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From page 75... ... C-1 As part of this effort, the research team sought to apply the methods outlined in this guidebook to three real-world airports -- Charlottesville Albemarle Airport, Dayton International Airport, Portland International Airport -- seeking to develop their own Renewable Resources Strategies. The research team worked with each airport to develop the following strategies, which are included as an illustration of how the principles presented in this guidebook can be applied to airports of differing scales, each with their own constraints, challenges, and opportunities. Read the entire page →
From page 76... ... C-2 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Prepared for CHO Management May 2018 Charlottesville Albemarle Airport (CHO) Renewable Resource Strategy DRAFT Read the entire page →
From page 77... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-3 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... Read the entire page →
From page 78... ... C-4 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Introduction About This Document This document contains a summary of the Charlottesville-Albemarle Airport's strategy to increase the use of renewable resources through projects and initiatives that reduce waste, reduce fuel consumption or offset other non-renewable resources with more environmentally friendly alternatives. The purpose of the document is to contain and summarize CHO's various renewable resource efforts, initiatives and projects providing a valuable tool for airport leadership and stakeholders to demonstrate CHO's leadership in evaluating and deploying renewable resources. Read the entire page →
From page 79... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-5 Vision Statement & Goals Vision Statement CHO is committed to the principles of environmental stewardship. CHO will strive to preserve our natural resources, operate efficiently, promote the airport as a steward of the environment, enhance our passenger experience and serve as a vital asset for Charlottesville, Albemarle County and Central Virginia. Read the entire page →
From page 80... ... C-6 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Baseline & Airport Systems Electricity Consumption and Cost • Heating Oil – Average 3,300 consumed per month/$9,000 per month (average $3.00 per gallon) Read the entire page →
From page 81... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-7 Process for Identifying Opportunities Agenda item at Monthly Tenant Meetings Present to Director of Operations Stakeholders, Roles, and Responsibilities Stakeholder Role Responsibilities Airport Authority Approve Keep program on track and in focus Tenants Participate Work with airport staff and keep up with program Airport Staff Monitor Confirm Participation and report to Airport Authority Approval Process for Renewable Resource Projects • Return on Investment analysis and expectations • Presentation to Executive Director and Airport Authority • Incorporate into Capital Improvement Program • Identify Funding Sources and Incorporate into Budget Relationship with Other Documents • Airport Layout Plan • Master Plan • Airport Capital Improvement Program • Airport Authority Budget Updating the Strategy Stakeholder feedback Tenant Surveys 6 Read the entire page →
From page 82... ... C-8 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Planned Projects and Initiatives Timeline Project Description Task Lead 1Q2018 Recycling Program Official launch of public-facing recycling program and engagement with all tenants, including: • Public facing education materials • Training for tenants and airport staff • Placement of all necessary bins/containers Director of Operations 1Q2018 Terminal LED Retrofit Phase 1 Phase 1 nearing completion; 98% terminal lighting replaced with LED Maintenance Superintendent 2Q2018 Gas Utility Engagement • Outreach to Natural Gas provider to extend service to airport terminal. BCA underway with Natural Gas Provider • Calculate GHG emissions reductions for switching to natural gas Director of Ops & Maintenance Superintendent 2Q2018 Parking Lot LED Retrofit • Retrofit of Parking lot lighting to LED included in parking lot expansion project design. Read the entire page →
From page 83... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-9 plans and specifications for chiller system replacement in terminal building. 3Q2019 Chiller Replacement Release for public bid the replacement of the chiller system in the airport terminal building Director of Ops & Maintenance Superintendent 3Q2019 Feasibility Review Review energy consumption in parking lot and determine the ROI of solar powered lighting in parking lots Director of Ops & Airport Intern 1Q2020 Terminal Improvements Design Determine the ROI of proposed terminal improvements to incorporate solar power Executive Director 1Q2019 Chiller Replacement Release a request for qualifications to obtain an engineering firm to develop Director of Ops & Maintenance Superintendent 8 Read the entire page →
From page 84... ... C-10 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy ManagementPrepared for DAY JUNE 2018 Dayton International Airport (DAY) Renewable Resource Strategy Read the entire page →
