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Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk A Process Model for Determining Age-Specific Nutrient Requirements (2020) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix D: Revised Search Criteria
Pages 85-92

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From page 85...
... Infant generally healthy Infant not healthy Infant/child ≤ 12 months old Infant/child > 12 months old Nutrients of Interest Included Milk nutrients of interest: vitamins A, C, D, E, K, No nutrients of interest; this would include such thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, B6, folate, B12, things as human milk oligosaccharide; milk protein pantothenic acid, biotin, choline, copper, fluorides, fractions (e.g., whey proteins, caseins) ; fatty acid iodine, iron, magnesium, manganese, classes that do not include triglycerides (e.g., molybdenum, chromium, calcium, phosphorus, phospholipids, cholesteryl esters, free fatty acids)
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From page 86...
... TABLE D-2 Specified Inclusion and Related Exclusion Criteria for Milk Volume Reports Inclusion Criteria Related Exclusion Criteria Healthy Study Population Adult women (≥ 18 years old) Not adult women Mother generally healthy: e.g., not suffering from Mother not healthy: e.g., suffering from acute or acute or chronic illness that might influence milk chronic illness that might influence milk production; no mention of lactation insufficiency or production; lactation insufficiency or difficulty; difficulty; living in a high- or middle-income country living in a low-income country during the study during the study; include obese women unless they have comorbidities Full-term, singleton infant (defined as ≥ 37 weeks Preterm, twins, etc.
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From page 87...
... ; values reported reported graphically in text or tabular form Study participants not consuming galactagogues (to Women taking galactagogues as part of our knowledge) intervention study Eligible study design: RCT, observational Ineligible study design: case study, inadequate prospective cohort study control group Adequate method used:a 24-hour infant test- Inadequate method used: weighing mother rather weighing; deuterium dilution (note that the than infant; not directly measuring milk intake committee is not excluding studies that did not during night correct for insensible water loss)
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From page 88...
... viridescens provides results comparable to the thiochrome assay" Riboflavin See thiamin; afternoon and Microbiological approaches are Hampel et al., evening samples are preferred susceptible to error; Preferred: 2017, 2018 HPLC separation followed by fluorescence detection (current infant AI is based on UV detection and fluorometric measurements after HPLC separation) Niacin See thiamin; afternoon and A microbiological assay with Hampel et al., evening samples are preferred L
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From page 89...
... plantarum) 2018 are commonly used; novel LC MS/MS are being developed Choline Unknown "LC-MS/MS provides Hampel et al., validated results with only 2018 minimal sample preparation without possible radiation exposure;" older methods include RIA and GC-MS analysis Vitamin C See thiamin "HPLC methods should be Hampel et al., used;" note that the current AI 2018 is based on colorimetric assays Iron Use trace-element free supplies "Both AAS and inductively Hampel et al., coupled argon plasma 2018 spectroscopy are suitable" Copper Use trace-element free supplies "AAS, ICP-AES, and ICP-MS Hampel et al., are valid approaches" 2018 Zinc Use trace-element free supplies Same as for copper Hampel et al., 2018 Iodine Use trace-element free supplies "ICP-MS is the preferred Hampel et al., approach;" older studies used 2018 colorimetric approaches and have some analytic bias; iodide is analyzed differently Selenium Use trace-element free supplies AAS (less sample handling and Hampel et al., no radiation step compared to 2018 other methods)
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From page 90...
... NOTE: AAS = atomic absorption spectrometry; AI = Adequate Intake; CPBA = competitive proteinbinding assay; GC-MS = gas chromatography–mass spectrometry; HPLC = high-performance liquid chromatography; HPLC-FLD = high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection; ICP-AES = inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry; ICP-MS = inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry; LC-MS/MS = liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; MS = mass spectrometry; MS/MS = tandem mass spectrometry; RIA = radioimmunoassay; UV = ultraviolet; wt = weight. a A number of authors claimed that fatty acids do not change within a feed and used this as their rationale for not using a complete breast expression as their sample.
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From page 91...
... 2017. Longitudinal change of selected human milk oligosaccharides and association to infants' growth, an observatory, single center, longitudinal cohort study.
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Key Terms

  • total fat
  • free supplies
  • fatty acids
  • fatty acid
  • evening samples

  • reported values
  • atomic emission
  • insensible water
  • microbiological assays
  • emission spectrometry

  • revised date
  • mass spectrometry
  • water loss
  • exclusion criteria
  • breast milk

  • milk protein
  • milk consumption
  • influence milk
  • hplc separation
  • inductively coupled

  • aka flame
  • circadian variability
  • cohort study
  • analytical methods
  • specified inclusion

  • related exclusion
  • flame photometry
  • liquid chromatography
  • chronic illness
  • milk lipids


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