Airport Passenger Screening Using Millimeter Wave Machines Compliance with Guidelines (2017) / Chapter Skim
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The RF exposure guidelines published by these various organizations are similar to one another in terms of average power density (W/m2) 3 across the RF spectrum and are based on the principle of protecting individuals against potentially adverse effects resulting from tissue heating.
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. For example, the power density of 26 GHz waves striking human tissue will decrease to approximately 13 percent of the surface value at a depth of approximately 0.65 mm.
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For a detailed description of how the machine works, see Chapter 2, section "System Design and Operating Procedures." The measurements at four airports4 show that the peak intensity of the pulsed signal at scan plane 1 is only in the range of 0.0001 W/m2, and for plane 2, it is 0.00003 W/m2, representing 100,000 and 320,000 lower than the 10 W/m2 limit mentioned above. Hence even an "out of position" person will receive a continuous power density during a scan that is no more than what is in scan plane 1 -- that is, 4 The airports were chosen by the committee and the subcontractor from a set of 30 airports made available to the committee by Transportation Security Administration; the selection enabled variation in portal use and type as well as timely travel to each.
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100,000 times below the applicable guideline exposure limit -- and certainly will receive much less standing in the center of the portal. According to these measure ments, the value of 0.0001 W/m2 can be considered an upper limit on the peak value of the exposure.
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Radiated emissions were sampled in the 25 percent harmonic band and the 50 percent harmonic band while the ProVision scanner was operating in the mid-scan position, and in repetitive sweep mode. Despite placing the spectrum analyzer antenna right up against the ProVision Lexan radome, no radiation was detected.
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Some of the main published standards for this type of analysis include SAE J1739,5 AIAG FMEA-4,6 and MIL-STD-1629A.7 In addition, many industries and companies have devel oped their own procedures to meet the specific requirements for their products and processes. The conduct of a FMEA gives the designers insight into the possible failure modes of complex machines such as the AIT scanners and thus valuable insight into any potential safety issues.
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, this report discusses the ProVision 100, the predecessor to the ProVision 1 and ProVision 2. • Report of Measurements and Assessment for Potential Electromagnetic Interference Effects on Personal Medical Electronic Devices from Exposure to Emissions from the L3 Provision Millimeter Wave Advanced Imaging Technology 8 French Agency for Environmental and Occupational Health Safety (AFSSET)
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Finding: The frequency range for current millimeter wave portals is such that the power is mostly deposited in the outer surface or skin of the body and as 9 Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 2011, Report of Measurements and Assessment for Potential Electromagnetic Interference Effects on Personal Medi cal Electronic Devices from Exposure to Emissions from the L3 Provision Millimeter Wave Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) Security System, April 4, in Department of Health and Human Services (DHS)
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Recommendation: The Transportation Security Agency gives travelers with implanted electronic devices, whether life sustaining or therapeutic, a choice between hand screening and millimeter wave advanced imaging technology (AIT)
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