From Generation to Generation The Health and Well-Being of Children in Immigrant Families (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Socioeconomic and Demographic Indicators
Appendix B: Socioeconomic and Demographic Indicators
Pages 211-271
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All First and Second Generations8,373 22 33 31 All Third and Later Generations52,685 17 24 39 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 11 17 42 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 40 51 25 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 10 14 38 American Indian562 38 51 24 Hispanic3,489 31 42 31 First and Second Generations by Country of Origin: Laos113 51 65 16 Cambodia64 46 62 19 Dominican Republic179 42 55 24 USSR62 36 42 23 Mexico2,618 35 52 22 Thailand69 33 42 29 Vietnam226 31 42 29 Guatemala101 30 46 24 Honduras52 29 46 26 El Salvador203 27 44 26 Nicaragua74 27 43 28 Haiti105 26 39 30 Jordan19 25 35 31 Belize16 23 31 35 1 ran20 21 30 39 Ecuador64 20 31 36
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 213 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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(percent) Venezuela 22 20 25 37 Israel 60 19 25 31 Trinidad and Tobago 52 18 28 37 Colombia 117 17 27 37 Pakistan 39 16 23 36 Costa Rica 23 16 26 38 Panama 40 16 25 37 Brazil 31 16 24 39 Romania 26 15 22 32 Spain 27 15 21 39 Lebanon 36 15 23 34 Jamaica 132 15 25 37 Guyana 46 15 22 41 Nigeria 34 15 27 35 China 131 14 24 30 1 Indonesia 17 14 19 37 1 ran 76 14 19 32 Cuba 211 14 22 38 Peru 61 13 25 37 Korea 231 12 19 38 Syria 15 12 21 33 Taiwan 97 11 15 33 Argentina 35 11 19 38 Yugoslavia 44 10 16 42 Hong Kong 56 10 16 33 Chile 21 10 18 37 Australia 18 10 16 32 Austria 21 9 14 41 France 41 9 13 34 Hungary 25 9 14 35 Egypt 29 9 15 36 Germany 258 8 14 40
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 215 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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(percent) Greece 68 8 16 42 Japan 100 8 12 37 Barbados 15 8 16 47 Poland 80 7 12 45 Turkey 15 7 13 32 Italy 179 6 11 45 Portugal 77 6 11 51 United Kingdom 209 6 10 38 Canada 263 6 11 39 South Africa 15 6 10 25 Netherlands 38 5 11 39 1 ndia 175 5 9 35 Philippines 399 5 10 45 1 relend 44 4 7 41 Note: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generation combined.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 217 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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All First and Second Generations 8,373 11 All Third and Later Generations 52,685 8 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 3 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 30 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 4 American Indian562 14 Hispanic3,489 17 First and Second Generations by Country of Origin: Laos113 17 Cambodia64 29 Dominican Republic179 54 USSR62 23 Mexico2,618 10 Thailand69 15 Vietnam226 13 Guatemala101 18 Honduras52 22 El Salvador203 15 Nicaragua74 13 Haiti105 24 Jordan19 8 Belize16 19 I ran20 4 Ecuador64 24 Venezuela22 6 Israel60 13 Trinidadand Tobago52 29 Colombia117 13 Pakistan39 7 Costa Rica23 14
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 219 Children with no Children living in Children in telephone in their homes houses built before 1950 crowded homes (percent) (percent)
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(percent) Panama 40 16 Brazil 31 7 Romania 26 8 Spain 27 8 Lebanon 36 4 Jamaica 132 22 Guyana 46 30 Nigeria 34 10 China 131 18 I Indonesia 17 4 1 ran 76 4 Cuba 211 6 Peru 61 11 Korea 231 3 Syria 15 2 Taiwan 97 3 Argentina 35 6 Yugoslavia 44 6 Hong Kong 56 9 Chile 21 6 Australia 18 5 Austria 21 5 France 41 5 Hungary 25 8 Egypt 29 4 Germany 258 3 Greece 68 4 Japan 100 3 Barbados 15 29 Poland 80 5 Turkey 15 4 Italy 179 4 Portugal 77 4 United Kingdom 209 3 Canada 263 2
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 221 Children with no Children living in Children in telephone in their homes houses built before 1950 crowded homes (percent) (percent)
