Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap (2022) / Chapter Skim
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G-1 A P P E N D I X G Final Fifteen Portfolios Final Fifteen Portfolios 1. Active Transportation 2.
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G-2 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Culture ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS AT-C-01* Document the behaviors, attitudes, and opportunities for rural and small urban residents to support active transportation policy and compare with urban areas.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-3 Electric Scooters ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS AT-ES-01 Analyze economics of electric scooter rental industry and determine whether scooter-sharing is financially viable in small towns. AT-ES-02 Identify appropriate design criteria for accommodating electric scooters safely on rural roads and small-town streets, for example, when scooters should be separated from pedestrian and/or motorized traffic.
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G-4 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Marketing ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS AT-M-01* Document successful methods for creating public and government support for active transportation.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-5 Policy ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS AT-PO-01* Evaluate the impacts and enforcement of safe passing laws for active transportation.
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G-6 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Safety (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS AT-S-09 Assess distracted driving risks to active transportation users; evaluate whether road design and terrain influences distracted driving behavior (e.g., straight and wide roads vs narrow and curvy roads)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-7 Available Project Descriptions AT-C-01 Description: Active modes of transportation are needed in rural and small urban areas; however, there are unique barriers and differences to active modes in rural areas. Typically, there is a lack of active transportation infrastructure, different topography, longer distances to amenities (e.g., school, stores, work, etc.)
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G-8 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap transportation provides significant health benefits to communities. In addition, these facilities are extremely important in low income, minority, and immigrant communities where the residents tend to be car-less.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-9 AT-Po-01 Description: The safe passing law requires a vehicle to pass another vehicle and/or active transportation users at a "safe distance." The definition of "safe" is varied and not defined by many of the states, but in cases where it is defined it is generally 3 feet (and may be more for large trucks and buses)
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G-10 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap This project will look at the definition of "safe access" in rural terms. This could include, but is not limited to, access from a bike/pedestrian facility to amenities (e.g., a crosswalk in a local community across a state owned road)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-11 description of the safety audit process, potential solutions to fix safety issues by infrastructure type, guidance on how to select the most appropriate solution, and resources for creating a bicycle-pedestrian action plan. Lastly, the guidebook should provide recommendations for how often a community should conduct this evaluation.
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G-12 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Essential Air Service ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS AV-EA-01* Develop a mode-neutral methodology for assessing the most effective means of connecting rural communities to hub airports.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-13 General Aviation ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS AV-GA-01* Conduct an updated evaluation of the economic value of general aviation (GA)
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G-14 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Available Project Descriptions AV-EA-01 Suggested Project Title: EAS Analysis I: Connecting Rural Communities to Hub Airports: ModeNeutral Evaluation Methods for Air and Ground Feeder Services Description: The FAA Essential Air Service (EAS) program was created in 1978 to address concerns about loss of scheduled air service to smaller communities after airline deregulation.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-15 regional/national air, rail, bus, and maritime networks through a rational combination of aviation, maritime, and ground passenger services. AV-EA-04 Suggested Title: EAS Analysis III: Route Consolidation and Surface Transportation Alternatives to Essential Air Service Description: When the airline industry was deregulated in 1978, the Essential Air Service (EAS)
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G-16 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Economic Impact/Performance Metrics ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS FP-EI-01 Evaluate the economic benefits of maintaining existing transportation infrastructure and relationships between the quality of maintenance and community wellbeing. FP-EI-02 Develop trade-off analysis guidance to support computation of return-on-investment for all modes, facilitate prioritization of transportation investments within and across modes, quantify the broader economic benefits of transportation investments, and ensure that transportation expenditures support overall economic and social wellbeing.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-17 General Funding ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS FP-GF-01 Conduct a cross-cutting evaluation of the impact of transportation infrastructure and services on community income, performance, and social inclusion. FP-GF-02 Develop techniques for balancing investments to maximize overall community benefits.
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G-18 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap General Policy ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS FP-GP-01 Analyze the interaction of federal, state, and local transportation policies and develop recommendations for aligning funding and other resources to ensure the health, safety, and overall wellbeing of the rural population. FP-GP-02 Evaluate culturally how to approach transportation funding in the future based on changing trends.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-19 Planning ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS FP-PL-01 Document advantages and disadvantages of consolidated, multijurisdictional maintenance departments and other shared servicedelivery models. FP-PL-02 Document best practices for engaging underrepresented groups and fostering authentic inclusion in rural planning processes.