From page 85... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-11 Table of Contents Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... Read the entire page →
From page 86... ... C-12 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Introduction What is a Renewable Resource? A Renewable Resource is a resource that can be replenished over a meaningful timescale in terms of a human lifespan. Read the entire page →
From page 87... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-13 Vision Statement & Goals Our Mission Similar to our Sustainability Mission, We strive to conserve our natural resources, operate efficiently, promote Airport employees' well-being, enhance our passenger experience and serve as a vital asset for Southwest Ohio and beyond. Our Visions Energy Optimization: We want to maximize energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources through system optimization, innovative design methodology and economic feasibility. Read the entire page →
From page 88... ... C-14 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Baseline & Airport Systems Electricity Consumption and Cost 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Consumption (kwh) Read the entire page →
From page 89... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-15 Waste Generated and Disposal Cost 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Cost ($$$) $44,909.57 $35,997.33 $39,538.11 $46,656.59 $46,710.91 $44,133.95 Recycled Cardboard 37.0 15.5 43.8 37.1 37.3 32.6 Commingled Recyclables 28.5 56.6 63.6 39.7 23.9 42.4 Metal Recycled 37.6 31.2 28.8 25* Read the entire page →
From page 90... ... C-16 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy 7 Read the entire page →
From page 91... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-17 Vehicle Fuel Consumption and Costs 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Gasoline 30,927.00 40,156.00 76,483.00 74,923.00 69,473.00 65,917.00 Diesel 22,279.00 29,629.00 41,975.60 29,276.00 25,612.00 24,101.00 Cost $ 172,245 $ 225,622 $ 358,665 TBD TBD TBD Airline Related Waste Airport Staff will continue to coordinate with Airlines and provide receptacles for Airline CoMingled and Cardboard Recycling. Airlines and tenants are permitted to dispose of their recyclable materials in the Airport Recycling Receptacles. Read the entire page →
From page 92... ... C-18 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Process for Identifying Opportunities Agenda item at Monthly Tenant/Airline Managers Meetings The Airline Managers meeting is normally held on the second Wednesday of every month. During this meeting the agenda will include a request for ideas and input for using Renewable Resources. Read the entire page →
From page 93... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-19 decision making. Maintains compliance with environmental permitting. Read the entire page →
From page 94... ... C-20 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Approval Process for Renewable Resource Projects When developing new projects, please consult the table above for relevant parties to inform. In addition, note the prioritization and funding approval requirements below. Read the entire page →
From page 95... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-21 Funding All projects must be addressed in the Operating or Capital Improvement Budgets of the Department of Aviation. The Finance Manager can advise on the available sources of funds and their allowable uses. Read the entire page →
From page 96... ... C-22 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy • The location on the airport property of existing and proposed non-aviation areas and improvements thereon. Standard Operating Procedure 2.00 specifies the information required in an ALP submission. Read the entire page →
From page 97... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-23 Airspace Review and NEPA. Once approved, any project identified on the ALP is eligible for federal funding from the FAA. Read the entire page →
From page 98... ... C-24 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Airport Master Plan An airport Master Plan, which may include the ALP process, is a comprehensive study of an airport. It describes existing conditions, forecasts future aviation activity, and presents short-, medium-, and long-term development plans to meet the forecasted demand. Read the entire page →
From page 99... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-25 forecasts, selection of critical aircraft, and the ALP. It is from these elements that the FAA determines eligibility of AIP funding for proposed development. Read the entire page →
From page 100... ... C-26 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Regional offices then send the ACIP to FAA headquarters for a detailed national review. The national review ensures that the regional plans are consistent with FAA agency goals and policies, and that the national plan covers agency priorities for the upcoming year. Read the entire page →
