Incorporating Roadway Access Management into Local Ordinances (2020) / Chapter Skim
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10 This chapter summarizes common themes and elements of effective local access management ordinances and state and local collaborative initiatives as identified in the literature. The literature review examines these topics through a review of (1)
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Literature Review 11 uniformity in the decision-making process (avoids inconsistent decisions undermining enforcement over time)
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12 Incorporating Roadway Access Management into Local Ordinances Policies in local comprehensive plans establish the legal and policy foundation for implementing access management. In determining the validity of local regulatory actions, for example, courts typically review whether the action is consistent with a local comprehensive plan (Williams and Forester, 1996)
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Literature Review 13 An overlay concept for developing corridors freezes the number of connections on a designated corridor to one per existing parcel having a single tax code number at the date of the amendment (Williams et al., 1990)
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14 Incorporating Roadway Access Management into Local Ordinances subdivision plat. A separate agreement, approved by the local governments, states the responsibilities for construction and maintenance, the driveway's use for entering into and departing the properties, and prohibiting encroachments.
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Literature Review 15 Clear written procedures for considering deviations from access management standards help to promote fair and consistent decisions. NCHRP Synthesis 304 states that allowing minor deviations to be decided by administrative staff streamlines and provides flexibility for these determinations.
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16 Incorporating Roadway Access Management into Local Ordinances Chapter 3 of the synthesis provides examples obtained from the scanning survey of how state transportation agencies are strengthening coordination with local governments on access management. Cooperative Agreements and Resolutions NCHRP Synthesis 337 states that the need to formalize cooperation on land use and corridor management has led many state transportation agencies to enter cooperative agreements with local governments (Williams, 2004, p.
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Literature Review 17 • An intergovernmental agreement (IGA) is a binding contract that creates legal rights and obligations between parties.
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18 Incorporating Roadway Access Management into Local Ordinances Form-Based Codes Form-based codes are also gaining in popularity in contemporary practice. These unified development codes address all aspects of land development from land use to building form and mass, to the scale and type of streets and blocks.
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Literature Review 19 require access management treatments and controls to improve safety and accessibility to land uses and transit facilities. Bus transit benefits from internal access to certain developments and careful location and placement of transit access to minimize modal conflicts.
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20 Incorporating Roadway Access Management into Local Ordinances Section 13 Pedestrian and Bicycle Access 1) Subdivision and development plans shall employ site design strategies and bicycle/pedestrian access ways that seek to shorten walking distances and increase accessibility between residential areas and surrounding destinations, such as community facilities, transportation options, and employment centers.
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Literature Review 21 Figure 2. Building placement for ease of pedestrian access.
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