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G-20 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Available Project Description FP-Pl-03 Description: In sparsely-populated areas, it can be difficult for citizens to travel to public outreach meetings sponsored by transportation agencies. Often only a few citizens attend the meetings, making it difficult to ensure that the viewpoints expressed are representative of the community as a whole.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-21 Youth -- Education and Licensing ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS DE-YEL-01* Identity how driver education programs vary by state.
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G-22 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Available Project Descriptions DE-YEL-01 Description: A study on how driver education programs vary by state was completed in 2012. A need exists to replicate this study to see what changes have occurred in almost 10 years, especially with the inception of graduated licensing programs.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-23 Community and Economic Development ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS EDT-CED-01* Expand rural tourism economic impact studies to compare and contrast the impact of transportation on rural tourism areas.
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G-24 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Community and Economic Development (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS EDT-CED-09 Review the Economic Impact of Scenic Byways Programs.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-25 Data ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS EDT-DA-01* Develop and describe low-cost applications of crowdsourced data for transportation planning and management in public lands and other tourist/recreational areas.
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G-26 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Economic Impact/Performance Metrics (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS EDT-EI-09 Identify transportation impacts of changing economic and social conditions in rural communities and innovative methods for responding to these changes.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-27 Tribal Communities ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS EDT-TC-01* Evaluate the role of transportation in sustainable tourism development for Native American, Alaska Native, and Pacific Islander communities.
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G-28 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap tourism, explore whether they were successful in generating tourism activity, and whether the economic value created was proportionate to the costs of required transportation infrastructure. The project will also consider the potential for transportation projects such as bypasses to relocate or even reduce visitors, with neutral or negative effects on tourism employment.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-29 companies to sell goods and services to rural consumers. In recent years, some state and local governments have heavily incentivized the construction of data centers (server farms)
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G-30 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap EDT-EI-02 Description: Many rural communities are heavily dependent on their connections to larger places, resulting in high consumption of fuel and transportation services. For example, many rural residents commute long distances to urban/suburban jobs, and rural businesses are often highly dependent on customers from distant cities.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-31 EDT-Pa-01 Description: This project will examine the operational and economic relationships between public lands (including major state and national parks) and adjoining "gateway" communities.
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G-32 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap project will review and compare the congestion management systems used in various types of tourism areas and develop guidance and best practices for planning and implementing such systems. EDT-VT-03 Description: This project will explore possible relationships between visitor age and the technology used to plan, book, and manage travel in and around tourist/recreational areas.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-33 EMS ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS HT-EMS-01 Identify and document innovative administrative, operational, and design techniques for reducing rural emergency services response times. HT-EMS-02 Document best practices in coordinating emergency services to healthcare hubs.
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G-34 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Planning (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS HT-PL-04 Develop recommended access-to-healthcare metrics for use in federally mandated Community Health Impact Assessments (CHIPS)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-35 Transportation for Healthcare ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS HT-TH-01 Identify best practices/innovative methods to connect transportation disadvantaged populations to healthcare facilities in rural areas. HT-TH-02 Document best practices in healthcare transportation initiatives.
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G-36 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Human Trafficking ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS LE-HT-01 Evaluate the extent to which public transit and intercity bus operators have received training on what to look for when it comes to human trafficking, feedback on these existing training programs, and additional agency employee anti-trafficking training needs. LE-HT-02 Identify human trafficking interventions that are successful in reducing trafficking-related activities at rest areas and other transportation facilities.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-37 Human Trafficking (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS LE-HT-14 Identify the transportation patterns involved in human trafficking to establish a basis for appropriate interventions.
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G-38 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Marijuana Legalization ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS LE-ML-01 Identify methods of assessing marijuana impairment that are suitable for use in remote areas. LE-ML-02 Evaluate if driving ability is impacted by habitual marijuana use, even if the driver/employee is not acutely intoxicated.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-39 Traffic Enforcement in Rural Areas ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS LE-TE-01 Document innovative rural law enforcement practices. LE-TE-02 Evaluate the benefits of peer exchange programs for rural law enforcement officers and supervisory personnel.
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G-40 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Asset Management ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RI-AM-01* Identify best practices for the implementation of asset management systems that are scaled to local agency needs.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-41 Design ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RI-DE-01* Identify practices for expediting environmental review and coordination for smaller rural roadway projects.
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G-42 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap General ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RI-GE-01* Identify low cost infrastructure improvements on local rural roads.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-43 Geometric Design ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RI-GD-01* Develop design guidance for accommodating animal-drawn vehicles such as Amish buggies on high-speed rural roads.
