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The Role of Chromium in Animal Nutrition (1997) / Chapter Skim
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2 Chromium and Metabolism
Pages 10-14

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From page 10...
... (1990) demonstrated that suboptimal intake of chromium by humans leads to detrimental changes in glucose, insulin, and glucagon status of subjects with slightly impaired glucose tolerance.
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From page 11...
... monkey, guinea pig Human, rat, pig Human, rat Human, rat, mouse Human, rat, mouse, turkey Human Human, rat, mouse, cattle, pig Rabbit, rat, mouse Rabbit Human Human Rat, squirrel monkey Human Rat Rat, mouse Human Human Human, pig, rat Human, pig Cattle Cattle Source: Anderson, 1994 CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM The first suggestion that chromium participates in carbohydrate metabolism in animals was the report of Schwarz and Mertz (1957~. They observed that GTF, which was shown later to contain chromium (Schwarz and Mertz, 1959)
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From page 12...
... Blood lipids of humans with the greatest concentrations of blood cholesterol and triacylglycerols decrease the most after chromium supplementation. Because many factors cause elevated blood lipids, only those hyperlipemic individuals with marginal chromium status would be candidates for improvements in clinical status by chromium supplementation.
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From page 13...
... Symptoms of chromium deficiency are aggravated by a low-protein diet, exercise, blood loss, and infection (Mertz and Roginski, 1969; Roginski and Mertz, 1969~. The intriguing possibility that supplemental chromium increases longevity and retards aging by improving immune function and enhancing resistance to infectious diseases is being investigated (Burton et al., 1996~.
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From page 14...
... Several DNA lesions also can be observed after Cr+6 exposure; for example, DNA strand breaks, DNA interstrand cross-links, DNA-protein cross-links, and nucleotide derivatives caused by reactive oxygen species can be formed and cause abnormal phenotypes (Alexander, 1993~. For livestock, the National Research Council (1980)
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Key Terms

  • glucose tolerance
  • glucose metabolism
  • human human
  • chromium status
  • blood lipids

  • amino acid
  • dietary chromium
  • impaired glucose
  • chromium deficiency
  • supplemental chromium

  • animal tissues
  • mouse human
  • human rat
  • chromium toxicity
  • supplemental dietary

  • pig human
  • rat human
  • lipid metabolism
  • acid uptake
  • factors cause

  • chromium determines
  • oxygen species
  • derivatives caused
  • peripheral tissues
  • ribonucleic acid

  • coordinated complexes
  • chromium increases
  • tolerable concentrations
  • dna interstrand
  • dna strand


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