Monitoring and Sampling Approaches to Assess Underground Coal Mine Dust Exposures (2018) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E: Coal Mining in the United States
Appendix E: Coal Mining in the United States
Pages 122-129
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. The coal industry in the United States is mature, tracing its origin to the first commercial exploitation of coal in the Manakin area, near Richmond, Virginia, in 1701.
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Regarding federal health and safety legislation, the Federal Coal Mine Inspection Act was enacted in 1941 and the Federal Coal Mine Safety Act was enacted in 1952. The passage of the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 represented a significant departure from tradition in that the enforcement of federal health and safety standards were to be performed by an agency of the federal government, the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
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SOURCE: Kolstad, 2017. Reprinted with permission; 2017, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
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In contrast to surface mining, underground mining is conducted in a confined geologic medium and presents a number of unique challenges arising from factors such as strata pressure, gas liberation, and airborne dust. Often, when mining thin coal seams, the section of strata that is mined can include portions of roof, floor, or both to ensure adequate head room for miners and equipment.
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From page 126... ...
NUMBER OF MINES AND EMPLOYMENT The trends toward increased surface mining, increased production and productivity using new technology, consolidation of the mining companies, and closure of smaller operations have contributed over the years to a continuous decline in the number of mines and the number of miners employed in those mines. Variations in those statistics are affected by variations in the geologic aspects of coal deposits in different locations in the United States, coal quality, and differences in mining conditions.
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FIGURE E-7 Number of miners employed in coal mines: total and by mining method, 2010-2017. SOURCE: Data from MSHA, 2017b.
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SUMMARY In considering issues concerning the coal industry in the United States, it is important to recognize the diverse and variable nature of the industry in terms of the location of the major operations, distributions of coal production by regions and mining methods, mine size, number of mines, and numbers of miners.
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From page 129... ...
2017a. Coal Mining Data: Average Number of Employees at Coal Mines in the United States, by Primary Activity, 1978-2007 [online]
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