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G-44 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Maintenance (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RI-MA-06 Evaluate the feasibility of automation-assisted winter maintenance for rural highways.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-45 Unpaved Roads (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RI-UR-09 Assess the effects of pavement stabilization and dust control agents on the freeze-thaw stability of unpaved roads: Do summer maintenance chemicals improve winter performance?
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G-46 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap RI-De-01 Suggested Title: Best Practices for Expediting Environmental Review of Smaller Rural Roadway Projects Description: This project will review state and local practices intended to expedite state and federal environmental review and interagency coordination for small rural roadway projects, develop case studies discussing the strengths and weaknesses of these processes, and recommend best practices. RI-Ge-01 Proposed Title: Best practices for low-cost rural transportation infrastructure improvements.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-47 RI-Ge-05 Suggested Title: Solar-Powered Lighting for Rural Highways and Small-Town Streets Description: Recent scientific advances have improved the quality and slashed the cost of photovoltaic cells, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) , and rechargeable batteries.
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G-48 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap capital improvement projects (including road, bridge, and stormwater management investments)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-49 Description: Roundabouts are a proven strategy for reducing crash severity. Although operational costs for roundabouts are much lower than the cost of running a comparable signalized intersection, the up-front costs of building a traditional roundabout can be substantial.
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G-50 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Description: This project will update previous guidance on best practices for preventative maintenance of stabilized surfaces and asphalt pavements on two-lane rural highways. Building on existing products, such as NCHRP Synthesis 35-02 and TRL Road Note 39 (7th Edition)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-51 Funding ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-F-01 Evaluate innovative revenue sources for rural transit systems. RNS12 PT-F-02 Identify the impact of decline in overall non-urbanized population on transit funding.
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G-52 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Intercity Bus ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-IB-01* Development and implementation of a national intercity bus atlas.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-53 Marketing ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-M-01* Evaluate current rural transit service marketing programs.
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G-54 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Modeling and Forecasting ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-MF-01* Evaluate the characteristics, benefits and drawbacks, and design considerations for deviated fixed route systems that have been implemented in rural areas.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-55 Passenger Facilities ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-PF-01 Measure the impact of rural bus stop infrastructure conditions and bus stop ADA compliance on ridership; identify potential solutions for improving the safety, comfort, and accessibility of rural bus stops. PT-PF-02 Identify relationships between roadway surface conditions, passenger comfort, and vehicle maintenance costs for rural public transit and paratransit systems.
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G-56 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Planning ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-PL-01* Expand the use of the Oregon DOT methodology for identifying "Key Transit Hubs" (transfer points)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-57 Planning (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-PL-18 Evaluate overlaps between rural transit and paratransit services and identify opportunities to improve efficiency and customer service.
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G-58 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Policy (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-PO-07 Evaluate the impact of changing funding allocations on rural transportation.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-59 School Transportation (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS PT-ST-06 Research the changing trends in communities where parents drive their kids to school -- what is driving it, and should schools be designed differently to accommodate this trend?
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G-60 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap PT-IB-03 Description: TCRP Report 147 (2011) developed a sketch-planning tool for estimating rural intercity bus service demand.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-61 program, and provides recommendations for the development of state programs in response to changing market conditions. PT-M-01 Description: The purpose of this project is to assess current rural transit service marketing techniques (e.g., travel training, personal bottom-up approach vs.
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G-62 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap The purpose of this research is twofold. The first phase will compile a state-of-practice review that documents all of the agencies and programs that play a role in NEMT, the methods currently used by rural transportation operators to coordinate these services, and any known inconsistencies in the interpretation of NEMT regulations.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-63 These mixed-mode operations can potentially reduce travel time and allow service planners to improve service frequency or geographical coverage. At the same time, shifting customers to third-party services has the potential to drive down transit system performance measures.
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G-64 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Eligibility for these programs qualifies agencies for additional funding sources. For example, Section 5311 recipients are eligible for assistance with the capital costs of purchasing buses and improving passenger facilities.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-65 Distracted Driving ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-DD-01 Identify the relationship between distracted driving and type of driving environment. S-DD-02 Identify trends and characteristics of distracted driving crashes on rural "non-occupants." RNS16 S-DD-03 Develop a meta-analysis summarizing the results of studies that have evaluated the effect of restricting cell phone use while driving, such as hands-free only laws.