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Children in households with no car or truck (percent) South Africa Netherlands I ndia Philippines I relend 15 38 175 399 44 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generation combined.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 223 Children with no Children living in Children in telephone in their homes houses built before 1950 crowded homes (percent) (percent)
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All First and Second Generations 8,373 7 31 42 All Third and Later Generations 52~685 5 21 34 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 4 19 34 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 11 34 33 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 4 18 29 American Indian562 14 46 40 Hispanic3,489 8 30 43 First and Second Generations by Country of Origin: Laos113 48 68 66 Cambodia64 41 60 65 Dominican Republic179 11 38 52 USSR62 21 54 46 Mexico2,618 7 38 50 Thailand69 30 46 53 Vietnam226 19 42 46 Guatemala101 5 31 41 Honduras52 8 37 41 El Salvador203 5 32 34 Nicaragua74 5 32 31 Haiti105 8 36 22 Jordan19 11 30 68 Belize16 9 33 31 1 ran20 10 30 61 Ecuador64 4 30 39 Venezuela22 8 28 47 Israel60 7 26 54 Trinidad and Tobago52 8 34 25
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Children with mothers not in the labor force (percent) Colombia 117 4 28 38 Pakistan 39 4 26 60 Costa Rica 23 8 31 38 Panama 40 6 27 29 Brazil 31 6 28 47 Romania 26 9 26 46 Spain 27 5 26 40 Lebanon 36 9 27 61 Jamaica 132 6 29 17 Guyana 46 6 28 26 Nigeria 34 6 38 26 China 131 5 27 31 1 ndonesia 17 10 29 41 1 ran 76 8 28 46 Cuba 211 4 22 34 Peru 61 4 27 35 Korea 231 6 26 39 Syria 15 8 32 58 Taiwan 97 6 23 40 Argentina 35 3 21 44 Yugoslavia 44 6 26 42 Hong Kong 56 6 21 31 Chile 21 3 19 38 Australia 18 4 16 49 Austria 21 4 19 35 France 41 3 20 43 Hungary 25 5 20 41 Egypt 29 4 23 42 Germany 258 3 18 37 Greece 68 6 26 46 Japan 100 4 20 58 Barbados 15 5 23 20 Poland 80 4 21 34 Turkey 15 4 20 48 continued on next page
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Children with mothers not in the labor force (percent) Italy Portugal United Kingdom Canada South Africa Netherlands I ndia Philippines I relend 179 77 209 263 15 38 5 21 5 27 3 3 4 2 175 2 399 5 44 4 17 18 17 14 19 22 18 42 47 29 38 38 48 39 35 18 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generation combined.
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percent) All First and Second Generations8,373 25 26 24 16 All Third and Later Generations52,685 3 3 26 18 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 3 2 28 20 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 6 4 12 9 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 1 1 40 31 American Indian562 8 6 9 7 Hispanic3,489 9 10 12 7 First and Second Generations by Country of Origin: Laos113 41 60 7 3 Cambodia64 42 60 6 2 Dominican Republic179 27 30 9 5 USSR62 8 6 41 36 Mexico2,618 55 52 4 2 Thailand69 25 45 24 13 Vietnam226 21 32 18 8 Guatemala101 35 38 9 5 Honduras52 23 24 13 7 El Salvador203 37 40 6 Nicaragua74 17 17 21 11 Haiti105 14 17 14 10 Jordan19 11 12 29 11 Belize16 10 7 14 7 1 ran20 13 21 25 16 continued on next page
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Ecuador 64 14 13 18 9 Venezuela 22 6 5 45 28 Israel 60 5 6 41 32 Trinidad and Tobago 52 7 5 18 12 Colombia 117 11 12 22 13 Pakistan 39 3 8 65 41 Costa Rica 23 11 12 20 13 Panama 40 2 3 26 17 Brazil 31 9 10 40 29 Romania 26 9 10 38 31 Spain 27 12 12 29 19 Lebanon 36 14 12 35 21 Jamaica 132 8 5 19 15 Guyana 46 6 8 23 12 Nigeria 34 0 2 80 45 China 131 18 20 39 28 1 Indonesia 17 2 4 54 34 1 ran 76 2 3 68 39 Cuba 211 12 9 25 16 Peru 61 5 6 29 17 Korea 231 2 7 43 28 Syria 15 10 11 41 19 Taiwan 97 3 4 73 52 Argentina 35 9 7 34 25 Yugoslavia 44 18 19 18 14 Hong Kong 56 13 14 43 30 Chile 21 5 5 33 22 Australia 18 3 1 50 33 Austria 21 2 1 45 37 France 41 4 2 49 36 Hungary 25 6 3 39 29 Egypt 29 1 2 67 44 Germany 258 2 2 35 22
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Greece 68 23 19 21 17 Japan 100 2 2 55 32 Barbados 15 8 4 18 14 Poland 80 7 5 30 23 Turkey 15 10 9 41 32 Italy 179 19 16 19 14 Portugal 77 43 39 7 5 United Kingdom 209 1 1 43 26 Canada 263 3 2 40 26 South Africa 15 0 1 68 40 Netherlands 38 2 1 41 26 1 ndia 175 2 4 76 59 Philippines 399 3 6 39 46 1 relend 44 5 3 31 19 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generation combined. Source: Hernandez and Darke (1998~.
