The Impacts of Racism and Bias on Black People Pursuing Careers in Science, Engineering, and Medicine Proceedings of a Workshop (2020) / Chapter Skim
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6 Racism in Relation to Black Men and Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine
6 Racism in Relation to Black Men and Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine
Pages 45-54
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From page 45... ...
He used the COVID-19 crisis to illuminate the impact of systemic bias, pointing to the large difference in mortality rates between whites and African Americans from the disease. He identified five major factors that underlie this gap: socioeconomic factors; health disparities; bias, 45
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From page 46... ...
FACTORS UNDERLYING THE COVID-19 MORTALITY GAP Socioeconomic Factors As noted earlier in the workshop, African Americans have 7 percent the acquired wealth of white households, making for less of a nest egg to fall back on. African Americans also have a lower percentage of salaried versus hourly jobs, and Black unemployment (even before COVID-19)
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From page 47... ...
Policies and practices reinforce the narrative, and unconscious bias impacts African Americans in many ways, especially in health care, he said, referring to several studies to illustrate his points. An empirical analysis of racial differences in police use of force (Fryer, 2016, 2018)
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From page 48... ...
The collective human mind undergoes what Daniel Goleman has called an "amygdala hijacking." When in extreme trauma, this "fear center" part of the brain takes over, which can result in reactive responses (fight, flight, or freeze) ; protective responses (desire for control, a turn toward authoritarianism, or increased "otherization")
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From page 49... ...
These factors include accessibility to transportation, health care, and safe markets and commercial spaces; lower levels of health insurance; higher levels of pollution; lack of green spaces and recreational facilities; closer physical proximity; and lack of trust in law enforcement. Psychological Impact These factors taken together create a psychological impact that has health implications, as shown with COVID-19.
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From page 50... ...
Ross focused on the workplace, such as removing names from the initial screening of resumes, checking interview questions for bias, using diverse panels for hiring, and conducting fair performance reviews. "In every area of talent management, we can find ways that bias impacts us," he said.
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From page 51... ...
Both otherization and production of empathy can now be detected in images of the brain. Another participant asked how to counter the claims of some power ful whites that people of color are genetically inferior as a scapegoat to acknowledge implicit bias.
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From page 52... ...
Jones suggested a strategy for medical school committees to "burst through their bubbles of experience" by creating opportunities to experience common humanity in different settings and join together in common cause. Related to residential segregation, she said, "the most profound damage is that the walls are so tall and yet invisible -- people don't even know there is another reality." Examples suggested including pairing science classes from different schools to work on a common project, a multicultural Passover Seder, and a series of "equitable dinners" in Atlanta, Georgia.
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From page 53... ...
2015. Implicit racial/ethnic bias among health care professionals and its influence on health care outcomes: a systematic review.
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