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From page 41... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 33 4 Measurement Campaign Introduction Measurements were conducted between November 2017 and April 2019 to collect acoustic data during the operation of the Antares 230, Falcon 9, Delta IV Heavy, and Falcon Heavy rockets for the missions described in Table 2. These measurements were designed to follow the community noise measurement protocol provided in Section 3. Read the entire page →
From page 42... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 34 The following sections summarize the data collection and products associated with the measurement campaign.  A description of the instrumentation used to collect acoustic and weather data during the measurement campaign is provided in Section 4.2. Read the entire page →
From page 43... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 35 Acoustic Pressure Sensors Class 1 precision microphones from GRAS Sound & Vibration A/S (GRAS) and PCB Electronics (PCB) Read the entire page →
From page 44... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 36 Figure 14. Three types of microphone windscreens. Read the entire page →
From page 45... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 37 Data Recorders The pressure fluctuations incident on the microphones are digitized via dynamic signal acquisition (DSA) recorders. Read the entire page →
From page 46... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 38 Figure 15. NI CompactDAQ system with LabVIEW interface. Read the entire page →
From page 47... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 39 4.2.2 Weather data acquisition Two types of weather sensors were used for obtaining meteorological conditions during launch and landing events: Kestrel 4500BT and Onset USB Microstation. The specifications of the weather sensors are presented in Table 6, and photographs are shown in Figure 16. Read the entire page →
From page 48... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 40 Measurement Documentation The ACRP 02-81 measurement campaign followed the guidelines for conducting community and near-field measurements of commercial space operations propulsion noise and sonic booms as detailed in the community noise measurement protocol provided in Section 3. Our team used advanced measurement techniques and state-of-the-art instrumentation to successfully measure the acoustic environments from the four vehicles shown in Figure 17:  Orbital ATK Antares 230, which will help represent medium-class rockets within the database;  SpaceX Falcon 9, which has the highest launch cadence of any currently operational launch vehicle and will help represent medium-heavy-class rockets within the database;  United Launch Alliance (ULA) Read the entire page →
From page 49... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 41 Table 7 presents a summary of the vehicle, engine, and mission parameters of each of the four tests. The vehicle and engine parameters are from FAA's Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation [13] Read the entire page →
From page 50... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 42 Measurement sites were selected to lie along two primary radials that were approximately perpendicular and directly opposite of the nominal launch (or landing) trajectory heading. Read the entire page →
From page 51... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 43 4.3.1 Orbital ATK Antares 230, OA-8E Event Description The Orbital ATK Antares 230 rocket lifted off at 7:19:51 AM EST from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS) Pad 0A on 12 November 2017 (Figure 18) Read the entire page →
From page 52... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 44 Figure 19. Antares 230 vehicle [13] Read the entire page →
From page 53... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 45 Measurement Layout Acoustic measurements were conducted at 19 unique locations in and around NASA Wallops as shown in Figure 21. Measurement site details are presented in Table 9, including each site's name, relation to the launch pad, and coordinates. Read the entire page →