From page 101... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-27 Sustainability Master Plan In 2010, the FAA began issuing grant funding to airports to develop sustainability plans under its Sustainable Master Plan Pilot Program. The purpose of the pilot program was to help airports identify sustainability objectives and measures to minimize environmental impacts, increase operational efficiency, and provide benefits to local communities. Read the entire page →
From page 102... ... C-28 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Sustainability Design and Construction Standards For new construction and major renovation, staff and consultants should review and follow the requirements of the Sustainable Design and Construction Standards. This document outlines design requirements, materials to be used, and other key information governing onsite construction practices. Read the entire page →
From page 103... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-29 Planned Projects and Initiatives Timeline Project Description Task Lead 2019 Restaurant Recycling with HMS Host Set up a simple recycling station at the Fast Food Type Restaurants and include a Liquid Collection Station. Airport Environmental 2019 Explore Feasibility of BioJet fuel Coordinate with FBO fuel supplier and PSA Airlines to investigate the feasibility of using bio Jet Fuel in a dedicated aircraft. Read the entire page →
From page 104... ... C-30 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Renewable Resources Strategy ACRP 02-72 Core Team INTRODUCTION Read the entire page →
From page 105... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-31 Context/Drivers •Cost Management •Controllable utility expense. •Stakeholder (Community) Read the entire page →
From page 106... ... C-32 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Energy and Carbon Management Master Plan • Refine the Port's carbon emissions inventory to remove carbon emissions attributable to Port tenants. • Update policies for procurement and project design/implementation to ensure that energy and carbon efficiency is maximized for new equipment and projects. Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-33 Vision Statement Keywords: net zero, demand, resiliency, investments, airlines, tenants, share, leadership We will: 1. become a net-zero energy airport by generating more energy than we use, and the energy we generate will be renewable energy; 2. Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... C-34 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy 9 PDXNext TCORE Objectives $785M $325M $275M $1,385M Capacity (2045) Flexibility Asset Renewal Resilience Total TCORE Capacity Expansion: $710M Renew Terminal Assets: $325M Seismic Upgrade to Existing Terminal: $275M Concourse B: $75M $1,385 Million BASELINE CONDITIONS AND FORECAST Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-35 Electricity Usage 10,000,000 20,000,000 30,000,000 40,000,000 50,000,000 60,000,000 70,000,000 PDXCUP PDX Others TTD HIO T2 T4 T6/Rivergate Navigation Port Operating Area Specific kWh Usage 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Energy Efficiency Read the entire page →
From page 110... ... C-36 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Renewable Energy PDX Terminal • 140 Panels, Partnership with Nike and NWA • PV system power: 31.500 kWp • Energy Generated 2017: 31,629.8 kWh Deicing Stormwater Treatment Facility • 120 Panels, Partnership with PP&L Blue Sky (Grant) • PV system power: 33.911 kWp • Energy Generated 2017: 20,516.3 kWh • 32 Panels • PV system power: 6.300 kWp • Energy Generated 2017: 4,945.3 kWh Natural Gas Usage Read the entire page →
From page 111... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-37 Carbon Emissions Forecast – Waterfall Chart • Near term increase in electricity demand due to projects (QTA, TBAL, PACR, TCORE) and electrification • Near term decrease in energy use intensity (EUI) Read the entire page →
From page 112... ... C-38 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Current Path to Carbon Neutrality Vision Path to Carbon Neutrality Read the entire page →
From page 113... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-39 Obstacles Determining most cost effective path Predicting future costs of investments and risk of business as usual Effectively valuing modernization and resiliency GOALS Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... C-40 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Net Zero PDX-controlled airport operations will achieve carbon neutrality by 2035 Electrification (TCORE or PDX-Controlled? Read the entire page →
From page 115... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-41 RENEWABLE RESOURCES AVAILABLE IN THE REGION Biomass • Facility that burns plant matter to produce electricity or heat • Wood fuel plant (torrefaction) announced for John Day to produce 100,000 tons of wood briquettes per year • HM3 Torrefaction Demonstration Plant in Troutdale • Fuel was proposed to replace coal fuel at Portland General Electric's Boardman Plant before it was decided to close it down Read the entire page →
From page 116... ... C-42 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Geothermal Electricity transmitted to Grid Not used for on-site use Iceland 100% Geothermal Powered Ground Source Heat Exchange Read the entire page →