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G-66 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Geometric Design of Rural Roads – Motor Vehicle Traffic ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-MV-01* Update guide for addressing unsignalized intersection collisions (Update of NCHRP Report 500, Volume 5)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-67 Geometric Design of Rural Roads - Motorized Vehicles Not Intended for Highway Use (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-NIH-04 Investigate the extent to which rural children, teens, and young adults use non-highway vehicles such as ATVs, dirt bikes, and snowmobiles for transportation in lieu of cars, including mixed onand off-road use of these vehicles.
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G-68 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Multi-modal ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-MM-01 Standardize the reporting of crashes involving all ground transportation modes to support development of a comprehensive safety management system for rural highways. S-MM-02 Identify noteworthy practices for accommodating all road users on high-speed rural roads.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-69 Safety Culture/Behavioral Safety (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-SC-10 Evaluate the impact of human factors in decision making when driving on rural roads and develop skill guidelines for driving on rural roads with unique characteristics.
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G-70 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Safety Data & Safety Management (Cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-SD-15 Identify strategies to address socioeconomic factors that contribute to crashes, such as increased travel by high-risk drivers during periods of economic prosperity.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-71 Signaling, Signing & Marking ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-SSM-01 Create a low-cost active warning system for rural railroad crossings. S-SSM-02 Evaluate the effectiveness and value of combining rumble strips with wider shoulders.
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G-72 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Tribal ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS S-TR-01 Evaluate the feasibility of developing a shared intertribal crash reporting system to address tribal member privacy concerns while providing non-personally identifiable crash records to state agencies. S-TR-02 Identify strategies for tribes to work on the "Road to Zero" concept, evaluate the continued disparity in high crash rates, and identify solutions.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-73 Multi-Modal Concept ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS TAM-MM-01 Evaluate the effects of implementing Mobility Management, which is defined as "organizing a network of diverse transportation services and providers to satisfy customer needs" and Mobility as a Service (MaaS) more generally including methods for collecting data to forecast demand for managedmobility services and methods for allocating costs and revenues amongst potential partner (government, non-profit, and for-profit)
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G-74 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Multi-Modal Concept (cont.)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-75 Ridesourcing and Volunteers (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS TAM-RV-11 Analyze the impact of real-time dispatch on demand for ridesourcing.
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G-76 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Specific User Types (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS TAM-SUT-11 Collect rural generational mode choice preferences from various states/regions to develop a more granular view of relationships between community type, land use, etc.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-77 Applications ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS CAV-AP-01 Identify and document the benefits of SAE Level 1 automation for rural transit and paratransit operations. CAV-AP-02 Identify and document the benefits of SAE Level 2 automation for rural transit and paratransit operations.
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G-78 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Demonstration/Pilot Projects ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS CAV-DPP-01* Implement demonstration/pilot projects to test the functionality of CAVs in rural terrains and ensure that rural communities are not marginalized by CAV deployments.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-79 Marketing and Public Outreach ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS CAV-MP-01* Develop educational materials to help agency fleet managers determine which advanced vehicle technologies to specify when procuring vehicles.
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G-80 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Rural Barriers ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS CAV-RB-01* Identify barriers to CAV implementation in rural areas and solutions so rural areas are not marginalized by technological advances.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-81 Technical Standards ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS CAV-TS-01* Identify site selection criteria and design standards for emergency stopping areas that will be used when a vehicle is unable to proceed in automated mode and the driver fails to take manual control.
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G-82 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Description: High-definition digital maps are a key enabling technology for autonomous vehicles, allowing vehicle control systems to anticipate the downstream roadway geometry and focus searches for collision hazards. These maps are expected to require high locational accuracy and very frequent updates to reflect changes in roadway features such as geometry, signage, and permitted/restricted movements.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-83 CAV-DPP-04 Suggested Title: Field Evaluations of Rural ITS Safety Technologies Description: The 2018 Rural Intelligent Transportation System Toolkit includes 42 rural transportation critical need fact sheets, including 12 crash countermeasures and several techniques that have potential rural operational safety benefits. This project would identify rural ITS safety technologies that require additional testing and develop recommendations for application-driven field research.
