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(NAS Colloquium) Earthquake Prediction The Scientific Challenge (1996) / Chapter Skim
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Geochemical challenge to earthquake prediction
Pages 3781-3786

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From page 3781...
... The Third Plan was oriented toward developing new observation tools, which include adoption of a system for rapid data transmission by telemetry, three seismograms installed at the bottom of 3000-m deep wells in the Tokyo area, cable-type submarine seismographs off the Tokai region, and a series of borehole-type volumetric strainmeter networks consisting of 31 observation sites. The Third Plan was revised twice to cope with anomalous crustal movements in the Tokai region and to encourage introduction of new techniques including geochemical study and groundwater observation.
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From page 3782...
... Collection of real-time data from about 300 sites will drastically change the concept of crustal deformation observation in the earthquake prediction program in Japan. | Destructive Earthquakes| / I l: .
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From page 3783...
... Such results could be obtained only under minimal conditions including development of continuous monitoring instruments, establishment of fixed observation wells in places relatively unaffected by human activities, establishment of a data transmission system, and maintenance of observations. The Tokai district and Izu Peninsula were chosen as test sites for geochemical monitoring, and the district was designated as an Area of Intensified Observation in February 1974.
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From page 3784...
... ,l ~ I I I 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 FIG.3. Long-term variations in the radon concentration observed at the SKE site in Izu Peninsula together with relative seismic activity in and around Izu Peninsula.
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From page 3785...
... 4. Precursory Changes and the Kobe Earthquake Possible precursory changes of chemical components dissolved in groundwater were observed associated with the destructive earthquake (M7.2)
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From page 3786...
... The sensitivity change is thought to be caused by changes in physical properties of rocks including opening and closure of microcracks. A possible precursory change in groundwater chemistry at the time of the 1995 Kobe earthquake will substantiate the importance of geochemical and hydrological study.
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Key Terms

  • prediction program
  • izu peninsula
  • kobe earthquake
  • precursory changes
  • water level

  • crustal deformation
  • continuous monitoring
  • radon concentration
  • seismic activity
  • tokai region

  • destructive earthquake
  • regional stress
  • observation data
  • chemical composition
  • radon drop

  • prediction plan
  • radon change
  • coseismic radon
  • third plan
  • observation sites

  • deformation measurement
  • groundwater observations
  • monitoring instruments
  • anomalous changes
  • geodetic survey

  • active faults
  • groundwater observation
  • precursory radon
  • radon drops
  • coordinating committee


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