Review and Update of U.S. Coast Guard Vessel Stability Regulations and Guidance (2019) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 51-70
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The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)
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52 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE to USCG statistics, flooding accounted for almost 12% (or 66 cases) of the 562 reported marine casualties in the passenger vessel fleet in 2017.3 "Flooding" was the third most common casualty for the passenger vessel fleet after "Material Failure/Malfunction" (23.5%)
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STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 53 TABLE 5-1 Potential Options for Updating Subchapter T Stability and Subdivision Requirements Cite Topic Comment Candidate Change PART 178 -- INTACT STABILITY AND SEAWORTHINESS PART 178, Subpart A -- General Provisions 178.115 Applicability to existing vessels Reviewed; no comment PART 178, Subpart B -- Stability Instructions for Operating Personnel 178.210 Stability Information Reviewed; no comment 178.215 Weight of passengers and crew Current wording in paragraph (b) is unclear: "the owner of each vessel must provide the master with the total test weight." "Provide" could be taken to mean the owner must actually furnish test weights to the master Consider changing the word "provide" to the word "inform" … the owner of each vessel must inform provide the master of the total test weight.
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54 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE Cite Topic Comment Candidate Change 178.330 Simplified stability proof test (SST)
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STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 55 Cite Topic Comment Candidate Change PART 179, Subpart B -- Subdivision and Damage Stability Requirements 179.210 Collision bulkheads Reviewed; no comment 179.212 Watertight bulkheads for subdivision and damage stability Guidance about potential openings for propulsion components is unclear or lacking Add provision for watertight bulkheads around potential openings for propulsion components 179.220 Location of watertight bulkheads for subdivision Reviewed; no comment 179.240 Foam flotation material 1. Believe in paragraph (b)
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56 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE when a vessel is intact, (2) standards for survivability when a vessel is intact but in swamped condition, and (3)
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STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 57 either a passenger or wind-heeling moment. The SST does not specify what the minimum upright freeboard should be, apart from the requirement that it not be immersed.
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58 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE BOX 5-1 Examples from the Regulations of Other Countries of Minimum Required Freeboards Australian National Standards for Commercial Vessels Part C Section 6 Subsection 6A -- Intact Stability Requirements Regulation 7.3.3.2.2 -- Specifies a minimum freeboard to the lowest weathertight deck for passenger vessels based on the vessel's length. The minimum required freeboards range from 150 mm (6 in)
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STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 59 Two important features of these regulations are that they (1) require a minimum freeboard measured to either the vessel's deck edge at side or the lowest weathertight deck based on vessel type and (2)
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60 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE Center Review of Rigid Hull Inflatable and Rigid Hull Foam Collar Vessels." This MTN provides USCG-accepted alternative design standards for RHI and RHFC vessels that are considered equivalent to certain regulatory requirements in Subchapter T and Subchapter S The basic swamped criteria format is contained in Box 5-2.
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STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 61 BOX 5-3 Examples of Minimum Survivability Requirements for Small Passenger Vessels from Other Countries Australian National Standards for Commercial Vessels Part C Section 6 Subsection 6B -- Buoyancy and Stability After Flooding Chapter 4 -- Measures to Control Consequences of Swamping Regulation 4.2.1 -- Defines the classes of passenger vessel considered to be at "risk of swamping." In general, they are vessels of less than 6 m (20 ft) and those vessels between 6 m (20 ft)
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62 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE Swamped Survivability from Permanent Flooding of Open Passenger Vessels For the open type small passenger vessels, swamped survivability standards would need to achieve the following goals.
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STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 63 1. The vessel will remain upright with sufficient residual stability to meet a.
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64 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE of a boarding wave is less and the amount of water boarding would also be reduced. Consequently, it may be appropriate to reduce the amount of water assumed trapped in the vessel when assessing the vessel's swamped survivability, such as by assuming the vessel is only half full of water.
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From page 65... ...
STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 65 relevance to small passenger vessels due to the large number of seawater connection points that can be found on such vessels. These connections include • Seawater supply for fire pumps • Seawater cooling water supply for main engines, generators, and air conditioning units • Seawater supply for deck washdown • Propeller shaft seals or stuffing boxes • Rudder stock seals or stuffing boxes • Stern drive and sail drive sealing boots • Nonintegral engine and air conditioning keel coolers • Depth sounders and fish locating sonar transducers • Stabilizer fins • Retractable or movable keels on sailboats Due in part to the corrosive nature of seawater, potential failures of these connections can arise from conditions such as seawater pipe hull connection fractures, internal wastage of the pipes and fittings, and degradation of flexible hoses and hose connections.
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66 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE between the inboard engine and the external propulsor. As with a propeller shaft or rudder stock penetration failure, the failure of a stern drive boot can create a large opening in the vessel's watertight envelope for which there is currently no required means to isolate the failure point to prevent the loss of the vessel.
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From page 67... ...
STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 67 • Seawater cooled engines: In this situation the engine could be contained inside longitudinal and/or transverse watertight bulkheads high enough to contain the potential flooding of the local space containing the engine(s) under normal operating drafts and trims with a small margin.
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68 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE A Note About Dynamic Instabilities of High-Speed Craft High-speed, dynamically supported craft, such as air-cushion vehicles and hydrofoil boats, have been shown to exhibit various types of instabilities (see Cohen and Blount 1988, Table 1) that are not currently addressed in USCG regulations.
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From page 69... ...
STABILITY REGULATIONS OUTSIDE OF SUBCHAPTER S 69 committee found that the existing Subchapter T standards reflect the current best practices for the domestic passenger vessels covered, and that the transition between when a vessel can use the simplified intact stability tests and the simplified subdivision calculations (as opposed to the stability standards in 46 CFR Subchapter S) is adequately reasoned.
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