From page 54... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 46 Table 9. Acoustic Measurement Site Name and Location Descriptions for the Orbital ATK Antares 230, OA-8E Event Location Name Short Name Distance, km Bearing† Latitude‡ Longitude‡ Z-65 Z65 0.2 35° 37.835345° -75.486381° X-5 X05 1.0 36° 37.840820° -75.481336° UAV Runway UAV 1.1 218° 37.826428° -75.495126° South Beach Dune SBDUNE 1.9 219° 37.820683° -75.501097° Scout Pad SCTPAD 2.0 40° 37.847750° -75.473186° Seawall and Bypass BYPASS 2.8 40° 37.853528° -75.466900° Arbuckle Neck Road ARBNRD 2.8 304° 37.847604° -75.513816° Old Ferry Dock OFDOCK 3.5 287° 37.842901° -75.525762° V-26 V26 4.1 42° 37.861164° -75.457009° Bogues Bay BOGBAY 4.4 347° 37.872318° -75.498566° Pettit-Metompkin Road PTMTRD 4.9 285° 37.845622° -75.541762° North Beach Trail NBTRL 6.0 44° 37.872463° -75.440344° Kegotank Elementary School KEGOES 7.2 291° 37.856671° -75.564653° MARS UAS Strip UAS 7.3 42° 37.882829° -75.432673° Atlantic Virginia Fire Co ATLVFC 7.6 348° 37.900910° -75.506361° Nelsonia NLSNIA 7.8 259° 37.820322° -75.574346° Glenn Drive GLNDR 9.1 227° 37.777968° -75.563321° Bethel Church Road BETHRD 10.0 286° 37.859039° -75.596609° Chincoteague CHNCTG 19.1 44° 37.957447° -75.336684° † Bearing is the angle in degrees (clockwise) Read the entire page →
From page 55... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 47 Figure 22. Orbital ATK Antares 230, OA-8E photos of measurement sites with NI CompactDAQ and/or PXI systems. Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 48 Figure 23. Orbital ATK Antares 230, OA-8E photos of measurement sites with SLM's. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 49 Acoustic Data Summary A summary of the acoustic data collected during the Orbital ATK Antares 230 OA-8E launch event is presented in Table 10. The table is ordered according to the measurement site's distance from the launch pad (closest to farthest) Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 50 Location Name Distance, km Channel Number Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Max Leq,1s SEL dB dBC dBA dB dBC dBA Arbuckle Neck Road (PXI) Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 51 Location Name Distance, km Channel Number Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Max Leq,1s SEL dB dBC dBA dB dBC dBA Glenn Drive 9.1 44 LD-LxT PCB 377B20 1.5 [Sky] Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 52 Weather Data Summary To document the weather conditions during the launch event, surface and atmospheric weather data were collected. Surface weather stations were set up by BRRC at three of the acoustic measurement sites to collect wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 53 4.3.2 SpaceX Falcon 9, CRS-15 Event Description On Friday, 29 June 2018, a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket successfully launched its fifteenth Commercial Resupply Services mission (CRS-15) at 5:42:42 AM EDT from Space Launch Complex 40 (SLC-40) Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 54 Figure 26. Falcon 9 vehicle and engine configuration [14] Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 55 Measurement Layout Acoustic measurements were conducted at 14 unique locations within NASA Kennedy Space Center's (KSC's) boundaries as shown in Figure 28. Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 56 Table 13. Acoustic Measurement Site Name and Location Descriptions for the SpaceX Falcon 9, CRS-15 Event Location Name Short Name Distance, km Bearing† Latitude‡ Longitude‡ Pump House 7 PUMP7 1.3 354° 28.573337° -80.578487° SLC-41 SLC41 2.1 348° 28.580360° -80.581598° UCS 15 UCS15 3.4 300° 28.577783° -80.607428° E Schwartz Rd ESCHWZ 3.9 271° 28.562952° -80.616562° UCS 12 UCS12 4.5 345° 28.601405° -80.589032° Static Test Viewing Site STATVS 5.1 229° 28.532226° -80.616653° KSC Landfill LNDFIL 5.5 271° 28.563036° -80.633810° LC-39A LC39A 5.9 338° 28.611410° -80.599396° NASA Causeway CSWY 7.0 190° 28.499815° -80.589733° W Schwartz Rd WSCHWZ 7.8 271° 28.563123° -80.656773° LC-39B LC39B 7.9 330° 28.624153° -80.617465° 10th St & Banana River Dr 10THST 8.0 222° 28.508350° -80.632497° UCS 4 UCS04 9.6 333° 28.639239° -80.621687° UCS 1 UCS01 13.2 215° 28.464221° -80.653947° † Bearing is the angle in degrees (clockwise) Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 57 Figure 29. SpaceX Falcon 9, CRS-15 photos of measurement sites with NI CompactDAQ systems. Read the entire page →
