Communication Strategies for Building Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines Addressing Variants and Childhood Vaccinations (2021) / Chapter Skim
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Communication Strategies for Building Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines: Addressing Variants and Childhood Vaccinations
Communication Strategies for Building Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines: Addressing Variants and Childhood Vaccinations
Pages 1-23
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SEAN links researchers in the social, behavioral, and economic sciences with decision makers to respond to policy questions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. This project is affiliated with the National Academies' Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats., which is sponsored by the U.S.
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This consultation addresses the changing landscape brought about by the delta variant and potential other variants, the potential introduction of booster doses, the role of pediatric immunization, and the continuing threat of vaccine resistance. Box 1 summarizes some communication strategies that may be useful in communicating with people who are vaccine hesitant, especially those who are not yet resistant, and for building confidence among parents and guardians of children.
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This rapid expert consultation draws on the sciences of anthropology, behavioral economics, communication, decision making, and psychology to identify actionable guidance that state and local decision makers can use to communicate with the public to promote uptake of 1 The World Health Organization recently recommended using letters of the Greek alphabet when referring to SARS-CoV-2 variants. Current labeling of variants is B.1.1.7 (which would be alpha)
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. 7 These breakthrough cases have led to guidance for fully vaccinated people to continue 4 The full statement of task states: "The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will produce a rapid expert consultation to assist decision makers in navigating the delta and other possible variants by building public confidence in COVID-19 vaccines, with special considerations related to booster shots and vaccinations for children and youth.
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Individuals who are not vaccinated are not a homogenous group, although they share some characteristics. As of September 2021, Republicans, white evangelicals, rural residents, younger adults, those without college degrees, and adults without health insurance lagged in vaccine uptake (Hamel et al., 2021b)
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. A previous rapid expert consultation from the National Academies, Strategies for Building Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines, stated that vaccine hesitancy falls along a continuum from those who unquestioningly accept vaccines, to those who have questions and concerns (the vaccine hesitant)
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. STRATEGIES FOR COMMUNICATING WITH PEOPLE WHO ARE NOT VACCINATED TO BUILD CONFIDENCE IN COVID-19 VACCINES Two previous rapid expert consultations from the National Academies have addressed building vaccine confidence, and they both provide key strategies for communicating about COVID-19 vaccines.
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. The emergence of the delta variant and the authorization of vaccinations for children 12 and older offer new opportunities for reaching people who are not vaccinated and parents and guardians of unvaccinated children.
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One can say, in effect: "This is something you could not have known at the time, but that you would want to take into account now, as any good decision maker like you would." In the domain of vaccination against COVID-19, such new events or information 13 could include: 13 A KFF September 2021 vaccine monitor report showed that for adults who got vaccinated from June 1 onwards, there were three major reasons for getting vaccinated: "the increase in COVID cases due to the delta variant (39%) , reports of local hospitals filling up (38%)
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Clinical trials for the Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccines continue to collect data for submission for full approval.
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. Tackling Misinformation and Disinformation The continued rise of COVID-19-related misinformation and disinformation has targeted specific populations, contributing to continued vaccine hesitancy.
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. Hyper-local community-led efforts by personally trusted topical opinion leaders (e.g., primary care providers for combatting vaccine hesitancy or health misinformation)
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• Leveraging social networks to influence parents' vaccination decisions: Parents are influenced by their broad trusted social network connections; targeting members of those networks, especially the most influential ones, can help encourage parents to vaccinate their children. Communication strategies need to be tailored to parents -- there is no one-size-fits-all approach (Brunson, 2013a)
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The focus of these conversations could be an overall description of the regulatory process, the rigor of clinical trials, the lower vaccine dose in the pediatric formulation, and a reasonable extrapolation of the data for adolescents. Encouraging Parent-Provider Communication and Primary Care Provider Recommendations The role of health care providers in communicating with parents of children will be particularly important in terms of building confidence in COVID-19 vaccination for children.
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The risk it presents, and the potential for the emergence of additional future variant mutations due to lagging vaccinations, requires renewed efforts to build COVID-19 vaccine confidence, address vaccine hesitancy, and reduce barriers to vaccine access. Communicating with people who are not vaccinated will require the use of new strategies that identify new variants as creating new risks.
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. Delta Variant: What We Know About the Science.
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. Strategies for Building Confidence in the COVID-19 Vaccines.
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Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70, 1306–1311. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7037a7.
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Washington, DC: National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy. Available: https://www.nga.org/center/publications/state-strategies-for-engaging-and leveraging-primary-care-providers-as-covid-19-vaccinators.
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We also thank the following individuals for their review of this rapid expert consultation: Matthew Baum, John F Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University; Kirsten Ellenbogen, President and CEO, Great Lakes Science Center; Mirta Galesic, Human Social Dynamics, Santa Fe Institute; Daniel Salmon, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University; Angela K
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, Georgetown University DOMINIQUE BROSSARD, University of Wisconsin–Madison JANET CURRIE, Princeton University MICHAEL HOUT, New York University ARATI PRABHAKAR, Actuate ADRIAN E RAFTERY, University of Washington JENNIFER RICHESON, Yale University Staff MONICA N
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KESTER, Sanofi Pasteur PATRICIA KING, Georgetown University Law Center JONNA MAZET, University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine PHYLLIS MEADOWS, The Kresge Foundation TARA O'TOOLE, In-Q-Tel ALEXANDRA PHELAN, Georgetown University DAVID RELMAN, Stanford University MARK SMOLINSKI, Ending Pandemics DAVID WALT, Harvard Medical School Project Staff LISA BROWN, Senior Program Officer EMMA FINE, Associate Program Officer SHALINI SINGARAVELU, Associate Program Officer MARGARET MCCARTHY, Research Associate JULIE PAVLIN, Director, Board on Global Health ANDREW M POPE, Senior Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy
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COBURN, Northwestern University JAMES DRUCKMAN, Northwestern University JOHN GASTIL, Pennsylvania State University WILLIAM K HALLMAN, Rutgers University LAURA HELMUTH, Scientific American DAVID LAZER, Northeastern University ELIZABETH LOFTUS, University of California, Irvine AMELIE G
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