From page 117... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-43 Hydro • Most abundant renewable energy in the world • Primarily feeds electricity to a regional grid rather than providing on-site power 15% of PGE electricity mix is from Hydro Subgroup: Low impact hydro or run-of-the-river hydro Ocean • Pacific Marine Energy Center • Wave energy test sites off Oregon coast • University-led effort funded by US Department of Energy • South Energy Test Site is developing a grid-compatible facility Read the entire page →
From page 118... ... C-44 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Solar Top Ten Solar States 1 California 2 North Carolina 3 Arizona 4 Nevada 5 New Jersey 6 Massachusetts 7 Texas 8 Utah 9 Georgia 10 Florida 1 3 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 * Markets are driven by State Energy Policy Photovoltaic (PV) Read the entire page →
From page 119... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-45 Wind • ~20% of all new electricity generation in 2017 • Wind produced by large wind farms with turbines 500 feet tall and electricity fed into the electric grid • Wind turbines are not compatible with aviation • Through the first quarter of 2017, Oregon ranked 7th in wind power production Windy Areas Sustainable Aviation Fuels • Fuel produced from plant matter • Used to power ground vehicles and aircraft • Road transportation fuels not suitable for aircraft • Sustainable Aviation Fuels • Drop-In – compatible with existing systems Ethanol Read the entire page →
From page 120... ... C-46 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy ENERGY EFFICIENCY Measures • Metering, Sub-metering, and Information Systems Integration • Commissioning and retro-commissioning • Replacement of existing equipment with more efficient alternatives – Lighting – HVAC – Motors – Office equipment • Other Read the entire page →
From page 121... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-47 OPTIONS FOR PROCURING RENEWABLE RESOURCES Construct On-site • Construct energy generation facility for on-site consumption – All electricity consumed within the airport's electricity infrastructure – Example: Solar PV on an existing building – Advantage: Simple approach; visible to public; less electricity acquired from utility; may gain efficiencies if connected to other construction projects – Disadvantage: Many small projects, more costly due to lack of economies of scale • Construct energy generation facility and transmit energy to the utility's grid – Electricity is delivered to the utility grid, purchased back via an energy contract – Example: Solar PV on a remote parcel of airport land – Advantage: Less costly due to economies of scale; option for third party owner – Disadvantage: Requires surplus land, close to point of interconnection • Applicable to: Biomass, Ground Source Heating, Hydro (Low Impact) , Solar PV Read the entire page →
From page 122... ... C-48 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Obtain from Off-site • Construct and own facility at off-Site location – Power generated off-site but credited to Port's accounts elsewhere – Advantage: Economies of scale, better energy generation at off-site location (e.g., solar in Eastern Oregon) than Port's existing sites, could benefit General Fund – Disadvantage: Complicated policy arrangement, may not be allowed • Contract to purchase power directly from third party owned facility – Power generated off-site, credited to Port's accounts through Power Contract – Advantage: Economies of scale, more efficient generation – Disadvantage: Complicated policy arrangement, may not be allowed • Purchase Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) Read the entire page →
From page 123... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-49 ASSESSMENT OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES Biomass • Grant County Regional Airport in John Day has a biomass heater in its LEED certified terminal (constructed in 2010) • Ketchikan Airport heats its terminal with a biomass system designed and constructed by Wisewood Energy, Portland Oregon in 2016. Read the entire page →
From page 124... ... C-50 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Geothermal / Ground Source Heating Airports with Ground Source Heating • Duluth (Minnesota) • Juneau (Alaska) Read the entire page →
From page 125... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-51 Wind • Cost-effective wind requires tall structures - limited potential unless acquired offsite • A few small scale turbines and building-mounted structures have been constructed Solar PV • Solar PV has been cost-effectively developed at airports Read the entire page →
From page 126... ... C-52 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Sustainable Aviation Fuels Renewable Resource Assessment for PDX Resource Type Location Availability Compatibility Accessible Environmental Cost Effective Overall Biomass On-site/Off-site High Medium High Low Medium Medium Geothermal Off-Site Medium High Low Medium Low Low Ground Source Heating On-Site High High High High Medium High Hydro (utility) Off-Site High High Low Low Low Low (low impact) Read the entire page →
