools but community health concerns have not been successfully addressed.
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Aligning Existing Policies, Funding, and Systems To affect culture change, Laferriere called for national recognition that oil spills are community health incidents. He suggested strengthening the underutilized Public Health Services Act for declaring a public health emergency after a spill.
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that must be understood and addressed in response efforts for them to feel secure, said Mainzer. Baumgartner suggested assigning local community health or resilience officers to preparedness efforts to map community systems and resources, inform response, and engender community confidence.
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Baumgartner suggested carrying out drills with deliberate community health involvement and Gill suggested pilots patterned after RCAC to facilitate local stakeholder engagement.
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She reiterated the idea that community health is a part of every disaster and that if both the short- and long-term concerns were included in oil spill preparedness, response, and recovery, many communities would be better prepared for and more resilient after an oil spill. Walker said that without legislation it will be difficult to address the concerns and issues discussed at the workshop, but not impossible.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE FOR PREPARING FOR A RAPID RESPONSE TO MAJOR MARINE OIL SPILLS: A WORKSHOP ON RESEARCH NEEDS TO PROTECT THE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF COMMUNITIES* Ann Hayward Walker (Chair)
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