Community-Driven Relocation Recommendations for the U.S. Gulf Coast Region and Beyond (2024) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 15-32
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 15... ...
SUMMARY 15 infrastructure, energy system capacity, broadband, schools, water supply)
|
From page 16... ...
16 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION Department of Housing and Urban Development) , should streamline the process of obtaining relocation funding, including reimbursements, through the following actions.
|
From page 17... ...
SUMMARY 17 and Budget, should revise its benefit-cost analysis process. This should include • developing a rubric that accounts for a community's qualitative values, characteristics, and root causes of vulnerability, such as social cohesion, social capital, political disenfranchisement, linguistic isolation, and collective efficacy, among others; and • extending FEMA's recent temporary revisions to the benefit cost analysis for the fiscal 2022 application cycle of Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities and the Flood Miti gation Assistance grant program.
|
From page 19... ...
1 Introduction Millions of people in the United States and millions more across the globe are at risk of displacement as a result of the effects of climate change (Global Report on Internal Displacement, 2023)
|
From page 20... ...
20 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION reasons include limited relocation policies and technical support, limited resources -- including funding -- deep-seated connections to place, or a propensity to "protect in place." With increasing numbers of weather- and climate-related disaster events with losses over 1 billion dollars in Gulf Coast states (235 from 1980 to August 8, 2023) , with twice as many events per year from 2018 to 2022 as in the previous years, and extraordinary human impacts (deaths of 15,971 people as of August 8, 2023; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA]
|
From page 21... ...
INTRODUCTION 21 BOX 1-1 Statement of Task The National Academies will convene an ad hoc committee to conduct a study on the movement and relocation of people, infrastructure, and communities away from environmentally high-risk areas, sometimes referred to as managed retreat, in the Gulf Coast Region of the United States. In particular, the study will focus on understanding and responding to the unique challenges in the face of a changing climate along the U.S.
|
From page 22... ...
22 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION nonprofits, community members) and jurisdictions (e.g., local, regional, state, federal)
|
From page 23... ...
INTRODUCTION 23 America, the Caribbean, Acadia (present-day Canada) , and Asia, as well as other traditional populations that inhabit the U.S.
|
From page 24... ...
24 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION State Legislatures The committee hopes that state legislatures -- which are responsible for researching, drafting, and passing legislation and whose members represent their districts and work to meet citizens' requests for assistance with a variety of issues -- can use this report to support the enactment of policies and possibly facilitate the establishment of regional planning entities within or between states. Municipal, Parish, and County-Level Government Officials Officials at these levels inform community planning, including comprehensive plans, local hazard mitigation plans, climate adaptation plans, and others.
|
From page 25... ...
INTRODUCTION 25 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
|
From page 26... ...
26 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION of the entire Gulf Coast (see Figure 1-1) , which is an area that generally aligns with the state coastal zone boundaries of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's)
|
From page 27... ...
INTRODUCTION 27 The U.S. Gulf Coast Region experiences increasingly intense tropical cyclones, which bring strong winds, heavy rain, storm surge, and high waves, and sea level rise is increasing (see Chapter 2)
|
From page 28... ...
28 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION UNDERSTANDING MANAGED RETREAT To meet the study charge, the committee deemed it important to consider what is meant by the term "managed retreat" and thus to identify the scope of our inquiry. As the study charge notes, "managed retreat" is a phrase used by some researchers and policy makers to describe organized efforts to relocate and resettle individuals and communities and to move infrastructure away from hazardous areas (Carey, 2020; Pinter, 2021a; Siders, 2019)
|
From page 29... ...
INTRODUCTION 29 we consider throughout. The remainder of this section gives an overview of some of the key issues encountered in these efforts.
|
From page 30... ...
30 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION in ways that result in community-driven decision making, effective use of resources, and equitable processes. The statement of task charges the committee to identify "short- and long-term steps necessary for community stakeholders to plan and implement the movement of people," but the charge does not specify whether the committee should also consider the preconditions necessary for communities to entertain the idea of relocating as a full community (i.e., people and infrastructure)
|
From page 31... ...
INTRODUCTION 31 What Is the Difference Between Managed Retreat and Other Forms of Relocation? In developing a common definition of "managed retreat," it is tempting to use the questions listed above -- who manages the retreat, what type of relocation (e.g., buyouts)
|
From page 32... ...
32 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN RELOCATION might involve multiple communities, parishes, trans-state boundaries, jurisdictions, watersheds, and ecosystems. The following section discusses the need to keep affected communities at the center of decision making in any "managed retreat" scenario, including in the terminology used in discussing this complex topic, and puts forward "community-driven relocation" as a term more in line with that stance.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.