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Airport Passenger Screening Using Millimeter Wave Machines Compliance with Guidelines (2017) / Chapter Skim
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2 Millimeter Wave Advanced Imaging Technology
Pages 16-22

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From page 16...
... Millimeter wave imaging is in use or under development for a wide variety of nondestructive analysis, medical diagnosis, security, scientific, and communications applications. Critical technologies for these applications include wave generation and detection components, such as sources, receivers (antennas)
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From page 17...
... The main challenge of passive illumination is obtaining sufficient signal for imaging from ambient light. ACTIVE SYSTEMS The signal available for millimeter wave imaging is substantially enhanced using active sources to illuminate the person or object, as is also the case for auto motive radar.
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From page 18...
... SYSTEM DESIGN AND OPERATING PROCEDURES The fundamental concept of operation for millimeter wave AIT scanners cur rently in use in the United States is to expose a subject to millimeter wavelength radiation, record the reflected radiation, then process the recorded signals to produce an image of the subject showing any suspicious objects contained in or under the subject's clothing. The technical difficulty of implementing the concept is a consequence of the three-dimensional nature of the subject.
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From page 19...
... . In a scan of a single subject, more than 200 vertical scan lines are produced as the ~200 transmit and ~200 receive antennae in each of the two masts are revolved through a 120 degree arc around the subject.5 Each individual transmit antenna transmits for ~6 µs during an ~8 µs pulse period.6 This transmission pattern for both linear arrays repeats approximately every 3 ms until the arrays have completed the rotation.7 As seen in the top of Figure 2.3, the pulse is on for ~6 µs and off for ~2 µs.
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From page 20...
... The automatic target detection (ATD) function post-processes the ~200 verti cal scan lines using computer software.
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From page 21...
... Power: ProVision ATD, 95-240 VAC/16 A, 50 to 60 Hz ProVision 2, 100-240 VAC/1900 W peak, 50 to 60 Hz Operating Temperature: ProVision ATD, 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F) Humidity: 5 to 95 percent non-condensing Inner Walls: Clear Lexan 9600™ 6 mm Outer Walls: Clear Lexan 9600™ 3 mm Antennas: ~200 × 2 in two separate arrays Transceiver: GaAs monolithic microwave IC from United Monolithic Semiconductors, CHA2069-99F 8    The duration of the active exposure during the scan is approximately 0.48 seconds.
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From page 22...
... 9    See United Monolithic Semiconductors, "CHA2069-99F/00: 18-31GHz Low Noise Amplifier," data sheet, http://pdf1.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/view/32936/UMS/CHA2069-99F/00.html, ac cessed February 5, 2016.
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Key Terms

  • scan lines
  • wave imaging
  • linear array
  • linear arrays
  • wave advanced

  • active millimeter
  • united monolithic
  • vertical linear
  • advanced imaging
  • using active

  • vertical scan
  • frequency range
  • provision atd
  • ait units
  • imaging technology

  • transmission mode
  • transmit antenna
  • monolithic semiconductors
  • passive illumination
  • automotive radar

  • personnel screening
  • wave frequency
  • wave technology
  • wave generation
  • monolithic microwave

  • lines using
  • arrays repeats
  • provision advanced
  • include wave
  • wave signals


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