Proposed Modifications to AASHTO Culvert Load Rating Specifications (2019) / Chapter Skim
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3 C H A P T E R 2 Research Approach The objective was accomplished by Surveying the DOTs for current culvert practices and issues related to culvert rating. Contacting states via telephone who agreed to talk to us.
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4 The effects of fill depth on live load. The effects of haunches on reinforced concrete culvert analysis.
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5 CONTECH and BigR Bridge were able to provide design calculation and structure modeling information helpful to the research effort. Pennsylvania (DOT and County)
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6 Table 1 – Field Testing Matrix (Selected culverts are highlighted) Model Structure Type Desired Features Span (ft)
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7 Executing the Field Testing Program The field testing program drafted in the first phase and finalized in the second phase of this project was implemented. The following sections provide details of the field testing program.
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8 is shown in Figure 1. In the case of Model 7 where testing was performed in two phases (before and after paving)
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9 Figure 2 – M1C1 Load Line on Roadway
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10 Model 1 – Field Test - Reinforced Concrete Box – Single Cell (M1C1) This section summarizes general information related to the field testing for Model 1, a 25 foot single cell reinforced concrete box culvert with less than 1 foot of cover.
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11 Figure 4 – Model 1, Candidate 1 (M1C1) – Plan and Typical Section
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12 Figure 5 – M1C1 Load Testing
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13 Model 2 – Field Test - Reinforced Concrete Box –Twin Cell (M2C1) This section summarizes general information related to the field testing for Model 2, a twin cell (10 foot each)
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14 Figure 7 – Model 2, Candidate 1 (M2C1) – Plan and Typical Section
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15 Figure 8 – M2C1 Culvert Instrumentation Figure 9 – M2C1 Load Testing
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16 Model 3 – Field Test - Reinforced Concrete Box – Single Cell – Precast (M3C1) This section summarizes general information related to the field testing for Model 3, a 12' single cell, precast reinforced concrete box culvert with 1' of fill.
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17 Figure 11 – Model 3, Candidate 1 (M3C1) – Plan and Typical Section
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18 Figure 12 – M3C1 Culvert Instrumentation Figure 13 – M3C1 Load Testing
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19 Model 4 – Field Test - Reinforced Concrete Arch (M4C1) This section summarizes general information related to the field testing for Model 4, a 36 foot precast reinforced concrete arch with 1 foot of fill.
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20 Figure 15 – Model 4, Candidate 1 (M4C1) – Plan and Typical Section
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21 Figure 16 – M4C1 Culvert Instrumentation/ Load Line
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22 Figure 17 – M4C1 Load Testing
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23 Model 5 – Field Test - Metal Arch (M5C1) This section summarizes general information related to the field testing for Model 5, a 23 foot metal corrugated arch.
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24 Figure 19 – Model 5, Candidate 1 (M5C1) – Plan and Typical Section
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25 Figure 20 – M5C1 Culvert Instrumentation/ Load Line
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26 Figure 21 – M5C1 Load Testing
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27 Model 6 – Field Test - Metal Box Arch (M6C2) This section summarizes general information related to the field testing for Model 6, a 19 foot metal corrugated box arch.
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28 Figure 23 – Model 6, Candidate 1 (M6C1) – Plan and Typical Section
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29 Figure 24 – M6C2 Culvert Instrumentation
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30 Figure 25 – M6C2 Load Testing/Load Line
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31 Model 7 – Field Test - Metal Box Arch (M7C1) This section summarizes general information related to the field testing for Model 7, a 56.5 foot long span metal corrugated box arch with 2 foot of fill.
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32 Figure 27 – Model 7, Candidate 1 (M7C1) – Plan and Typical Section
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33 Figure 28 – M7C1 Culvert Instrumentation
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34 Figure 29 – M7C1 Load Testing/Load Line
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35 Development of Analysis Testing Plan The analysis testing plan for this research project was developed concurrently with the field testing plan for this project. As mentioned in the field testing section, the ability to analyze the proposed structures was necessary to compare the analytical results with those of the field testing.
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36 Option 3 – This option creates the boundary conditions to simulate a moving live load. It is applicable to any existing level 3 input file that has a continuous horizontal soil surface above the culvert wherein the soil surface may be paved or unpaved.
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37 Step 2 – Generate the level 3 model from the level 2 model To facilitate a useful model for this project, the CANDE Tool Box converts a level 2 model into a level 3 model so that it can be analyzed for live load. For a full definition of level 3 models, refer to the CANDE User Manual.
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38 Figure 32 – CANDE Mesh Generation Options The options shown in Figure 32 allow for the subdivision of CANDE elements of the model generated in Step 2, to a more refined mesh. The outcome is shown in Figure 33.
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39 model. Once the analysis is performed, the results can be post-processed using the CANDE Tool Box to produce a rating factor.
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40 Figure 36 – Model with 5' Fill Depth Step 6 – Modify the model to include pavement elements The CANDE Tool Box has the capability to add pavement elements to the model, so that the same model can be analyzed with and without the effects of the pavement. Each model was tested using this option.
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41 Figure 37 – Getting Critical Rating Information from the BrDR Regression Data In addition, extraction of the RTU data allowed for the review of the effects on specifications before and after recommendations. A simple data mining function was added to the regression test utility that allows for data to be presented in different forms (e.g.
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42 Figure 38 – Data Mining Using the BrDR Regression Tool – Getting Critical Data and Corresponding Values The RT used BrR models provided by Caltrans during the survey portion of this research and obtained a final set of the culvert models that were used to regression test the specification changes described in Chapters 3 and 4. The regression tool with the data mining option was during this research for helping to identify areas of the specification for potential review.
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