Biographical Memoirs Volume 72 (1997) / Chapter Skim
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MILTON STANLEY LIVINGSTON
MILTON STANLEY LIVINGSTON
Pages 264-287
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others. Milton Stanley Livingston was born in Broac~heacI, Wisconsin, on May 25, 1905, the son of Milton McWhorter Livingston en c!
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a particle traverses it at the peak phase of the oscillation, the total energy gained by a particle in N traversals is N times e V Thus, a small applied voltage V can lead to a large final energy. Lawrence suggested that Livingston verify this iclea experimentally.
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This was enough for Lawrence to apply for grants to built! a new crevice of this type capable of going up to energies useful for nuclear disintegration experiments.
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Lawrence, but recognizes! almost immediately-was that the electric field inside the dees produced electric focusing, which kept the particles from flying off to the top or bottom of the chamber as they hac!
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we were busy all that clay clemonstrating million-volt protons to eager viewers.") Lawrence lost no time raising money for a bigger magnet, en c!
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others, was an active participant in these nuclear physics experiments, as well as the cyclotron development work. They kept in constant touch with English en c!
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One of the significant accomplishments at Cornell was the demonstration that the neutron has a magnetic moment. In 1938 Robley Evans at MIT began a project to built!
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Philip Morse became director of this new laboratory. Its mission was to establish research facilities on a scale too large for a single university en c!
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soon the proton synchrotron became the primary focus of the Brookhaven accelerator project. The cyclotron was eventually ciroppecI.
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on teaching en c! supervising graduate students.
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visitors, en c! to lay the grouncIwork for the Cambridge accelerator project.
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I pointer! out immecliately that a parameter known as the focusing gradient n, which governs the orbit focusing properties first enunciatec!
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a paper for the Physical Review. This paper described the new "strong focusing" principle en c!
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This clic! not sit well with the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
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the Lake of Geneva, traversing mountain passes with magnificent views of the Alps. Stan excIaimecI, "A mountain like Mont Blanc wouIc!
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It was that characteristic that enabled him to attract so bright and promising a staff of young physicists to design and build the CEA: Tom Collins, Gerry Fischer, Ewan Paterson, Ken Robinson, Gus Voss, Herman Winick and the list goes on. Most of these people went on to brilliant and creative careers of their own.
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a new laboratory, the National Accelerator Laboratory, which was cleclicatec! to the construction of a proton accelerator of at least 200 GeV.
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Stanley Livingston received a number of honors, mostly late in life. He received honorary degrees from Dartmouth College (1963)
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The Niels Bohr Library of the American Institute of Physics made available a transcript of an interview with Stanley Livingston held in 1967. Robert Crease lent me a videotape of an interview conducted at Livingston's Santa Fe home in October 1982.
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Artificial radioactivity produced by the deuteron bombardment of nitrogen.
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The Cambridge electron accelerator. Science 134:1186-93.
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New York: McGraw-Hill. 1969 Particle Accelerators: A Brief History.
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