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From page 30... ... 30 Introduction This section of the Guidebook builds on the planning process outlined in Section 4, which described three options for EOC improvements: update a current EOC within existing space, relocate to an existing facility, or build a new greenfield site. There are many factors to consider when evaluating existing or new sites, including topography and environmental constraints along with adjacent conditions involving any existing and planned support facilities such as operations offices, including fire departments and communications centers. Read the entire page →
From page 31... ... Site Selection 31 Existing Sites and Buildings If the Decision Tree identifies the EOC to be updated or relocated to an existing site, the guidelines to consider include the following. Accessibility The existing building or site should be readily accessible in the event of an emergent event for airport personnel and various stakeholders involved in the emergency response management and support. Read the entire page →
From page 32... ... 32 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs • Assess the building for convenient and adequate access to fire hydrants.5 • Review the building or site for critical redundant utility systems that may be needed to support site security, life safety, and rescue functions in the EOC. • Assess the building location for potential vulnerabilities to wind-blown debris.4 • Ideally, existing structures being considered for an EOC will be located on higher ground to avoid potential flooding. Read the entire page →
From page 33... ... Site Selection 33 Size The size of the site or existing building plays a key role in the ability of the EOC to provide all the necessary functions and supporting infrastructure, including safety and security, needed to operate the facility. Section 7 provides information on size and layout requirements for the building. Read the entire page →
From page 34... ... 34 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs access roads above low-lying areas to avoid such incidents during inclement weather. Consider locating the EOC along routes that permit unimpeded access to the site. Read the entire page →
From page 35... ... Site Selection 35 • Wayfinding and signage -- Wayfinding is important to the security of the site. Measures need be taken to reduce the number of persons with knowledge concerning sensitive areas of the site such as communications or utility areas. Read the entire page →
From page 36... ... 36 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs • If the facility will be co-utilized or shared with other stakeholders such as Operations, Emergency Management, Fire, Police, etc., a survey of the existing building's area will be required to ensure proper space is available to meet the needs of all the stakeholders' programmatic requirements. • Assess locations within the non-secure portions of the terminal for any potential security vulnerabilities, especially various attack vectors using public space. Read the entire page →
From page 37... ... Baseline Threat Identification Baseline Threat Profile Threat Scenario Development Red Team Effort Stakeholder Validation TVA Findings TVA ScoringScenario Package Survey Client Threat Profile Community Profile TTP Access Points and Security Facility Vulnerability Assessment Survey Local Law Enforcement National Threat Research Source: Faith Group, LLC. Figure 5-1. Read the entire page →
From page 38... ... 38 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs Figure 5-2. Vulnerability assessment scoresheet. Read the entire page →
From page 39... ... Site Selection 39 The more common attack vectors utilized at airports by terrorists in terms of attack trajectories tend to remain in the realm of low-complexity/high-impact events. IEDs, whether suicide, stand-alone, VBIED, or a combination of delivery methods, or small arms assaults/active shooter attacks, remain the vector of choice for terrorist/extremist operatives. Read the entire page →
From page 40... ... 40 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs IED could be used. Most prudent planners will point to a box van or cargo van for a baseline factor in terms of potential explosive power. Read the entire page →
From page 41... ... Site Selection 41 • Natural -- Hurricane, • Radiological -- Radiological Dispersal Device ("Dirty Bomb") , • Explosives -- Improvised Explosive Device, • Biological -- Food Contamination, • Biological -- Foreign Animal Disease, and • Cyber. Read the entire page →
From page 42... ... 42 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs Likewise, TSA has documented that Command Centers or Security Operations Centers can be specifically threatened by many potential issues. The potential attack profiles are in the range of those discussed in Table 5-4. Read the entire page →
From page 43... ... Site Selection 43 Suicide Bomber -- This being a classic terrorist modality, it presumes an attacker could enter the facility (either posing as an "insider" delivery man or other innocuous visitor) with a nominal amount of explosives and shrapnel strapped to his or her body and initiate the explosive upon entering the center. Read the entire page →
From page 44... ... 44 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs Im pa ct H ig h Im pa ct L ow Likelihood Low Likelihood High Suicide Bomber Active ShooterIntrusion Fire Earth quake IED VBIED Specific Threat Scenario Mapping Source: Faith Group, LLC. Figure 5-3. Read the entire page →
From page 45... ... Site Selection 45 including (H) Read the entire page →
From page 46... ... 46 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs Source: FBI. Figure 5-4. Read the entire page →
From page 47... ... Site Selection 47 Checklist: Site Evaluation Plan The evaluation checklist provided below identifies key criteria and issues to consider when evaluating sites for a potential EOC. The checklist is organized using the same categories as previously described in this chapter. Read the entire page →
From page 48... ... 48 Design Considerations for Airport EOCs Other Considerations Consider a backup site location should the primary EOC become compromised and unable to perform the functions of a fully operational EOC. Ideally, the backup site should be capable of immediate activation and located to minimize the factors that disabled the primary site. Read the entire page →

From page 30...

... 30 Introduction This section of the Guidebook builds on the planning process outlined in Section 4, which described three options for EOC improvements: update a current EOC within existing space, relocate to an existing facility, or build a new greenfield site. There are many factors to consider when evaluating existing or new sites, including topography and environmental constraints along with adjacent conditions involving any existing and planned support facilities such as operations offices, including fire departments and communications centers.