The National Academies Press

Currently Skimming:

Pages 41-71

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.

From page 41... ... 41 This study includes five case examples, selected from airports ranging from non-hub to medium-hub airports and representing a broad range of airline upgauging scenarios and operations planning practices. According to the survey, the magnitude of impacts from airline upgauging seems to be relatively limited at large-hub airports compared with other challenges and considerations, especially regarding their long-term planning and capital programming efforts. Read the entire page →
From page 42... ... 42 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging operations to other airports. After a long period of downgauging and loss of service, PIT has decided to bet on innovation and customer experience to change its mission and provide a new type of facility to the airlines and its community. Read the entire page →
From page 43... ... Case Examples 43 Comparison to Socioeconomic Factors (2009–2016) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Read the entire page →
From page 44... ... 44 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging Vision Airlines and Direct Air ended all service to PGD in 2012. Shortly after termination of Direct Air's service to PGD, Allegiant grew its PGD presence from three to seven cities and started basing aircraft at the airport on a full-time basis. Read the entire page →
From page 45... ... Case Examples 45 Skybus's aircraft. The airport, therefore, had to go back to square one and rework its planning/ design effort to build the appropriate facility for Skybus's operations. Read the entire page →
From page 46... ... 46 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging because the recent activity growth at PGD did not fit the FAA model. According to Parish, at that time "the FAA model for small hub or non-hub airports was written in the early '80s and it doesn't really fit an origination/destination type airport. Read the entire page →
From page 47... ... Case Examples 47 instrument landing system (ILS) on the main runway. Read the entire page →
From page 48... ... 48 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging General Aviation Demand Even though this study focused on the challenges associated with rapid growth of commercial aviation at airports, it was noted during the interview that strong GA demand generally compounds those challenges. The airport has to manage development and capital programming priorities to meet the needs of all stakeholders and airport users: airlines, GA users, as well as expectations from the local community. Read the entire page →
From page 49... ... Case Examples 49 in case the actual growth of passenger enplanements and aircraft operations would be greater than the master plan forecast. Relationship/Communication with Airline Partners, FAA, and the Community Airlines Originally, for the Skybus transaction, the airport started negotiations with the airline about 15 months prior to its planned start of service. Read the entire page →
From page 50... ... 50 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging Regarding the National Environmental Policy Act process, the airport master plan effort has included an environmental assessment for the short-term development plan. Some differences have been observed by the airport in the interpretation of the regulations and requirements for an environmental assessment between the airport and the FAA. Read the entire page →
From page 51... ... Airport Characteristics NPIAS Category: Reliever Airport Governance: Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport Authority (PMGAA) Part 139: Yes Number of Operations: 250,778 (2016, source: FAA ATADS) Read the entire page →
From page 52... ... 52 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging Background/Commercial Service at IWA Prior to October 2007, the airport had only air charter service once or twice a month with seasonal traffic. One airline offering charter service, Allegiant, was already in operation. Read the entire page →
From page 53... ... Case Examples 53 efforts are coordinated to promote Spring Training and the Cactus League activities. With the low prices offered by Allegiant, this season is a key factor for the airport to maintain sustainable commercial service in the long term. Read the entire page →
From page 54... ... 54 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging The main impact on the airside from the increase of airline traffic is the need for RON stands. Because most of the flights arrive in the evening and leave in the morning, some extra aircraft parking capacity is needed to support the terminal activity. Read the entire page →
From page 55... ... Case Examples 55 • Phase 1: 1.5 million annual enplanements • Phase 2: 2.2 million annual enplanements • Phase 3: 5.0 million annual enplanements • Phase 4: 10 million annual enplanements Relationship/Communication with Airline Partners In 2007, because it was a new station start-up, Allegiant started negotiations with the airport about 90 days in advance of starting operations. In the past, some other airlines had reached out to the airport with smaller or longer notice periods: 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... 56 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging has a close-by short-term parking lot with 170 spaces that charges on an hourly basis. Parking is an important source of revenue for the airport. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... Case Examples 57 started service in 2005 but stopped its operations in 2009, following the economic recession. The airport did not have any commercial service for the period 2009–2012. Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... 58 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging After the 2008/2009 recession and the decline of commercial service, the county supported the airport, which was operating at a loss. However, even though no more commercial flights were flying at that time, it was extremely important to maintain the security levels at the airport to be ready to accommodate any potential new airline. Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... Case Examples 59 Airside/Airfield Access Reliability No major change on the airside was recently required. The runways have ILS-Cat 1 capability in both directions. Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... 60 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging airline showed that the demand would exceed current capacity. Local funding and the county are supportive. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... Case Examples 61 However, the drop was not a sudden shutdown of operations; it was reasonably slow. It actually took some time for the airport to fully realize that passenger volume was going to keep going down, and that it would have too many facilities at some point. Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... 62 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging • Energy savings in the facilities: lights were turned off for the gates that were not being used often during the day. During off-peak times, conveyance systems that were not used were turned off. Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... Case Examples 63 to provide an additional parking lot for O&D passengers. On the airside, the overall pavement cost was reduced as well, due to the reduction of apron space. Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... 64 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging needed, the use of heavy equipment, and the use of high volumes of glycol. However, it was essential for the airport to stay open at all times, even during snow. Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... Case Examples 65 focus on air service to realize that it might not be the best thing to do. That led to the decision to build a new landside terminal. Read the entire page →
From page 66... ... 66 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging • "Revenue diversification is very important." PIT has unique revenue sources that other medium-size airports may not have, such as gambling revenues from the state and revenues from gas drilling. However, it's always a good practice that helps for the development of the future of the airport. Read the entire page →
From page 67... ... Case Examples 67 Closure Commission) Read the entire page →
From page 68... ... 68 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging For a long time, the airport mostly accommodated import cargo. Therefore, cargo airlines flew to LCK, unloaded their shipment, and traveled to another location to load the aircraft again. Read the entire page →
From page 69... ... Case Examples 69 during the coordination process with the FAA and obtained the FAA authorization only a few days before the first airline started operating its ADG-VI aircraft (B747-8) Read the entire page →
From page 70... ... 70 How Airports Plan for Changing Aircraft Capacity: The Effects of Upgauging Long-Term Planning (Master Plan Effort) • Runway work initially planned as Phase 1 of the ADG-VI compliance program is now included into the new master plan update. Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... Case Examples 71 Planning and Development (Maynard et al. Read the entire page →

From page 41...

... 41 This study includes five case examples, selected from airports ranging from non-hub to medium-hub airports and representing a broad range of airline upgauging scenarios and operations planning practices. According to the survey, the magnitude of impacts from airline upgauging seems to be relatively limited at large-hub airports compared with other challenges and considerations, especially regarding their long-term planning and capital programming efforts.