Injury in America A Continuing Public Health Problem (1985) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Recommendations for an Injury Research and Training Agenda
Appendix A: Recommendations for an Injury Research and Training Agenda
Pages 139-148
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From page 139... ...
In addition, each type of injury is treated as a separate problem, without integration of research results. Surveillance systems for motor-vehicle injuries, injuries associated with consumer products, and occupational injuries are operated separately at a greater cost than would be necessary for a general injury surveillance system, which would have the additional advantage of including injuries not followed in any current system.
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From page 140... ...
The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) maintains a system for gathering data from selected hospital emergency rooms, but the cases reported exclude intentionally inflicted injuries and are limited to injuries from one or more of the products in the regulatory jur isdiction of CPSC.
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From page 141... ...
For example, we do not know whether the decrease in injuries associated with particular toys and household products among children as they grow up results from improvement in the ability to handle these items as a function of development, learning, or reduced exposure. These potential explanations lead to different possibilities for intervention during the periods of life in which specific types of injur ies are prevalent.
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From page 142... ...
PROBLEM The enormous contribution of kinetic energy to injury and the substantial reductions in crashes related to modest changes in motor-vehicle lighting and improvement in road definition suggest that subtle problems in the perception of motion relative to the ability to react are important in injury causation. The psychologic propensity for perception of personal invulnerability and physical limits on perception and reaction are little understood.
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From page 143... ...
The parallel in age and sex distribution of persons involved in some types of unintentional and assaultive injuries suggests the possibility that similar mechanisms con tr ibute to both . RECO~DATION A program of research in physiologic factors in assaultive and other injuries associated with persons in similar age and sex categor ies should receive support.
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From page 144... ...
As discussed in detail in Chapter 4, design of less injurious environments depends at least partly on knowledge of the effects of specific energy exposures on specific human tissues. Although we know the approximate limits of forces that can be tolerated by healthy persons in rapid deceleration, we do not have refined data on effects on nervous tissues and tissues outside particular size and structural ranges.
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From page 145... ...
Indeed, the haphazard availability of scarce funds results in the periodic assembly and disassembly of research groups, which prevents sustained development of knowledge and expertise. It also results in an inadequate research base and in expenditures that in the long run are greater than those which would be necessary in sustained research efforts.
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From page 146... ...
PROBLEM Contracture from burn injuries limits functional body movement, and resulting disfigurement leads to social withdrawal and accompanying problems. RECOMMENDATION Research on the pathophys iology of burn injury should be increased, with an eye to reducing the degree of contracture and disf inurement.
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From page 147... ...
TRAINING AND ORGANIZATION FOR INJURY CONTROL PROBLEM Given the neglect of injury in academic training centers and the small number of researchers who have developed the knowledge and skills to produce competent science in the field, it is unlikely that all the identified research tasks could be undertaken immediately even if funding for such efforts were available. This is partly a chicken-and-egg problem, in that the best research training occurs in settings where sustained research programs are in progress.
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From page 148... ...
The funds needed to reach the research and training goals in specific periods should be estimated. PROBLEM Present organizational arrangements have proved incapable of allocating resources or activating and managing the needed epidemiologic, preventive, biomechanical, clinical, and rehabilitative research and development needed for rational programs to prevent injury and treat and rehabilitate its ViCtiB.
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