Applying Lessons of Optimal Adolescent Health to Improve Behavioral Outcomes for Youth: Public Information-Gathering Session Proceedings of a Workshop-in Brief (2019) / Chapter Skim
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Applying Lessons of Optimal Adolescent Health to Improve Behavioral Outcomes for Youth: Public Information-Gathering Session
Applying Lessons of Optimal Adolescent Health to Improve Behavioral Outcomes for Youth: Public Information-Gathering Session
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This document has been prepared as a factual summary of what occurred at this session, and statements made are those of the panelists or individual meeting participants and do not necessarily represent the views of all meeting participants, the committee, the Board on Children, Youth, and Families, or the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. HEALTH EDUCATION DECISION MAKING IN PUBLIC EDUCATION SYSTEMS The first panel examined the information that public education systems use to select and imple ment health and sexual education programs and initiatives.
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For example, parents may not want for their children to receive sexual health education, which requires outreach to parents to communicate to them the risks of not teaching children about sexual risk behaviors. Robert Mahaffey, executive director of the Rural School and Community Trust, a national nonprofit organization addressing the crucial relationship between good schools and thriving communities, pointed out the particular concerns for rural areas.
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It has proven effective in prevention of substance use, truancy, suicide, and pregnancy, he said, and hopes it will be highlighted by the committee. EFFECTIVE MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION OF ADOLESCENT BEHAVIORS AND BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS The second panel discussed effective elements or components of methods used to measure and evaluate adolescent risk behavior and/or intentions, as well as useful methodologies for identifying effective elements.
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During the public comment period, Risto Marttinen, an assistant professor in health and physical education at George Mason University, encouraged the committee to examine physical activity as a way of preventing risky behaviors in adolescents. Health and physical education 3 For more information, see https://www.integration.samhsa.gov/clinical-practice/sbirt [May 2019]
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Kettrey said that existing reviews of the literature on sexual assault prevention among adolescents and college students reveal a relative dearth of high-quality studies. More studies measured attitudinal outcomes than behavioral outcomes, and those studies that did measure behavioral outcomes produced limited evidence of desirable effects on sexual assault victimization 5
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By treating participants as allies rather than as potential perpetrators or victims, bystander programs can reframe the potentially threatening approach of traditional sexual assault prevention programs. Kettrey and her colleagues recently finished a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of bystander programs among adolescents and college students.
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The second panelist was Irene Ericksen, research analyst at the Institute for Research and Evaluation. She discussed the Teen Pregnancy Prevention Evidence Review, which produced a list of programs that she said had "shown evidence of effectiveness in reducing teen pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and associated sexual risk behaviors." However, Ericksen said, though the evidence review rigorously evaluated and rated study quality, it was less rigorous about the program outcomes that it required as evidence of effectiveness.
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The evidence review of TPP programs found that multiple types of evidence-based programs have impacts on behavioral outcomes. Manlove said that, depending on their needs, communities should have the choice between a variety of programs, including abstinence education, comprehensive sexual education, youth development approaches that may combine educational engagement and sexual and reproductive health, clinic-based approaches, and parent/youth education programs.
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A DISCUSSION WITH YOUTH The fifth and final panel provided an opportunity for three peer-to-peer educators to describe how adolescents obtain information about their health, how youth think health can be developed and supported, and what messages and delivery methods resonate with adolescents. The three panelists were Richard Nukpeta, a rising senior at Old Mill High School in Millersville, Maryland, who works with the Living the Example program at the Mentor Foundation USA; Shayna Shor, a junior behavioral and community health student at the University of Maryland who works as a peer leader at the University Health Center; and Natnael Abate, a senior at Benjamin Banneker High School in Washington, D.C., and a peer educator with Promising Futures.
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Providing youths with accurate and comprehensive sexual education is not enough, Nukpeta added. Many young people feel unable to access the sexual health resources they need.
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COMMITTEE ON APPLYING LESSONS OF OPTIMAL ADOLESCENT HEALTH TO IMPROVE BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES FOR YOUTH: Robert Graham, MD (Chair) , Kansas City, MO; Angela Bryan, Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder; Tammy Chang, Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School; Rosalie Corona, Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University; Tamera Coyne-Beasley, Adolescent Health Center, University of Alabama Birmingham; Bonnie Halpern-Felsher, Department of Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine, Stanford University; Jeffrey Hutchinson, The Wade Alliance, LLC, Austin, TX; Velma McBride Murry, Department of Human and Organizational Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University; Sandra Jo Wilson, Abt Associates, Nashville, TN; Nicole Kahn, Study Director; Richard Adrien, Associate Program Officer; Pamella Atayi, Program Coordinator.
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. Applying Lessons of Optimal Adolescent Health to Improve Behavioral Outcomes for Youth: Public Information Gathering Session: Proceedings of a Workshop -- in Brief.Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
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