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All First and Second Generations 8,373 67 All Third and Later Generations 52,685 6 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 3 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 3 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 8 American Indian562 18 Hispanic3,489 43 First and Second Generations by Country of Origin: Laos113 96 Cambodia64 93 Dominican Republic179 93 USSR62 84 Mexico2,618 91 Thailand69 66 Vietnam226 87 Guatemala101 90 Honduras52 79 El Salvador203 94 Nicaragua74 89 Haiti105 75 Jordan19 62 Belize16 18 I ran20 69 Ecuador64 85 Venezuela22 70 Israel60 65 Trinidad and Tobago52 6 Colombia117 84 Pakistan39 72
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 231 Children who are not Children who U.S. citizens, or who have do not speak English Children not at least 1 parent in the home exclusively or very well U.S.
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Children who do not speak English at home (percent) Costa Rica 23 68 Panama 40 42 Brazil 31 67 Romania 26 73 Spain 27 64 Lebanon 36 71 Jamaica 132 6 Guyana 46 7 Nigeria 34 23 China 131 81 I Indonesia 17 41 1 ran 76 68 Cuba 211 81 Peru 61 81 Korea 231 65 Syria 15 61 Taiwan 97 80 Argentina 35 69 Yugoslavia 44 61 Hong Kong 56 79 Chile 21 74 Australia 18 13 Austria 21 26 France 41 46 Hungary 25 43 Egypt 29 56 Germany 258 18 Greece 68 70 Japan 100 54 Barbados 15 3 Poland 80 66 Turkey 15 55 Italy 179 37 Portugal 77 75 United Kingdom 209 7
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 233 Children who are not Children who U.S. citizens, or who have do not speak English Children not at least 1 parent in the home exclusively or very well U.S.
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Children who do not speak English at home (percent) Canada 263 11 South Africa 15 12 Netherlands 38 13 1 ndia 175 63 Philippines 399 35 I relend 44 5 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generation combined.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 235 Children who are not Children who U.S. citizens, or who have do not speak English Children not at least 1 parent in the home exclusively or very well U.S.
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AllFirst-GenerationChildren2,084 33 47 24 All Second-Generation Children6,288 19 29 33 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 11 17 42 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 40 51 25 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 10 14 38 American Indian562 38 51 24 Hispanic3,489 31 42 31 First- and Second-Generation Children by Country of Origin: Laos - 1st Generation49 51 64 16 Laos - 2nd Generation64 50 65 15 Cambodia- 1st Generation30 52 68 14 Cambodia - 2nd Generation34 41 57 23 Dominican Republic 1st Generation48 41 57 21 Dominican Republic 2nd Generation131 42 54 25 USSR -1st Generation38 51 60 17 USSR - 2nd Generation24 11 14 32 Mexico -1st Generation643 44 63 14 Mexico - 2nd Generation1,975 32 49 24 Thailand -1st Generation36 59 73 12 Thailand - 2nd Generation33 5 10 46 Vietnam - 1 st Generation99 42 54 23 Vietnam - 2nd Generation33 23 32 35 Guatemala - 1st Generation35 36 54 19 Guatemala - 2nd Generation66 27 42 27
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 237 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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(percent) Honduras -1st Generation 17 37 59 19 Honduras - 2nd Generation 35 25 40 29 El Salvador -1st Generation 77 32 50 21 El Salvador - 2nd Generation 126 25 41 29 Nicaragua - 1 st Generation 39 36 55 20 Nicaragua - 2nd Generation 35 18 29 37 Haiti -1st Generation 28 30 49 25 Haiti - 2nd Generation 77 24 36 32 Jordan -1st Generation 2 47 54 26 Jordan - 2nd Generation 17 22 33 31 Belize - 1 st Gen.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 239 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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240 TABLE B-2A (Continuecl) APPENDIX B Children Children Chiidrenin Number of in official in relative middle-class children poverty poverty comfort (thousands)
