Escalator Falls (2020) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 5-20
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5 Literature Review The literature review is a synthesis of findings related to airport escalator safety. The review includes an overview of escalator safety, escalator incidents, mitigations, airport design and operations, and training.
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6 Escalator Falls Escalator incidents at airports and MTHs are well known, and most studies on the subject were published more than 10 years ago. Human behavior is the most common cause of accidents and incidents on MTH escalators.
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Literature Review 7 a cart, it becomes a hazard to other escalator users, as it tumbles down the escalator. By comparison, elevators have an injury rate of just fifteen yearly injuries per 1,000 elevators or fifteen times less risk of injury than escalators.
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8 Escalator Falls Eight airport fire/rescue personnel were interviewed for a study of escalator falls at a metropolitan airport in the United States. The results of the interviews are consistent with other observations regarding potential emerging issues affecting escalator incident frequency (Howland et al.
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Literature Review 9 stepping on or off escalators. Thus, the user of a mobile device is at risk for a fall or of causing others to fall by inadvertently bumping into them.
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10 Escalator Falls (positioning themselves on the downward side of the stroller) , we observed a few incidents where the child fell out of the stroller, and the resulting scene was chaotic.
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Literature Review 11 fatalities or permanent injuries (TSSA 2019)
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12 Escalator Falls The APTA guidelines are consistent with the findings reported in ACRP Report 67: Airport Passenger Conveyance Systems Planning Guidebook (TransSolutions, LLC, et al.
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Literature Review 13 From ACRP Report 67 (Section 2.2.1.3, Step Width) , Escalator manufacturers rate theoretical capacity based on speed, assumed occupancy per step, and 100% utilization; however, many studies show that 100% utilization is never obtained.
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14 Escalator Falls Vertical Change Elements The co-location of stairs, escalators, and elevators improves passenger flow and circulation. Many terminals are either designed or renovated to co-locate all vertical change elements.
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Literature Review 15 requires a certain level of mental effort to reorient oneself afterward as the customer exits the elevator and finds their way back to the primary circulation path. For passengers who are blind or have low vision or cognitive impairments, what seem like minor details can have a significant impact on their ability to successfully negotiate these vertical transitions.
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16 Escalator Falls London, United Kingdom The London Underground conducted a project to address escalator passenger safety. The project, titled Escalator Passenger Safety Strategy, developed a set of initiatives to encourage better passenger behavior on escalators (Safety, Accessibility and Sustainability Panel 2016)
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Literature Review 17 In the 13 stations in which the initiatives were installed, the overall accident rate decreased by 3%. Considering the initiatives were only installed on 15% of the escalators, this is a seen as a significant drop (Harley 2016)
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18 Escalator Falls Congestion ASME A17.1 (Section 6.1.3.6.4) defines the absolute minimum length of clear area at the entry and exit zones of escalators as twice the distance between the centerlines of the handrails.
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Literature Review 19 targeting children, college-age adults, and older adults, respectively, which are relevant for airports (https://www.eesf.org)
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20 Escalator Falls per minute (ppm)
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