Transgenic Neuroscience Research Exploring the Scientific Opportunities Afforded by New Nonhuman Primate Models: Proceedings of a Workshop (2019) / Chapter Skim
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6 Understanding the Policy, Infrastructure, and Funding Needed to Advance Neuroscience Research
6 Understanding the Policy, Infrastructure, and Funding Needed to Advance Neuroscience Research
Pages 43-52
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From page 43... ...
. • NPRCs facilitate convergent research on nonhuman primates that enables efficient translation to human disease (Morrison)
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From page 44... ...
BRAIN Initiative and the European Brain Initiative include significant theory components. Mu-Ming Poo, director of the China Brain Project, said that within the next 10 to 15 years, they hope to map the cell-type-specific connectome of important brain regions in the macaque as an intermediate step toward mapping all the connections in the human brain using platforms for neuromodulation, neural information processing, and transgenic nonhuman primate development.
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From page 45... ...
Parker called for a national investment to support and advance nonhuman primate models of complex brain disorders, including scaling emerging genetic technologies and sophisticated behavioral tools for use at NPRCs. She suggested that to advance transgenic work, this may mean distributing efforts among the seven NPRCs or relying on academic institutions to provide the financial backstops for this research.
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From page 46... ...
Only about 10 percent of these are used for basic research studies; most are used for toxicology studies and other aspects of product development and safety assessment. As in the United States, noncommercial, nonhuman primate research in Europe is distributed across national primate centers and academic laboratories, said Treue.
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From page 47... ...
After performing ophthalmoscopy on more than 100 nonhuman primates over the past 20 years, her team found one animal with white spots on the retina that resembled drusen, the hallmark pathology seen in people with macular degeneration. Genetic analysis of this animal showed biallelic mutations in the gene for an inherited form of macular degeneration called Stargardt disease, suggesting a possible path toward breeding an animal model of macular degeneration.
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From page 48... ...
Frances Jensen agreed, adding that sharing of negative as well as positive data is needed within the nonhuman primate research community, especially data from unique transgenic animals. Given the limited resources available for nonhuman primate work, Frasier wondered how to balance innovation in developing new methodologies with the need for standardization.
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From page 49... ...
Given the precious nature of these resources and the ethical pressure to limit their use, Susan Amara, director of the Division of Intramural Research Programs at NIMH, wondered if a larger, global consortium representing industry, academia, federal and nonprofit funders, and other stakeholder groups could coordinate efforts on generating transgenic nonhuman primate models to ensure that resources are well used, and to minimize the potential for duplication of efforts. Morrison agreed, and suggested that in setting resources and priorities, the research community should be guided not by what has been done in rodent models, but by what the human literature suggests could be gained by research in monkeys.
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From page 50... ...
For example, he said MJFF has partnered with other organizations, including NIH and other nonprofit funders, to focus on a common but more targeted question related to Parkinson's disease. Stanek also pointed to a model advanced by the CHDI Foundation, a nonprofit, private, disease-specific foundation focused on Huntington's disease that brings researchers or organizations together to address specific questions and avoid duplicating efforts.
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From page 51... ...
To address the scientific and practical challenges identified throughout the workshop, Guoping Feng highlighted the urgency of crafting a strategy to develop genetically modified nonhuman primate models and the needed infrastructure to support this promising area of research.
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