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 241 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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(percent) Hong Kong -1st Generation17 26 35 31 Hong Kong - 2nd Generation39 3 8 35 Chile - 1 st Generation5 19 28 33 Chile - 2nd Generation17 8 15 38 Australia -1st Generation3 13 17 27 Australia - 2nd Generation14 10 16 33 Austria -1st Generation1 33 42 30 Austria - 2nd Generation20 7 12 42 France - 1 st Generation7 11 14 30 France - 2nd Generation34 8 13 35 Hungary -1st Generation3 17 20 33 Hungary - 2nd Generation22 8 13 35 Egypt -1st Generation5 20 29 42 Egypt - 2nd Generation25 7 12 35 Germany - 1 st Generation16 25 32 31 Germany - 2nd Generation243 7 12 41 Greece -1st Generation3 16 24 44 Greece - 2nd Generation65 8 15 42 Japan - 1st Generation32 11 13 26 Japan - 2nd Generation68 6 11 41 Barbados -1st Generation3 6 25 36 Barbados - 2nd Generation11 8 14 51 Poland -1st Generation18 14 22 42 Poland - 2nd Generation62 5 9 45 Turkey - 1st Generation3 11 23 20 Turkey - 2nd Generation12 6 11 35 Italy -1st Generation8 14 20 36 Italy - 2nd Generation171 6 11 45 Portugal - 1st Generation14 11 17 50 Portugal - 2nd Generation64 5 10 51 United Kingdom -1st Generation31 10 13 31 United Kingdom - 2nd Generation178 5 9 39
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 243 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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(percent) Canada -1st Generation 33 Canada - 2nd Generation 230 South Africa -1st Generation South Africa - 2nd Generation Netherlands - 1 st Generation Netherlands - 2nd Generation I ndia - 1 st Generation India - 2nd Generation Philippines -1st Generation Philippines - 2nd Generation Ireland -1st Generation Ireland - 2nd Generation 6 5 7 10 2 36 45 130 83 316 9 14 31 11 11 40 23 6 9 27 14 19 24 5 11 10 17 40 39 6 33 9 15 48 4 8 44 4 12 14 40 4 7 38 42 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generations combined.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 245 Children Children whose whose fathers mothers Children Children have less have less Children who live in very Children in than a than a with 5 linguistically well-off one-parent high school high school or more isolated financially families education education siblings households (percent) (percent)
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All First-Generation Children2,084 All Second-Generation Children6,288 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 American Indian562 Hispanic3,489 First- and Second-Generation Children by Country of Origin: 17 30 4 14 17 Laos -1st Generation49 18 Laos - 2nd Generation64 17 Cambodia -1st Generation30 32 Cambodia - 2nd Generation34 27 Dominican Republic-1stGeneration48 60 Dominican Republic - 2nd Generation131 51 USSR -1st Generation38 32 USSR - 2nd Generation24 8 Mexico - 1 st Generation643 15 Mexico - 2nd Generation1,975 8 Thailand -1st Generation36 27 Thailand - 2nd Generation33 2 Vietnam - 1 st Generation99 18 Vietnam - 2nd Generation33 10 Guatemala -1st Generation35 20 Guatemala - 2nd Generation66 17 Honduras -1st Generation17 26 Honduras - 2nd Generation35 21 El Salvador -1st Generation77 16 El Salvador - 2nd Generation126 15 Nicaragua - 1 st Generation39 17 Nicaragua - 2nd Generation35 8
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 247 Children with no Children living in Children in telephone in their homes houses built before 1950 crowded homes (percent) (percent)
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From page 248... ...
