Advanced Technologies for Gas Turbines (2020) / Chapter Skim
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4 Additional Considerations
4 Additional Considerations
Pages 101-108
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From page 101... ...
, the Department of Energy (DOE) has defined technology readiness levels (TRLs)
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From page 102... ...
Examples include testing full demonstrated in scale prototype in the field with a range of simulants in cold commissioning.a relevant environment Supporting information includes results from the full-scale testing and analysis of the differences between the test environment, and analysis of what the experimental results mean for the eventual operating system/environment. Final design is virtually complete.
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From page 103... ...
characteristic proof Examples include components that are not yet integrated or representative of concept tested with simulants.a Supporting information includes results of laboratory tests performed to measure parameters of interest and comparison to analytical predictions for critical subsystems. At TRL 3 the work has moved beyond the paper phase to experimental work that verifies that the concept works as expected on simulants.
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From page 104... ...
Gas Turbines in Pipeline Applications 10.1 Efficiency of Pipeline Gas Turbines Under Partial Load TRL 3 to TRL 7 10.2 Safe Operation of Gas Turbines in Pipeline Applications with Hydrogen Fuels TRL 3 to TRL 8a a TRL 8 is achievable for fuel mixtures with up to 50 percent hydrogen. For fuel mixtures substantially in excess of 50 percent hydrogen, TRL 6 is a more realistic goal.
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From page 105... ...
Structural Materials and Coatings 2.1 CMC Performance and X X X O Affordability 2.2 Physics-Based Lifing O O X O X Models 2.3 Advanced Alloy X X X Technologies 3. Additive Manufacturing for Gas Turbines 3.1 Integrated Design and X X Additive Manufacturing 3.2 Additive Manufacturing X O X X of High-Temperature Structural Materials 3.3 Integration of Sensors, X O O X X Machine Learning, and Process Analytics 4.
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From page 106... ...
Digital Twins and Their Supporting Infrastructure 9.1 Digital Twins and the O X O Digital Thread 10. Gas Turbines in Pipeline Applications 10.1 Efficiency of Pipeline O X X X Gas Turbines under Partial Load 10.2 Safe Operation of X X X Gas Turbines in Pipeline Applications with Hydrogen Fuels NOTE: Goals in green are most closely related to efficiency, and the goals in blue are most closely related to fuel flexibility.
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From page 107... ...
Gas turbine development may need to follow the same trends to remain competitive over the long term. Advanced development processes to incorporate new methodologies and technologies to reduce research portfolio risks, improve agility, and develop an environment of fast prototyping are required to increase the speed of gas turbine product innovation.1 Accelerating the development process will involve investing in risky research programs.
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From page 108... ...
The expanded suite of gas turbines, supported by their digital twins, will operate predictably over their lifetimes with extended overhaul and maintenance cycles that maximize operational capabilities. Investment at the present is critically important, as those organizations that integrate and leverage emerging computational, experimental, informatics, and additive manufacturing approaches will be the future industry leaders.
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