Children's Environmental Health Proceedings of a Workshop (2023) / Chapter Skim
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4 Harnessing Data for Decision Making
4 Harnessing Data for Decision Making
Pages 41-50
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From page 41... ...
Hood, Ohio State University, moderated the entire session. STRATEGIES FOR USING DATA DELIVERING PUBLIC HEALTH1 Patel discussed leveraging the biobank scale to prioritize exposure– phenotype associations in children.
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From page 42... ...
. o Many scientists recognize the importance of considering cumulative risks, but risk assessments rarely use that science.
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From page 43... ...
Patel and his colleagues were able to link all the twin data with what they call the "environmental exposome warehouse," a database of air pollu tion, weather, and census social deprivation index data. Patel shared discoveries that his team has made with biobank data.
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From page 44... ...
. Patel shared numerous other examples from his group, including predicting pancreas and liver age, using deep learning or liver MRI images, and using biobanked samples to perform functional exposome-wide association studies to discover biologically relevant exposures (Chung et al., 2021; Le Goallec et al., 2022)
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From page 45... ...
Another barrier is the need to establish human relevancy for different alternative animal models. Often toxicity testing is too focused on single chemical interactions, and the doses are too high to be relevant to human exposure.
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From page 46... ...
Many scientists and health agencies have recognized the importance of cumulative risk assessment, and the science is available to allow risk assessment across chemical classes, various classes of social determinants of health, and broad groups of nutrients, Birnbaum described. New options in TSCA also may allow for evaluating chemical categories.
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From page 47... ...
One avenue to explore cumulative risks is that big data could be mined for potential interactions such as gene–environment interactions or those between different chemical exposures, social determinants, diet, and stress. Health system data, such as that from Kaiser or Geisinger, could be leveraged more often to evaluate environmental impacts on human health.
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From page 48... ...
Life stage influences biomarkers in the blood; for example, increased blood volume throughout pregnancy can affect measurements. Taking biological samples from people is invasive, which limits what can be collected, and some matrices are difficult to process to measure exposures.
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From page 49... ...
The working group also discussed that the EPA could continue advancing the field with broader agnostic biomarker approaches to investigate disease clusters. International collaborators may have large disease r egistries and cohorts, which could help the EPA advance exposure science, but although some cohorts and registries may be more homogenous than the United States, Fortin added that the EPA could educate decision makers on the value and power of the new data processing and analytic techniques (such as multivariate analysis, machine learning)
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