3 33 Belize - 2nd Gen. 12 16 Iraq -1st Generation 4 10 Iraq - 2nd Generation 17 3 Ecuador- 1st Generation 12 34 Ecuador- 2nd Generation 52 22 Venezuela - 1 st Generation 8 11 Venezuela - 2nd Generation 15 4 Israel - 1st Generation 13 11 Israel - 2nd Generation 46 13 Trinidad and Tobago -1st Generation 12 40 Trinidad and Tobago - 2nd Generation 41 25 Colombia -1st Generation 29 17 Colombia - 2nd Generation 88 11 Pakistan - 1st Generation 11 10 Pakistan - 2nd Generation 28 6 Costa Rica -1st Generation 4 18 Costa Rica - 2nd Generation 19 13 Panama -1st Generation 6 25 Panama - 2nd Generation 33 15 Brazil -1st Generation 9 10 Brazil - 2nd Generation 21 6 Romania - 1st Generation 11 10 Romania - 2nd Generation 15 7 Spain -1st Generation 6 10 Spain - 2nd Generation 22 7 Lebanon -1st Generation 8 9 Lebanon - 2nd Generation 28 3 Jamaica - 1 st Generation 40 29 Jamaica - 2nd Generation 92 19 Guyana -1st Generation 18 42 Guyana - 2nd Generation 28 23 Nigeria -1st Generation 5 19 Nigeria - 2nd Generation 29 9
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 249 Children with no Children living in Children in telephone in their homes houses built before 1950 crowded homes (percent) (percent)
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Children in households with no car or truck (percent) China -1st Generation34 36 China - 2nd Generation97 12 Indonesia -1st Generation4 11 Indonesia - 2nd Generation13 2 Iran -1st Generation24 8 Iran - 2nd Generation52 3 Cuba -1st Generation27 12 Cuba - 2nd Generation184 6 Peru - 1st Generation18 13 Peru - 2nd Generation43 10 Korea - 1 st Generation67 5 Korea - 2nd Generation163 2 Syria -1st Generation2 6 Syria - 2nd Generation13 2 Taiwan - 1 st Generation32 4 Taiwan - 2nd Generation65 2 Argentina- 1st Generation10 6 Argentina - 2nd Generation26 6 Yugoslavia -1st Generation5 13 Yugoslavia - 2nd Generation39 5 Hong Kong - 1st Generation17 19 Hong Kong - 2nd Generation39 5 Chile - 1 st Generation5 8 Chile - 2nd Generation17 5 Australia -1st Generation3 6 Australia - 2nd Generation14 5 Austria -1st Generation1 20 Austria - 2nd Generation20 4 France - 1 st Generation7 5 France - 2nd Generation34 5 Hungary -1st Generation3 16 Hungary - 2nd Generation22 7 Egypt -1st Generation5 7 Egypt - 2nd Generation25 3 Germany - 1 st Generation16 5 Germany - 2nd Generation243 3
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Children in crowded homes (percent) 41 30 11 17 13 12 18 17 26 27 15 12 25 19 13 10 15 22 39 30 33 23 27 19 17 24 29 27 21 30 27 25 24 24 19 22 59 32 53 21 38 14 48 25 53 29 49 27 42 19 34 19 35 20 38 14 57 24 37 26 9 35 10 11 11 33 12 35 17 17 7 continued on next page
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Children in households with no car or truck (percent) Greece -1st Generation3 7 Greece - 2nd Generation65 3 Japan -1st Generation32 2 Japan - 2nd Generation68 3 Barbados -1st Generation3 38 Barbados - 2nd Generation11 26 Poland -1st Generation18 9 Poland - 2nd Generation62 4 Turkey -1st Generation3 6 Turkey - 2nd Generation12 4 Italy -1st Generation8 13 Italy - 2nd Generation171 3 Portugal -1st Generation14 9 Portugal - 2nd Generation64 3 United Kingdom -1st Generation31 5 United Kingdom - 2ndGeneration178 3 Canada -1st Generation33 3 Canada - 2nd Generation230 2 South Africa -1st Generation5 2 South Africa - 2nd Generation10 5 Netherlands - 1 st Generation2 7 Netherlands - 2nd Generation36 1 India -1st Generation45 11 India - 2nd Generation130 3 Philippines -1st Generation83 5 Philippines - 2nd Generation316 2 Ireland -1st Generation4 7 Ireland - 2nd Generation40 4 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generations combined.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 253 Children with no Children living in Children in telephone in their homes houses built before 1950 crowded homes (percent) (percent)
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All First-Generation Children 2,084 12 41 45 All Second-Generation Children 6,288 6 28 41 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 4 19 34 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 11 34 33 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 4 18 29 American Indian562 14 46 40 Hispanic3,489 8 30 43 First- and Second-Generation Children by Country of Origin: Laos - 1st Generation Laos - 2nd Generation Cambodia -1st Generation Cambodia - 2nd Generation Dominican Republic 1 st Generation Dominican Republic 2nd Generation USSR -1st Generation USSR - 2nd Generation Mexico - 1 st Generation Mexico - 2nd Generation Thailand -1st Generation Thailand - 2nd Generation Vietnam - 1 st Generation Vietnam - 2nd Generation Guatemala - 1st Generation Guatemala - 2nd Generation Honduras -1st Generation Honduras - 2nd Generation 49 64 30 34 48 131 38 24 643 1,975 36 33 99 33 35 66 17 35 51 46 51 34 12 10 31 58 30 11 10 68 68 69 53 40 38 75 21 43 37 73 21 57 33 32 31 42 35 64 67 70 62 45 54 53 34 50 50 74 32 52 42 36 44 38 43
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Children with mothers not in the labor force (percent) El Salvador -1st Generation El Salvador - 2nd Generation Nicaragua - 1 st Generation Nicaragua - 2nd Generation Haiti - 1 st Generation Haiti - 2nd Generation Jordan -1st Generation Jordan - 2nd Generation Belize - 1 st Gen.
