The Use of Limited Access Privilege Programs in Mixed-Use Fisheries (2021) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
6 Social and Economic Effects of LAPPs for Recreational Fishery Stakeholders in Mixed-Use Fisheries
6 Social and Economic Effects of LAPPs for Recreational Fishery Stakeholders in Mixed-Use Fisheries
Pages 119-132
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 119... ...
All of the mixed-use fisheries that include LAPPs for the commercial sector and are analyzed herein have parallel management programs using output controls (seasons, bag limits, trip limits, and size regulations) for the recreational sectors.
|
From page 120... ...
Rather, the committee's focus is on answering the following question: How have the management changes from LAPPs in the commercial sector of mixed-use fisheries changed the nature and magnitude of spillovers between the commercial sector and recreational fishery participants? As complex social-ecological systems, the committee expects the ecological, social, and economic state variables affecting recreational stakeholders to change over time in ways that may be quite difficult to predict -- even in the absence of the implementation of a LAPP.
|
From page 121... ...
Nor did the committee receive any assertion of within-season impacts in the open session meetings, which included recreational stakeholders. Between-Season Impacts Many of the spillovers between commercial fishing and recreational anglers are transmitted by variables that are relatively slow to change.
|
From page 122... ...
If the pre-LAPP management was able to maintain stocks at roughly the same target levels as under the LAPP, then anglers may see few spillover benefits through the stock. Indeed, if a LAPP were to induce a net increase in discards, and the discards are not specifically debited from the commercial sector, then the recreational sector may find its overall allocation diminished by the LAPP.
|
From page 123... ...
This economic common interest, combined with the consolidation of quota share among fewer, more efficient operators that occurs in some LAPPs, may increase the benefits and lower the costs of quota owners of engaging in collective action to defend the value of their total allocation "pie" by resisting reallocation of quota to recreation, or perhaps even expanding the commercial allocation at the cost of the recreational sector. Therefore, LAPPs may indirectly strengthen the allocation claims of the commercial sector through a political feedback loop.
|
From page 124... ...
This has only been reported in the Gulf of Mexico reef fish fisheries, so the committee discusses it below for that case. EVIDENCE OF IMPACTS FOR INDIVIDUAL FISHERIES Gulf of Mexico Red Snapper and Grouper-Tilefish The committee considers the red snapper and grouper-tilefish LAPPs together because many of the commercial vessels participate in both programs and because many recreational fishers catch species that are also commercially caught under both LAPPs as well as a number of reef fish not covered under either LAPP.
|
From page 125... ...
Conflicts over allocation of reef fish between recreational and commercial sectors, and to a lesser extent between private and for-hire recreational sectors, are very heated in the Gulf of Mexico. This is particularly the case for red snapper (Abbott, 2015)
|
From page 126... ...
has fueled pressure from the recreational sector for a greater allocation in order to afford more fishing opportunities. The optics of the diametrically opposed trends in available fishing days has fueled accusations of differential treatment between the commercial and recreational sectors, despite the fact that commercial allocations were rarely exceeded while recreational catches often exceeded allocations by 50% or more, especially after the adoption of the red snapper LAPP (see Figure 6.1)
|
From page 127... ...
There is no scientific basis on which to predict how allocations might have evolved in this counterfactual situation. However, it is noteworthy that relative sectoral allocations have remained unchanged since the implementation of IFQs.2 Amendment 28, which was strongly supported by recreational fishing interests, would have reallocated 2.5% of red snapper harvest away from the commercial sector and toward the recreational sector.
|
From page 128... ...
In summary, the committee finds minimal evidence for any spillovers, negative or positive, from the creation of commercial LAPPs for red snapper and grouper and tilefish in the Gulf of Mexico to recreational stakeholders. To the extent that there has been any negative effect on the recreational sector, it has occurred indirectly through the existence of the IFQs serving to enhance the legal and political validity of the commercial sector's claim to its allocation.
|
From page 129... ...
However, while estimates of recreational golden tilefish effort and catch are highly uncertain, there has been increasing concern at the Council level that recreational effort for this species is increasing due to its rebuilt biomass, open access management, and increased restrictions
|
From page 130... ...
It is therefore unlikely that the golden tilefish IFQ itself has resulted in any significant newfound restrictions on access or the recreational fishing experience for private or charter recreational anglers beyond those required to effectively monitor recreational effort and harvest. CONCLUSION As repeatedly noted above, there has been very little research focusing on spillovers between commercial LAPPs and the broader suite of catch share management approaches and their effects on recreational stakeholders.
|
From page 131... ...
Third, there is some evidence in at least two of the cases -- the Gulf of Mexico red snapper IFQ and the IBQ for Atlantic bluefin fisheries -- that commercial LAPPs may impact recreational stakeholders through indirect effects on the size of the recreational allocation itself. The creation of a commercial LAPP may strengthen the political bargaining power of the commercial sector or, as seen in the Gulf of Mexico, buttress the legal argument for protecting the commercial sector's allocation.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.