Social Media and Adolescent Health (2024) / Chapter Skim
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5 Design Features
5 Design Features
Pages 137-154
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From page 137... ...
The committee recognizes that perfect controls over what users see is not a realistic or necessarily desirable expectation for social media companies. But there are provisions that can be incorporated into the design of apps, games, and websites that limit the personal information companies collect, the types of content available, and the prompts to extend time on a platform.
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From page 138... ...
It also discourages the persuasive design features (i.e., features intended to extend the time spent on a platform such as push notifications and tones when new content is posted) that extend use, especially at night, and promotes a high standard for content moderation.
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From page 139... ...
But even the IEEE standard offers fewer specifics on content moderation. Its guidance encourages companies to make investments in moderation proportionate to risk, that terms of content moderation should be clear, and that parents and children should have a means for redress (IEEE, 2021)
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From page 140... ...
. Allowing researchers and civil society watchdogs access to social media data and review of their algorithms would allow for a better understanding of how social media platforms influence young people for better or worse.
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From page 141... ...
. A general lack of transparency regarding social media operations has bred public distrust of the platforms and the companies that run them.
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From page 142... ...
Without such standards outside auditors cannot judge the effectiveness of content moderation or the role of a platform's advertising or recommendation algorithms in promoting harmful content. Harmonized standards are also the basis of comprehensible public disclosures, such as those governing terms and conditions of using an online service, or measures taken to counter harassment or hate speech.
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From page 143... ...
Inputs refer to actions taken by the platform, while outputs are partially driven by the platform but are also shaped by the behaviors of users. Inputs can include processes for content moderation or data use, content of privacy agreements, and mandatory disclosures to users, all reflective of decisions largely within the platform's control.
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From page 144... ...
This information, like certain audit and systemic risk reports, should be available on request to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
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From page 145... ...
TABLE 5-1 Operationalizing Standards for Social Media Operations, Transparency, and Data Use Aim Input Examples Output Examples Transferable Work Content-based health To analyze the nature The amount and type of Reports on the amount measures of the content with resources dedicated to of cyberbullying implications for users' ensuring harmful content experienced by the 25%, health and well-being is identified and demoted 10%, 5%, and 1% most bullied users tracked over time (platform-level measure) Reports on the amount of cyberbullying found in a specific subcommunity, e.g., Facebook group (community-level measure)
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From page 146... ...
TABLE 5-1 Continued 146 Aim Input Examples Output Examples Transferable Work Reports on the amount of cyberbullying attacks experienced by a user, reported to that user on request (user-level measure) The public content Reports on material moderation policy, taken down, proportion the number of content of moderation decisions moderators appealed The amount of resources Reports on the amount of dedicated to ensuring harmful content served to advertising algorithms do adolescents through ads not expose adolescents to harmful content Network-based health To track the extent to The amount and type Reports on the fraction measures which social connection of resources dedicated of user connections on the platform is to discerning network that promote social positive and the extent to quality connectedness which it is negative Privacy and security To better align privacy Privacy setting Reports on privacy The UK open banking and security settings with portability and security that initiative, wherein nine major user preferences To allow users to state measure how users' banks developed an industry privacy preferences once understanding of the standard for customers to and deploy them across privacy and security transfer their financial dataa apps and platforms policy evolve over time
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From page 147... ...
preferencesb Data use To clarify what types of Predictive models to Proxy indicators such data algorithms can use identify young people in as proportion of young mental health crisis people in suspected mental health crisis seeing ads about support services A public database of Advertising algorithms advertising targeting audited and audit reports criteria shared with FTC Operational To improve Reports on the actions Recommendation transparency understanding of how taken to make the algorithms audited and the platforms work platform's operations audit reports shared with more transparent FTC NOTE: a Brown, 2022; b Cranor, 2003.
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From page 148... ...
Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act gives the FTC the authority to penalize firms that engage in unfair or deceptive business practices, although this provision includes an exception enacted in 1980 prohibiting the FTC from using its unfairness authority to promulgate rules governing children's advertising.3 Using this authority, the agency has brought enforcement actions against companies that have failed to honor commitments made in their privacy policies and other similar documents (FTC, 2023)
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From page 149... ...
. 5 Federal Trade Commission, "16 CFR Chapter I: Trade Regulation Rule on Commercial Surveillance and Data Security," Federal Register 87, No.
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From page 150... ...
Social media operations are remarkably poorly understood, especially for products so influential and widely used. Accessible and comparable standards would be an aid to consumers who want a valid indicator of various platforms' commitment to data privacy, content moderation, and other important aspects of the user experience.
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From page 151... ...
2021. Federal Trade Commission 2020 privacy and data security update.
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From page 152... ...
2021. How online platform transparency can improve content moderation and algorithmic performance.
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From page 153... ...
Common Sense Media. https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/ default/files/research/report/8-18-census-integrated-report-final-web_0.pdf (accessed September 18, 2023)
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