Technical Appendix to Air Demand in a Dynamic Competitive Context with the Automobile (2019) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 89-97
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From page 90... ...
90 FIGURE 9-1: CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM OF STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS MODEL THE LATENT FACTORS DEVELOPED IN THE MODEL Using the application of factor analysis and the published literature in this area, four latent factors were developed to represent preferences on issues with a longer-term time frame than those concerning the evaluation of a transit trip and its attributes, shown in Figure 9-2. The three categories here have been developed and applied in other CRP studies including NCRRP Report 4: Intercity Passenger Rail in the Context of Dynamic Travel Markets.11 11 RSG, M
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From page 92... ...
92 FIGURE 9-3: SEVEN SHORTER-TERM ATTITUDES ABOUT THE TRIP AND THE MODES Shorter-Term Attitudes about the Trip Seven latent factors were created in the model to reflect shorter-term attitudes and trip conditions. A total of 19 variables were used in development of the seven latent factors.
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From page 93... ...
93 attitudinal questions are similar to how "Attitude Toward the Behavior" in the Theory of Planned Behavior is usually operationalized. This Latent Factor was created from three observed variables, two of which concerned the unpleasantness of the drive, and one about the level of uncertainly associated with it.
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From page 94... ...
94 "The standardized total (direct and indirect) effect of Auto Orientation on Car Chosen is .449.
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From page 95... ...
95 FIGURE 9-4: TOTAL EFFECT ON MODE CHOICE, RANK ORDERED BY THEIR ABSOLUTE VALUES Interpreting the SEM format The data in Table 9-1 can be interpreted in several ways. While the STE is usually expressed in the scale of a 100% increase in the independent factor, a more realistic interpretation can be stated in terms of a 10% increase in the independent factor.
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From page 96... ...
96 shows that attitudes toward the auto are more nuanced: survey responses about one's love for the freedom and independence from auto ownership emerge as strong factors in the explanation of variance in mode share. At the same time, statements that long trips are unpleasant are part of a factor with strong negative explanatory power.
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From page 97... ...
97 TABLE 9-2: UNSTANDARDIZED AND STANDARDIZED COEFFICIENTS IN THE SEM Standardized Estimate S.E. P Estimate Air Trip Stressful <‐‐‐ Auto Orientation 0.493 0.035 *
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