Low-Altitude Wind Shear and Its Hazard to Aviation (1983) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Pages 11-18
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From page 11... ...
A detailed map of the wind-shear patterns at the time of the crash was constructed from an analysis of available data, including meteorological satellite photographs and surface weather observations and measurements (Fujita, 1976; Lewellen et al., 1976~. The analysis provided valuable insight into the characteristics of violent downburst -Inless specified otherwise in this report, wind shear is the difference of wind velocity at two points divided by the distance between the two points.
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From page 12... ...
, whereby safety-related incidents involving aircraft operations are submitted voluntarily and treated anonymously, with the expectation that potential flight safety problems may be identified and corrective action suggested. A total of 26 reports have been indexed as wind shear related out of nearly 21,600 reports received since May 1, 1978.
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From page 13... ...
The rarity and lack of a reliable statistical data base on windshear-related accidents, shear encounters, or even the frequency of occurrence of potentially hazardous wind shears does not diminish the importance or severity of the safety problem. The potentially catastrophic consequences of an encounter during takeoff or approach and landing require that wind shear always be taken into account as a primary safety consideration when weather conditions are such that strong wind shears may be present.
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From page 14... ...
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From page 15... ...
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From page 16... ...
In support of this rule, FAA inspectors were directed to ensure that the air carriers provided pilot training for adverse weather operations, applying the information on wind-shear hazards contained in the FAA's Advisory Circular AC 00-50 . In 1979 the FAA published an updated advisory circular (AC 00-50A, dated 1/23/79 ~ and developed a pilot training film to provide detailed information, guidance, and training to cope with wind shear during takeoff or landing operations, based on newly acquired data.
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From page 17... ...
, VA W Palm Beach, FL Wichita, KS Albany, NY Fayetteville, NC Montgomery, AL Asheville, NC Fort Smith, AR Pensacola, FL Augusta, GA Fort Myers, FL Peoria, IL Austin, TX Grand Rapids, MI Richmond, VA Baton Rouge, LA Green Bay, WI Rochester, MN Billings, MT Greensboro, NC San Francisco, CA Bristol, TN Greer, SC Savannah, FA Cedar Rapids, LA Honolulu Oahu, HI Shreveport, LA Charleston, SC Huntsville, AL Sioux City, LA Charleston, WV Lansing, MI Sioux Falls, SD Chattanooga, TN Lexington, KY Springfield (Capitol)
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From page 18... ...
In this connection, however, the FAA has prepared an advisory circular presenting criteria for operational approval of airborne wind-shear alerting and flight guidance systems and wind-shear detection and avoidance systems. These proposed criteria, including presently available mathematical models of a variety of wind-shear and turbulence fields, are intended to permit FAA acceptance of concepts designed to enable pilots to recognize the presence of wind shear, to optimize their reactions, and to fully utilize the performance capabilities of their aircraf t to cope with a wind-shear hazard that may be encountered .
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