The National Academies Press

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Pages 39-54

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From page 39... ... 39 As presented in Chapter 2, the state of the practice of TIM has advanced over the past decade through multiple approaches, including the development and implementation of the National TIM Responder Training Program, legislation, quick-clearance policies, TIM committees, and multi-agency operating agreements. The resulting improvements in responder safety and effectiveness, combined with the use of TIM-related data, have positioned TIM to make another step forward. Read the entire page →
From page 40... ... 40 Leveraging Big Data to Improve Traffic Incident Management 4.1 Improve On-Scene Management Practices Big Data provides opportunities to examine existing TIM strategies and practices, and to consider how factors such as training, responder experience, and response discipline affect response efficiency (e.g., data could point to superior procedures among responder disciplines) Read the entire page →
From page 41... ... Big Data and TIM 41 FHWA wanted to assess how effective the training had been in reducing roadway and incident clearance times and secondary crashes. Question How effective has the National TIM Responder Training Program been in reducing roadway and incident clearance times and secondary crashes? Read the entire page →
From page 42... ... 42 Leveraging Big Data to Improve Traffic Incident Management Therefore, rather than conduct a single geographically and temporally bound study that represents a single snapshot in time, the Big Data approach would be to perform the analysis regularly (e.g., weekly or monthly) to account for the arrival of new data and to identify trends and highlight outliers for further inspection. Read the entire page →
From page 43... ... Big Data and TIM 43 20-year old crime trends, calls for service, and staffing levels, and needed to be updated to reflect existing conditions (Matrix 2014) Read the entire page →
From page 44... ... 44 Leveraging Big Data to Improve Traffic Incident Management Big Data Approach/Opportunity The traditional approach applied to update the patrol beat structure was resource intensive (town hall meetings, interviews, surveys) and resulted in a limited (manageable) Read the entire page →
From page 45... ... Big Data and TIM 45 Example: Florida DOT "Move Over" Study To mitigate the risk to responders at incident scenes, every state has implemented a law that requires drivers to move over or slow down when approaching a patrol vehicle that has stopped at the roadside. The Florida DOT conducted a study to determine the effectiveness of the "Move Over" law in Florida. Read the entire page →
From page 46... ... 46 Leveraging Big Data to Improve Traffic Incident Management police enforcement activities; vehicle telematics data (from passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, and police fleet vehicles) including time of day, location, speed, lateral position, specification of response vehicles, active emergency lighting configurations at stops, and so forth; roadway inventory data like roadway classification, number of lanes, and horizontal and vertical curvature; and weather data. Read the entire page →
From page 47... ... Big Data and TIM 47 Traditional Approach The C.R.A.S.H. program developed by the Tennessee Highway Patrol (THP) Read the entire page →
From page 48... ... 48 Leveraging Big Data to Improve Traffic Incident Management replaced by a newly developed model. Read the entire page →
From page 49... ... Source: Oregon DOT (2018) ; used by permission Figure 4-5. Read the entire page →
From page 50... ... 50 Leveraging Big Data to Improve Traffic Incident Management Big Data Approach/Opportunity A Big Data approach to this question would be to leverage a variety of data sources to automatically identify the factors (and combinations of factors) that lead to extended clearance times. Read the entire page →
From page 51... ... Big Data and TIM 51 would provide a complete description of the incident/response (e.g., type, location, vehicles, injuries, responders, actions taken, timestamps) Read the entire page →
From page 52... ... Source: FHWA (Ma and Lochrane 2015) Figure 4-7. Read the entire page →
From page 53... ... Big Data and TIM 53 directly. Moreover, as was stated in the January 2016 report, all possible incident simulation combinations (of number of lanes, grade, free-flow speed, traffic volume and composition, number of lanes blocked, and ranges of incident duration) Read the entire page →
From page 54... ... 54 Leveraging Big Data to Improve Traffic Incident Management are collected and analyzed, results can be extrapolated to areas where they might not apply. Experiments, models, and data collection and analysis methods often are driven by budget limitations or by the limitations of the data, software, or computing capabilities at hand. Read the entire page →

From page 39...

... 39 As presented in Chapter 2, the state of the practice of TIM has advanced over the past decade through multiple approaches, including the development and implementation of the National TIM Responder Training Program, legislation, quick-clearance policies, TIM committees, and multi-agency operating agreements. The resulting improvements in responder safety and effectiveness, combined with the use of TIM-related data, have positioned TIM to make another step forward.