Airport Emergency Communications for People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs (2019) / Chapter Skim
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4 On any given day, diverse travelers, airport employees, tenants, airline staff, and members of the public occupy an airport. For most of these people, traditional communications, procedures, and wayfinding methods will be sufficient to help them successfully navigate the airport.
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Understanding Airport Accessibility 5 At many airports, people with DAFN are already working onsite. Involving these individuals throughout the emergency communications planning process -- including the steps outlined in this guidebook -- will improve the ability of emergency planners to determine which strategies are the most effective.
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6 Airport Emergency Communications for People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs Therefore, it is important that the airport make available a variety of aids and services during non-emergency conditions that also can also effectively reach people with DAFN in a timely manner during an emergency. Some examples of aids and services cited in the ADA that could be used to accommodate people with DAFN under emergency conditions include: • Audio recording of emergency information • Information and signage in large print • Information and signage in braille • Screen reader software, magnification software, and optical readers • Qualified interpreters, including sign language interpreters, oral interpreters, cued-speech interpreters, or tactile interpreters • Written materials and emergency signage • Printed script of emergency messages • Assistive listening systems and devices • Open captioning, closed captioning, real-time captioning, and closed caption decoders and devices • Telephone handset amplifiers • Hearing aid compatible telephones • Text telephones (TTYs)
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Understanding Airport Accessibility 7 Source: Texas Council for Developmental Disabilities (2018) Figure 2.
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8 Airport Emergency Communications for People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs that could present issues during an evacuation and determine ways to address these barriers. Doing so helps emergency planners take into account the needs of this segment of the whole community.
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Understanding Airport Accessibility 9 DAFN advisory group plays a vital role in developing an effective emergency communications strategy, conducting the airport needs assessment (detailed in Chapter 3) , evaluating solutions (detailed in Chapter 4)
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10 Airport Emergency Communications for People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs Meeting the needs of people with DAFN through universal design means making spaces functional for everyone, regardless of cognitive, physical, sociocultural, or other characteristics. Because it is not always possible to reconstruct spaces or replace products, people with DAFN and whole-community representatives must evaluate existing and proposed airport spaces, messaging, and communications tools to look for ways they can be improved.
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Understanding Airport Accessibility 11 The implementation of emergency communications through visual means often can be accomplished using existing, off-the-shelf products and technologies with relatively simple modifications. Technologies such as video monitors and electronic notice boards are intuitive to most users, and many travelers will know to look for these resources at the first sign of an emergency, particularly when announcements are inaudible due to alarms or noise.
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12 Airport Emergency Communications for People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs emergency, travelers will look to airport staff for information; therefore, it is important to train employees properly and prepare them to address inquiries effectively. Individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing may not be able to effectively receive verbal messages.
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Understanding Airport Accessibility 13 hands palm forward and fingers up while saying the word "stop." Emergency training for airport staff and volunteers should recommend using gestures that accompany verbal commands to reinforce the message. Several groups can provide human-to-human emergency communications during an incident or emergency.
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14 Airport Emergency Communications for People with Disabilities and Others with Access and Functional Needs Human-to-human communication has the benefit of providing immediate feedback to the message originator so that he or she can be sure the message has been received and properly understood. Some limitations of human-to-human communication during an emergency are those of scope (the number of recipients)
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