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Environmental Epidemiology, Volume 2 Use of the Gray Literature and Other Data in Environmental Epidemiology (1997) / Chapter Skim
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Index
Pages 181-189

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From page 181...
... See Storage and Retrieval of Aerometric Data Aged populations, susceptibility of, 84 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4, 14-15, 28-29, 99, 102-103, 116-118, 121-122, 155156, 174-175 Air pollution, 47-49 airborne particulate, 6, 45, 69-73 ambient, 47 factors affecting uptake of, 7 indoor, 9, 39,147 measuring, 32, 38-41, 43 smog, 7, 46, 48 toxic, 4 Air-quality standards, 70-72 Alcohol use. See Lifestyle factors Alpha probabilities, 21 181 Alternating-conditional-expectations regression, 142 Alzheimer's disease, 74 Ambulance calls, tracking, 111 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 74 Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
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From page 182...
... See also Case-cohort studies Complex mixtures. See Chemicals, mixed Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, 116 Confidence bounds, 22 Confidentiality issues, 120-123 Confounding factors, 5-6, 15-16, 19, 22, 50, 83, 120, 134, 174 Congenital anomalies, 2, 78-79, 162-163, 167-168 Congenital Malformations Surveillance Report, 168 Consumer products, measuring concentrations of, 38-39 Cox proportional hazard model, 144 Cross-sectional surveys, 19-20, 114 Croup attacks, 71
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From page 183...
... See Surveillance systems Diseases acute, 70-72 chronic, 3, 8, 51, 72-73, 114 infectious, 2-3, 8, 118 multifactorial, 6, 18, 20, 114, 149 rare, 12, 21, 124 shifting patterns of, 86 of unknown etiology, 1-3, 10, 24, 68 Dose applied, 29 biologically effective, 29, 56-59 cumulative, 61 defined, 29, 51 internal, 29, 32-33, 40-41, 56, 59, 101104, 106-107 patterns, 24, 30, 80 potential, 29, 32-33 tissue, 59 Dose-response relations, 2-3, 15, 19, 31, 34, 44, 49, 61. See also Epidemiology studies, inferring causality in; Statistical techniques consistency of, 23 correlated data, 133-142 covariant correlations, 139-142 longitudinal correlations, 134-135 random-effect correlations, 136139 serial correlations, 135-136 discrete data, 132-133 nonlinearity in, 54, 142-144 183 specificity of, 23 strength of, 22-23 unknown relations, 142-144 Dosimetric modeling.
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From page 184...
... See Sampling, personal Hazardous-waste sites, 4, 7-8, 39, 4950, 54-55, 61, 78-79, 107, 167-168. See also Superfund sites Health Care Financing Administration, 115-116, 177 Health Effects Institute Environmental Epidemiology Planning Project, 131 Health Interview Survey (HIS)
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From page 185...
... See Modeling Mathematical transformations, 143 Measurements errors in, 21, 43, 148-149 of exposure, 28-31, 61 of human health effects, 8 types needed to characterize exposure, 36-41 Medline, 1 MEDPAR, 104 Mercury, 77, 124 Mestimates, 145 Meta-analysis, 23, 71, 179 Methyl mercury, 13, 69 Microenvironmental studies, 38-39, 47 Miscarriages, 77, 165-167 Misclassification, 23, 42-44, 47, 50, 59, 61 Modeling, 7, 18, 145-149. See also Statistical techniques covariance (See Dose-response relations, correlated data)
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From page 186...
... , 123 National Occupational Exposure Survey, 104 National Occupational Hazards Survey, 111 National Priority List (of sites) , 100, 102, 117-118 National Research Council, 1, 3-4, 2829, 31, 68, 162 National Stream Quality Accounting Network, 99 National Toxicology Program, 76-77 INDEX National Vital Statistics Program, 108 109, 178 Negatives, false, 21, 140, 174 Nested case-control studies, 18-19, 148 Neurologic symptomatology, 2, 20, 23, 69, 73-76, 164-165, 168 NGA.
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From page 187...
... See Doseresponse relations, correlated data Recall bias, 17, 49, 54-56 Recommendations, 85-87, 123-126, 173-179 187 Reconstructed dose. See Dose, internal Regression, 132-133 Regulatory considerations, 102, 155 Relative risk, 20, 22-23, 69, 176 Renal health effects, 80 Reproductive health effects, 2-3, 76-77, 86, 162-169 Resampling, 141 Reserve capacity, of immune system, 83 Respiratory ailments, 2, 9, 30, 43, 48, 69-73.
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From page 188...
... See Statistical techniques Silica, 54 Silicon carbide, 59 Six Cities Study of Air Pollution and Health, 48, 71 Skin patch samples. See Sampling, personal Smoking.
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From page 189...
... See Chemicals, volatile organic 189 W Water contaminants, 78 factors affecting uptake of,, measuring, 32, 40-41, 49 World Bank, 2, 4, 170
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Key Terms

  • tobacco smoke
  • epidemiology studies
  • correlated data
  • health interview
  • statistical techniques

  • environmental epidemiology
  • biologic markers
  • sediment contaminants
  • volatile organic
  • toxic substances

  • exposure assessment
  • lifestyle factors
  • inferring causality
  • aerometric data
  • human exposure

  • nutrition examination
  • examination survey
  • pollutant discharges
  • cohort studies
  • birth defects

  • relative risk
  • national human
  • suspended particle
  • odds ratio
  • exposed populations

  • status data
  • developing world
  • assessment survey
  • tissue contaminants
  • reauthorization act


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