From page 66... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 58 Figure 30. SpaceX Falcon 9, CRS-15 photos of measurement sites with SLM's. Read the entire page →
From page 67... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 59 Acoustic Data Summary A summary of the acoustic data collected during the SpaceX Falcon 9 CRS-15 launch event is presented in Table 14. The table is ordered according to the measurement site's distance from the launch pad (closest to farthest) Read the entire page →
From page 68... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 60 Location Name Distance, km Channel Number Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Max Leq,1s SEL dB dBC dBA dB dBC dBA NASA Causeway 7.0 20 NI-9234 PCB 377B11 0.0 [Inverted] Read the entire page →
From page 69... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 61 Weather Data Summary To document the weather conditions during the launch event, surface and atmospheric weather data were collected. Surface weather stations were set up by BRRC at three of the acoustic measurement sites to collect wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Read the entire page →
From page 70... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 62 4.3.3 ULA Delta IV Heavy, Parker Solar Probe Event Description The United Launch Alliance (ULA) Delta IV Heavy successfully launched NASA's Parker Solar Probe on its mission to "touch the Sun" on Sunday, 12 August 2018 at 3:31 AM EDT from Space Launch Complex 37B (SLC-37B) Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 63 Figure 33. Delta IV Heavy vehicle [13] Read the entire page →
From page 72... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 64 Measurement Layout Acoustic measurements were conducted at 19 unique locations in and around KSC and CCAFS as shown in Figure 35. Measurement site details are presented in Table 17, including each site's name, relation to the launch pad, and coordinates. Read the entire page →
From page 73... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 65 Table 17. Acoustic Measurement Site Name and Location Descriptions for the ULA Delta IV Heavy, Parker Solar Probe Event Location Name Short Name Distance, km Bearing† Latitude‡ Longitude‡ SLC-37B SLC37B 0.3 207° 28.528379° -80.566097° SLC-34 SLC34 1.0 161° 28.522363° -80.561071° CCAFS Bldg 42910 B42910 1.0 280° 28.532887° -80.574938° SLC-47 SLC47 2.0 354° 28.548955° -80.566445° SLC-20 SLC20 2.3 160° 28.512047° -80.556626° Titan III & Loop Rd TITAN 2.8 280° 28.535545° -80.592512° UCS 8 UCS08 4.1 351° 28.567961° -80.570709° SLC-15 SLC15 4.2 159° 28.496194° -80.549313° Static Test Viewing Site STATVS 5.1 271° 28.532283° -80.616676° SLC-41 SLC41 5.8 343° 28.580984° -80.581455° SLC-12 SLC12 5.9 160° 28.481464° -80.543795° E Schwartz Rd ESCHWZ 6.0 306° 28.562881° -80.614317° PAMS PAMS 7.7 276° 28.538642° -80.642370° SLC-1 SLC01 7.9 158° 28.464818° -80.534654° UCS 12 UCS12 8.2 343° 28.601496° -80.589087° SLC-46 SLC46 9.3 157° 28.453736° -80.528537° LC-39A LC39A 9.5 339° 28.611472° -80.599418° CCF Area CCF 9.7 311° 28.589206° -80.639222° † Bearing is the angle in degrees (clockwise) Read the entire page →
From page 74... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 66 Figure 36. ULA Delta IV Heavy, Parker Solar Probe photos of measurement sites with NI CompactDAQ systems. Read the entire page →
From page 75... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 67 Figure 37. ULA Delta IV Heavy, Parker Solar Probe photos of measurement sites with SLM's. Read the entire page →
From page 76... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 68 Acoustic Data Summary A summary of the acoustic data collected during the ULA Delta IV Heavy Parker Solar Probe launch event is presented in Table 18. The table is ordered according to the measurement site's distance from the launch pad (closest to farthest) Read the entire page →
From page 77... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 69 Location Name Distance, km Channel Number Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Max Leq,1s SEL dB dBC dBA dB dBC dBA Static Test Viewing Site 5.1 20 LD-LxT PCB 377B20 0.0 [Inverted] Read the entire page →