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G-84 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap recommended practices for future activities aimed at helping elderly drivers understand and apply advanced vehicle technologies. CAV-MP-03 Suggested Title: Communicating Connected & Automated Vehicle (CAV)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-85 operating, and maintaining ITS and other transportation systems management and operations (TSMO) technologies within rural corridors; and (5)
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G-86 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap information and disaster/crisis communication. The project would also conduct outreach with telecom companies, the FCC, and other state and national decision makers to explore methods for implementing highpriority projects.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-87 Coordination ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RPM-CO-01* Develop an all-modes guide for local officials describing the structure of rural freight systems; factors affecting freight costs; the organizational objectives and roles of private freight carriers, shippers, shipper associations, local government, state government, and federal agencies; public investment strategies for freight; methods for incentivizing private investments in freight infrastructure; and methods for allocating the costs of freight infrastructure when it is partially or entirely subsidized by the public sector.
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G-88 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Maritime Freight ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RPM-MF-01* Identify methods for enhancing the environmental, transportation and navigational benefits of the inland waterway systems.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-89 Rail and Intermodal Freight ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RPM-RIF-01* Evaluate the effectiveness of current rail policies in serving rural shippers.
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G-90 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Social Issues ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RPM-SI-01 Identify cost-effective strategies for improving local access to freight services while minimizing the quality-of-life impacts of freight operations. RPM-SI-02 Evaluate impacts of limited freight service availability in remote and frontier communities.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-91 Trends and Competitiveness (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS RPM-TC-09 Develop recommended practices for gauging public opinion about investments in non-highway freight handling facilities such as barge terminals, rail lines, and pipelines.
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G-92 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap and are dominated by a handful of carriers, while others have thousands of carriers and few barriers to entering or leaving the market. The purpose of this project is to take a holistic view of the U.S.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-93 RPM-OO-01 Description: In recent years the size and weight of agricultural equipment has been steadily increasing, sometimes exceeding the structural design parameters for rural roads and bridges. Through previous research, a system has been developed for estimating loads associated with agricultural equipment such as large grain carts, manure tank trains, high flotation spray applicators, and tracked tractors.
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G-94 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap RPM-RIF-03 Description: When the rail industry was deregulated in the 1980s, the process for abandoning rail corridors was simplified. Over the next several years, most railroads trimmed their networks to focus on the most profitable routes.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-95 also compare the costs of various levels of warning reliability with the actuarial costs of crossing crashes and examine warning communication methods that correspond to the reliability of the detection system. RPM-TC-01 Description: The freight services offered in the rural United States include trucking, rail, maritime (inland waterways, Great Lakes, and coastal)
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G-96 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap percentages from these locations are applicable to other roadways. Freight data for non-highway modes is generally available only from private data brokers who base their estimates on information supplied by major common carriers (after scrubbing it to hide commercially sensitive information)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-97 Context Sensitive Design ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS WC-CS-01 Identify best practices for managing erosion and sedimentation impacts on rural roads due to changes in climate and land use (AFB30)
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G-98 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Maintenance ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS WC-MA-01* Identify rural roadway winter maintenance techniques for climate change resilience.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-99 Geotechnical (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS WC-GE-06 Identify structural and seismic risks to rural roads and bridges in petroleum and natural gas extraction areas.
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G-100 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Operations/Recovery (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS WC-OR-08 Document the use of drones for transportation infrastructure inspection and site reconnaissance following natural disasters.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-101 Transportation Health and Safety ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS WC-THS-01* Quantify public health and public safety risks associated with rural highway washouts and structural failures caused by flash floods.
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G-102 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap WC-IR-02 Description: Changing precipitation and temperature patterns are steadily increasing the likelihood that large numbers of people will be abruptly displaced by disasters. Examples could include U.S.
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-103 review policies and best practices for handling these increasingly challenging conditions in rural areas. Examples include techniques for notifying the public about sudden changes in travel conditions, snow/ice removal methods suitable for rapidly-changing conditions, staffing/equipment strategies suitable for areas that experience occasional but potentially very heavy snowfall, and methods for coping with rapid melting of heavy snow.
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G-104 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap United States. Wider use of the RDS TMC offers opportunities to improve traffic management in rural areas (including remote areas that lack cellular service)
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Final Fifteen Portfolios G-105 Technical Capacity ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS WD-TC-01 Identify the skills, training, and other workforce development activities necessary for rural transportation agencies to utilize and maintain emerging technologies effectively. WD-TC-02 Identify the training and employee development techniques and formats that are the most effective for various types of rural transportation agency workforce training.
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G-106 Rural Transportation Issues: Research Roadmap Technical Capacity (cont.) ID # RESEARCH NEED STATUS WD-TC-10 Develop training programs to provide law enforcement officers with up-to-date information on pedestrian and bicyclist safety, such as techniques for enforcing laws intended to protect nonmotorized road users from aggressive and inattentive drivers.
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