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Children with mothers not in the labor force (percent) Lebanon -1st Generation8 12 40 63 Lebanon - 2nd Generation28 8 24 60 Jamaica - 1 st Generation40 5 32 12 Jamaica - 2nd Generation92 6 28 19 Guyana -1st Generation18 4 30 24 Guyana - 2nd Generation28 6 27 27 Nigeria -1st Generation5 7 51 30 Nigeria - 2nd Generation29 6 36 25 China -1st Generation34 9 41 27 China - 2nd Generation97 4 22 32 Indonesia -1st Generation4 34 63 59 Indonesia - 2nd Generation13 4 20 35 Iran -1st Generation24 17 45 50 Iran - 2nd Generation52 5 21 44 Cuba -1st Generation27 7 37 37 Cuba - 2nd Generation184 4 20 34 Peru -1st Generation18 4 34 31 Peru - 2nd Generation43 4 25 36 Korea - 1 st Generation67 9 38 37 Korea - 2nd Generation163 5 22 39 Syria -1st Generation2 13 51 62 Syria - 2nd Generation13 7 29 57 Taiwan - 1 st Generation32 13 36 43 Taiwan - 2nd Generation65 4 18 39 Argentina- 1st Generation10 6 28 41 Argentina - 2nd Generation26 2 19 45 Yugoslavia -1st Generation5 4 32 42 Yugoslavia - 2nd Generation39 6 26 42 Hong Kong -1st Generation17 13 41 33 Hong Kong - 2nd Generation39 3 13 30 Chile - 1 st Generation5 4 28 42 Chile - 2nd Generation17 3 16 36 Australia -1st Generation3 7 17 74 Australia - 2nd Generation14 3 16 43 Austria - 1st Generation1 11 32 64 Austria - 2nd Generation20 4 18 33
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Children with mothers not in the labor force (percent) France - 1 st Generation7 4 18 57 France - 2nd Generation34 3 20 40 Hungary -1st Generation3 5 26 46 Hungary - 2nd Generation22 5 19 40 Egypt -1st Generation5 7 32 42 Egypt - 2nd Generation25 3 22 43 Germany - 1 st Generation16 6 22 52 Germany - 2nd Generation243 3 18 36 Greece -1st Generation3 7 35 51 Greece - 2nd Generation65 6 26 46 Japan -1st Generation32 5 22 90 Japan - 2nd Generation68 3 19 43 Barbados -1st Generation3 1 28 14 Barbados - 2nd Generation11 6 22 22 Poland -1st Generation18 4 26 31 Poland - 2nd Generation62 4 19 35 Turkey - 1st Generation3 11 23 52 Turkey - 2nd Generation12 2 20 47 Italy -1st Generation8 6 30 55 Italy - 2nd Generation171 5 21 47 Portugal -1st Generation14 5 37 31 Portugal - 2nd Generation64 6 25 28 United Kingdom 1st Generation31 3 15 51 United Kingdom 2nd Generation178 3 17 36 Canada - 1st Generation33 4 19 46 Canada - 2nd Generation230 3 18 37 South Africa -1st Generation5 6 19 50 South Africa - 2nd Generation10 2 15 46 Netherlands - 1 st Generation2 3 16 48 Netherlands - 2nd Generation36 2 14 39 India -1st Generation45 4 27 31 India - 2nd Generation130 2 16 37 continued on next page
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(percent) Philippines -1st Generation 83 7 29 18 Philippines - 2nd Generation 316 5 20 18 Ireland -1st Generation 4 5 29 56 Ireland - 2nd Generation 40 4 17 41 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generations combined.
