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5: Other Issues
Pages 55-58

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From page 55... ... As indicated in Chapter 2, specific deterministic effects such as reduction in fertility, cataractogenesis, and damage to the central nervous system are important in assessing the total risk posed by prolonged sojourns in the radiation environments in space. The effects of heavy ions on the central nervous system are of particular importance. Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... The use of fluorescence in situ hybridization allows reciprocal translocations to be assessed following protracted exposure. A translocation is a significant chromosomal end point when considering genomic alterations that are associated with adverse health effects. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... Recent ground-based experiments, summarized by Kronenberg, on radiation-induced DNA fragmentation, neoplastic transformation of cells plated 24 hours after irradiation, and the effects of a chemical radioprotector on mutation induction showed that DNA repair and cell recovery take place readily after low-LET radiation, but not following exposure to HZE particles.7 Since the only reported significant effect of microgravity may be on DNA repair and cell recovery following low-LET exposure and there seems to be no DNA repair/cell recovery following high-LET exposure, microgravity should not be important for HZE particle effects. The above considerations indicate that HZE particles are a very important factor in the damage resulting from long space missions and that the effects of microgravity probably will not alter the cellular response to HZE particles but might actually increase the effect of low-LET radiation. Read the entire page →

From page 55...

... As indicated in Chapter 2, specific deterministic effects such as reduction in fertility, cataractogenesis, and damage to the central nervous system are important in assessing the total risk posed by prolonged sojourns in the radiation environments in space. The effects of heavy ions on the central nervous system are of particular importance.

Read the entire page →

From page 56...

... The use of fluorescence in situ hybridization allows reciprocal translocations to be assessed following protracted exposure. A translocation is a significant chromosomal end point when considering genomic alterations that are associated with adverse health effects.

Read the entire page →

From page 57...

... Recent ground-based experiments, summarized by Kronenberg, on radiation-induced DNA fragmentation, neoplastic transformation of cells plated 24 hours after irradiation, and the effects of a chemical radioprotector on mutation induction showed that DNA repair and cell recovery take place readily after low-LET radiation, but not following exposure to HZE particles.7 Since the only reported significant effect of microgravity may be on DNA repair and cell recovery following low-LET exposure and there seems to be no DNA repair/cell recovery following high-LET exposure, microgravity should not be important for HZE particle effects. The above considerations indicate that HZE particles are a very important factor in the damage resulting from long space missions and that the effects of microgravity probably will not alter the cellular response to HZE particles but might actually increase the effect of low-LET radiation.

Read the entire page →

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5: Other Issues Pages 55-58

5: Other Issues
Pages 55-58