From page 78... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 70 Weather Data Summary To document the weather conditions during the launch event, surface and atmospheric weather data were collected. Surface weather stations were set up by BRRC at two of the acoustic measurement sites to collect wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Read the entire page →
From page 79... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 71 4.3.4 SpaceX Falcon Heavy, Arabsat-6A Event Description The SpaceX Falcon Heavy launched the Arabsat-6A satellite from Launch Complex 39A (LC-39A) at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida on Thursday, 11 April 2019 at 6:35 PM EDT (Figure 39) Read the entire page →
From page 80... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 72 Figure 40. Falcon Heavy vehicle [18] Read the entire page →
From page 81... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 73 Measurement Layout Acoustic measurements were conducted at 24 unique locations in and around KSC and CCAFS as shown in Figure 42. Measurement site details are presented in Table 21, including each site's name, relation to the launch and landing pads, and coordinates. Read the entire page →
From page 82... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 74 Table 21. Acoustic Measurement Site Name and Location Descriptions for the SpaceX Falcon Heavy, Arabsat-6A Event Location Name Measured From LC-39A Measured From LZ-1 & LZ-2 Short Name Distance, km Bearing† Distance, km Bearing† Latitude‡ Longitude‡ LC-39A LC39A 0.5 280° 15.0 334° 28.609287° -80.609112° UCS 12 UCS12 1.6 118° 13.5 340° 28.601687° -80.589271° LC-39B Access Rd East LC39B 2.0 325° 16.7 335° 28.623571° -80.615960° UCS 17 UCS17 3.6 258° 15.9 323° 28.601875° -80.640187° UCS 4 UCS04 3.8 333° 18.5 335° 28.639249° -80.621671° UCS 3 UCS03 4.7 141° 10.3 343° 28.575479° -80.573936° SLC-40 SLC40 6.1 153° 8.6 338° 28.559349° -80.575875° K6-1847 K61847 6.1 229° 14.2 312° 28.573088° -80.651240° UCS 6 UCS06 6.4 270° 18.3 317° 28.608593° -80.669146° UCS 9 UCS09 7.0 331° 21.7 334° 28.663510° -80.638880° EFMN EFMN 7.5 151° 7.3 341° 28.549154° -80.566572° A Ave NE AAVENE 8.0 227° 14.3 304° 28.559119° -80.663940° SLF Center Point SLF 8.4 274° 20.1 314° 28.614163° -80.689413° Patrol Road PTRLRD 8.9 171° 6.6 315° 28.528929° -80.590863° LC-34 LC34 10.4 156° 4.3 336° 28.522239° -80.561213° DOAMS DOAMS 12.2 329° 26.9 333° 28.702713° -80.668760° Community Park CMPARK 13.8 172° 4.1 267° 28.485278° -80.585416° SLC-14 SLC14 14.3 157° 0.5 310° 28.489929° -80.547377° Central Control Rd CTRLRD 14.6 164° 2.0 255° 28.482246° -80.562717° Skid Strip SKID 16.3 164° 2.6 215° 28.467324° -80.558768° SLC-46 SLC46 18.7 156° 3.9 158° 28.453713° -80.528408° SLC-30 SLC30 18.7 173° 6.2 215° 28.441195° -80.580311° SLC-29 SLC29 20.0 175° 7.6 213° 28.428936° -80.585622° NOTU Port NOTU 21.4 179° 9.8 215° 28.415089° -80.601067° † Bearing is the angle in degrees (clockwise) Read the entire page →
From page 83... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 75 Figure 43. SpaceX Falcon Heavy, Arabsat-6A photos of measurement sites with NI CompactDAQ systems. Read the entire page →
From page 84... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 76 Figure 44. SpaceX Falcon Heavy, Arabsat-6A photos of measurement sites with SLM's. Read the entire page →
From page 85... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 77 Acoustic Data Summary A summary of the acoustic data collected during the SpaceX Falcon Heavy Arabsat-6A event is presented in Table 22 through Table 24. The Falcon Heavy mission includes three separate acoustic events: launch propulsion noise, landing sonic booms, and landing propulsion noise. Read the entire page →
From page 86... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 78 Table 22. SpaceX Falcon Heavy, Arabsat-6A Acoustic Data Summary of Launch Propulsion Noise Event Location Name Distance, km Channel Number Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Read the entire page →
From page 87... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 79 Location Name Distance, km Channel Number Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Max Leq,1s SEL dB dBC dBA dB dBC dBA SLF Center Point 8.4 27 LD-831 PCB 377B02 0.0 [Inverted] Read the entire page →