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(percent) All First-Generation Children 2,084 34 38 23 14 All Second-Generation Children 6,288 23 22 25 17 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic 40,201 3 2 28 20 Black, Non-Hispanic 8,031 6 4 12 9 Asian, Non-Hispanic 329 1 1 40 31 American Indian 562 8 6 9 7 Hispanic 3,489 9 10 12 7 First- and Second-Generation Children by Country of Origin: Laos -1st Generation 49 48 66 Laos - 2nd Generation 64 36 56 Cambodia -1st Generation 30 51 68 Cambodia - 2nd Generation Dominican Republic 1st Generation Dominican Republic 2nd Generation USSR -1st Generation USSR - 2nd Generation Mexico - 1 st Generation Mexico - 2nd Generation Thailand - 1st Generation Thailand - 2nd Generation 64 30 34 48 131 38 24 643 1,975 36 33 36 51 35 42 22 11 67 51 50 53 43 25 8 4 3 69 48 68 21 10 36 32 49 41 2 3 4 39 21 continued on next page
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years of college education (percent) Vietnam - 1 st Generation 99 32 44 11 5 Vietnam - 2nd Generation 33 14 23 22 9 Guatemala -1st Generation 35 45 52 7 3 Guatemala - 2nd Generation 66 30 32 10 6 Honduras -1st Generation 17 33 36 13 6 Honduras - 2nd Generation 35 19 19 13 8 El Salvador -1st Generation 77 47 51 5 3 El Salvador - 2nd Generation 126 33 35 7 4 Nicaragua - 1 st Generation 39 22 23 23 11 Nicaragua - 2nd Generation 35 11 12 19 11 Haiti - 1st Generation 28 19 23 7 4 Haiti - 2nd Generation 77 13 15 17 12 Jordan - 1st Generation 2 14 17 31 11 Jordan - 2nd Generation 17 11 11 29 11 Belize -1st Den.
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Costa Rica -1st Generation4 16 21 18 10 Costa Rica - 2nd Generation19 10 10 20 13 Panama -1st Generation6 2 8 24 10 Panama - 2nd Generation33 2 3 26 18 Brazil - 1st Generation9 11 13 44 31 Brazil - 2nd Generation21 9 9 38 28 Romania - 1st Generation11 13 18 34 28 Romania - 2nd Generation15 7 5 42 34 Spain -1st Generation6 30 28 28 15 Spain - 2nd Generation22 8 8 30 19 Lebanon - 1st Generation8 28 23 18 11 Lebanon - 2nd Generation28 10 9 40 24 Jamaica - 1 st Generation40 12 8 14 9 Jamaica - 2nd Generation92 7 4 21 18 Guyana -1st Generation18 12 13 14 4 Guyana - 2nd Generation28 3 5 27 16 Nigeria -1st Generation5 0 4 77 41 Nigeria - 2nd Generation29 0 1 80 46 China -1st Generation34 30 35 28 17 China - 2nd Generation97 13 15 43 32 Indonesia -1st Generation4 9 16 56 27 Indonesia - 2nd Generation13 1 1 53 36 Iran -1st Generation24 4 7 60 29 Iran - 2nd Generation52 1 1 71 43 Cuba - 1st Generation27 30 29 11 9 Cuba - 2nd Generation184 10 7 26 17 Peru -1st Generation18 6 8 26 14 Peru - 2nd Generation43 5 5 30 19 Korea - 1 st Generation67 5 8 46 31 Korea - 2nd Generation163 1 7 42 27 Syria - 1st Generation2 16 21 27 14 Syria - 2nd Generation13 9 9 44 20 continued on next page
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Children whose fathers have four Children whose mothers have four or more or more years of college education (percent) years of college education (percent)
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Italy -1st Generation8 33 34 24 16 Italy - 2nd Generation171 19 15 19 14 Portugal -1st Generation14 68 65 3 3 Portugal - 2nd Generation64 38 34 8 5 United Kingdom 1st Generation31 1 3 56 27 United Kingdom 2nd Generation178 1 1 41 26 Canada -1st Generation33 4 3 58 31 Canada - 2nd Generation230 3 2 38 26 South Africa -1st Generation5 1 1 63 35 South Africa - 2nd Generation10 0 1 70 42 Netherlands - 1 st Generation2 0 3 60 34 Netherlands - 2nd Generation36 2 1 40 26 India -1st Generation45 4 9 62 46 India - 2nd Generation130 1 2 80 63 Philippines -1st Generation83 7 9 46 52 Philippines - 2nd Generation316 3 6 37 45 Ireland -1st Generation4 12 7 36 13 Ireland - 2nd Generation40 4 2 31 20 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generations combined. Source: Hernandez and Darke (1998~.