From page 127... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-53 Airport Solar Design Options Solar PV Design, Installation Costs, and Production Estimates cdWM / aerA etamitsE) CD( tsoC dellatsnIeziSnoitacoL Ground-mounted On-site, surplus land, Off-Site > 2 MW $1.03/w 5 acres Canopy On-Site, Parking area 200 kW - 1 MW $2.27/w 5 acres Roof-mounted On-Site, Small building 3-10 kW $2.80/w 3 acres Roof-mounted On-Site, Large Building/Hangar 10 kW - 2 MW $1.85/w 3 acres Annual Electricity Generation for a 1 MWdc Solar Project PDX = 1,096,451 kWh Bend = 1,453,990 kWh (32% more electricity) Read the entire page →
From page 128... ... C-54 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy FINANCING PROJECTS Ownership Options Influence Financing Read the entire page →
From page 129... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-55 Airport Owned • Airport capitalizes, owns and operates the project • It contracts with an Engineering Procurement and Construction (EPC) firm that provides a turnkey solution • The airport may execute service contracts with the EPC or another contractor, and/or may integrate O&M into existing airport responsibilities. Read the entire page →
From page 130... ... C-56 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy PDX Financing Plan • Cost Center Allocations for PDX Capital Improvement Projects – Airline Cost Center • Directly supporting Terminal/Airfield • Funded through debt service & included in Rates & Charges – Port Cost Center • Ground Transportation, Cargo, GA, & Non-Aviation • Cash Funded through Port Revenues – Shared Cost Center • Allocated between above – many projects likely to be allocated to CUP • Any need for grant/tax credit discussion? Read the entire page →
From page 131... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-57 • Long range development plan for Portland International Airport through 2035 • Collaborative planning process with Port of Portland, City of Portland and metropolitan community • Commitment to sustainability – "Avoid/minimize/mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and prepare to adapt to climate change." • 3 Key Products – "The City and the Port affirm their commitment to sustainability and to applying principles that promote sustainability in future development at the Airport." Master Plan Consistency Land Use Plan (City) Read the entire page →
From page 132... ... C-58 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Planning Process – FAA Approvals • Standard Project Development Approach • Local permitting varies according to project location • Inside or outside Airport Operations Area fence • FAA approval will be key in certain areas • RPZ – Controlled Activity Areas • Compatibility with Wildlife Hazard Management Future Master Plan • Master plan or future sub-area plans represent opportunity to evaluate potential sites for renewables in light of other facility requirements • Opportunity to consider both developed and undeveloped areas of the airport and timeframes associated with each • Update of the Airport Layout Plan Read the entire page →
From page 133... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-59 Capital Planning & Approvals • Long-Range Capital Planning – Forecast projects out ~10 years – Search for opportunities to efficiently include renewable improvements in large capital projects • Approvals – Internal: approved through PPO process ~1 year in advance – AAAC: Airline MII approval required for projects over $1M affecting Airline Rates Investment Criteria – EONS Benefit Cost Analysis • Financial Responsibility (E) conomic Viability – Life Cycle Cost per kWh, Impact to Airline Rates, NPV & Rate of Return • Operational Excellence (O) Read the entire page →
From page 134... ... C-60 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy Stakeholders/Partners/Customers • Stakeholders – Internal – Division and departments -> refer to PPO Business Case process – External – Community, Advocacy groups, Emergency Service Providers, Emergency Planners • Partners – Utilities, Public policy (FAA, DOE, PUC, COP) , Airlines, PPP, Military • Customers – Airlines, Tenants, Fuel Consortium, Neighborhoods (off airport) Read the entire page →
From page 135... ... Pilot Airport Renewable Resources Strategies C-61 Framework for Resource Allocation • Years 1-5, continued focus on energy efficiency, ramp up on renewables • Years 6-10, relative parity between energy efficiency and renewables • Years 11-20, changing focus on renewables as cost effectiveness of energy efficiency diminishes • Selection of energy investments to be determined based on cost-effectiveness (~80%) , and resiliency/innovation (~20%) Read the entire page →
From page 136... ... C-62 Guidebook for Developing a Comprehensive Renewable Resources Strategy MEASURING PROGRESS Read the entire page →

From page 75...

... C-1 As part of this effort, the research team sought to apply the methods outlined in this guidebook to three real-world airports -- Charlottesville Albemarle Airport, Dayton International Airport, Portland International Airport -- seeking to develop their own Renewable Resources Strategies. The research team worked with each airport to develop the following strategies, which are included as an illustration of how the principles presented in this guidebook can be applied to airports of differing scales, each with their own constraints, challenges, and opportunities.