From page 88... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 80 Table 23. SpaceX Falcon Heavy, Arabsat-6A Acoustic Data Summary of Landing Propulsion Noise Event Location Name Distance, km Global Channel Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Read the entire page →
From page 89... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 81 Location Name Distance, km Global Channel Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Max OASPL SEL dB dBC dBA dB dBC dBA SLC-40 8.6 20 LD-LxT PCB 377B02 0.0 [Inverted] Read the entire page →
From page 90... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 82 Location Name Distance, km Global Channel Recorder Model Microphone Model Height, m [orientation] Max OASPL SEL dB dBC dBA dB dBC dBA UCS 9 21.7 23 LD-LxT PCB 377B20 0.0 [Inverted] Read the entire page →
From page 91... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 83 Weather Data Summary To document the weather conditions during the launch and landing events, surface and atmospheric weather data were collected. Surface weather stations were set up by BRRC at four of the acoustic measurement sites to collect wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Read the entire page →
From page 92... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 84 Atmospheric data above the surface were obtained from NOAA IGRA2. Typically, Cape Canaveral radiosonde data are reported twice daily at 12:00 am and 12:00 pm. Read the entire page →
From page 93... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 85 Data Products and Deliverables The acoustic, weather, and trajectory data products and deliverables for ACRP Project 02-81 are detailed in Section 4.4.1, Section 4.4.2, and Section 4.4.3, respectively. The ACRP 02-81 deliverables include digital files of the acoustic time-history data and atmospheric profile (radiosonde) Read the entire page →
From page 94... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 86 4.4.1 Acoustic data A summary of the acoustic data collected during each launch/landing event is presented in Section 4.3. The ACRP 02-81 deliverables include time-history acoustic data stored in digital files that conform to a standard file format. Read the entire page →
From page 95... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 87 Header Field Name Description Run Notes Measurement notes related to run (i.e., mission) Read the entire page →
From page 96... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 88 ;HEADER SIZE...................: 34 ;VEHICLE NAME..................: FALCON HEAVY ;MISSION NAME..................: ARABSAT 6A ;MISSION TYPE..................: COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE ;MISSION OPERATOR..............: SPACE EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGIES CORP. Read the entire page →
From page 97... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 89 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - LEQ, dB ONE-THIRD OCTAVE-BAND LEVEL, dB TIME -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - UTC ZULU dB dBA dBC 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ... Read the entire page →
From page 98... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 90 Figure 48. Example time-history of the unweighted, C-weighted, and A-weighted Leq,1s. Read the entire page →
From page 99... ... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 91 4.4.2 Weather data The surface weather conditions collected by BRRC and KSC/CCAFS for each launch/landing event are presented in Section 4.3. The ACRP 02-81 deliverables include atmospheric data above the surface (radiosonde data) Read the entire page →

From page 41...

... Commercial Space Operations Noise and Sonic Boom Measurements 33 4 Measurement Campaign Introduction Measurements were conducted between November 2017 and April 2019 to collect acoustic data during the operation of the Antares 230, Falcon 9, Delta IV Heavy, and Falcon Heavy rockets for the missions described in Table 2. These measurements were designed to follow the community noise measurement protocol provided in Section 3.