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All First-Generation Children 2,084 87 All Second-Generation Children 6,288 58 Third and Later Generations by Race and Ethnicity: White, Non-Hispanic40,201 Black, Non-Hispanic8,031 Asian, Non-Hispanic329 American Indian562 Hispanic3,489 15 First- and Second-Generation Children by Country of Origin: Laos -1st Generation49 97 Laos - 2nd Generation64 95 Cambodia -1st Generation30 97 Cambodia - 2nd Generation34 87 Dominican Republic - 1 st Generation48 97 Dominican Republic - 2nd Generation131 91 USSR -1st Generation38 96 USSR - 2nd Generation24 57 Mexico - 1 st Generation643 97 Mexico - 2nd Generation1,975 88 Thailand -1st Generation36 95 Thailand - 2nd Generation33 32 Vietnam - 1 st Generation99 97 Vietnam - 2nd Generation33 76 Guatemala -1st Generation35 98 Guatemala - 2nd Generation66 83 Honduras -1st Generation17 93 Honduras - 2nd Generation35 69 El Salvador - 1 st Generation77 98 El Salvador- 2nd Generation126 90 Nicaragua - 1 st Generation39 97 Nicaragua - 2nd Generation35 75
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 265 Children who are not Children who U.S. citizens, or who have do not speak English Children not at least 1 parent in the home exclusively or very well U.S.
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Children who do not speak English at home (percent) Haiti -1st Generation 28 91 Haiti - 2nd Generation 77 67 Jordan -1st Generation 2 98 Jordan - 2nd Generation 17 55 Belize - 1 st Gen.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 267 Children who are not Children who U.S. citizens, or who have do not speak English Children not at least 1 parent in the home exclusively or very well U.S.
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Children who do not speak English at home (percent) Nigeria - 1st Generation5 59 Nigeria - 2nd Generation29 15 China - 1st Generation34 97 China - 2nd Generation97 74 Indonesia - 1st Generation4 88 Indonesia - 2nd Generation13 20 Iran - 1st Generation24 93 Iran - 2nd Generation52 49 Cuba - 1st Generation27 98 Cuba - 2nd Generation184 77 Peru - 1st Generation18 98 Peru - 2nd Generation43 69 Korea - 1 st Generation67 92 Korea - 2nd Generation163 50 Syria - 1st Generation2 93 Syria - 2nd Generation13 52 Taiwan - 1 st Generation32 96 Taiwan - 2nd Generation65 68 Argentina- 1st Generation10 96 Argentina - 2nd Generation26 55 Yugoslavia - 1st Generation5 94 Yugoslavia - 2nd Generation39 57 Hong Kong - 1st Generation17 97 Hong Kong - 2nd Generation39 66 Chile - 1 st Generation5 94 Chile - 2nd Generation17 66 Australia - 1st Generation3 27 Australia - 2nd Generation14 8 Austria - 1st Generation1 84 Austria - 2nd Generation20 22 France - 1 st Generation7 91 France - 2nd Generation34 35 Hungary - 1st Generation3 99 Hungary - 2nd Generation22 35 Egypt - 1st Generation5 88 Egypt - 2nd Generation25 48
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 269 Children who are not Children who U.S. citizens, or who have do not speak English Children not at least 1 parent in the home exclusively or very well U.S.
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Children who do not speak English at home (percent) Germany - 1 st Generation16 69 Germany - 2nd Generation243 14 Greece -1st Generation3 87 Greece - 2nd Generation65 69 Japan -1st Generation32 94 Japan - 2nd Generation68 34 Barbados -1st Generation3 7 Barbados - 2nd Generation11 2 Poland -1st Generation18 96 Poland - 2nd Generation62 55 Turkey -1st Generation3 87 Turkey - 2nd Generation12 45 Italy -1st Generation8 85 Italy - 2nd Generation171 35 Portugal -1st Generation14 96 Portugal - 2nd Generation64 69 United Kingdom -1st Generation31 19 United Kingdom - 2nd Generation178 5 Canada -1st Generation33 30 Canada - 2nd Generation230 7 South Africa -1st Generation5 18 South Africa - 2nd Generation10 7 Netherlands - 1 st Generation2 77 Netherlands - 2nd Generation36 9 India -1st Generation45 84 India - 2nd Generation130 53 Philippines -1st Generation83 75 Philippines - 2nd Generation316 21 Ireland -1st Generation4 17 Ireland - 2nd Generation40 4 NOTE: Countries are listed from highest to lowest official poverty rate for first and second generations combined.
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SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS 271 Children who are not Children who U.S. citizens, or who have do not speak English Children not at least 1 parent in the home exclusively or very well U.S.
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Key Terms
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