Bus Operator Workstation Evaluation and Design Guidelines Final Report (1997) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 443-530
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I. Ergonomic Design Process of Instrument Panel Layout F-1
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. Layout Optimization I - SLP method i I - Optional Assignment I Ergonomic Panel Suggestion - Panel Layout - Controls / Displays Specification F-2 Workspace Analysis Viewing Zone plenary - Secondary (Eye / Neck / Head Movement)
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II. Controls / Displays Analysis F-3
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F-11: Controls / Displays Analysis Ilk. Hierarchy of Transit Bus Controls / Displays Fat
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Hi= ime Control _ Mirror Defroster _ Uses DriveYs Climate Control is_ Ventilation Control Front Step Heat Control Public Address System Radio Control Microphone Destination Sib Adjuster Horn Emergency F-5 No 1 2 4 5 _ 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 14 1 16 l 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 34 35 36 ,7 38 39 40 41
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Engine Coolant Temperature _ Engine Oil Pressure _ Transmission Oil Temperamre _ . _ Gauge Speedometer / Odometer _ Tachometer _ _ Electrical Charge Seat Belt Trar.~m~ssion Mode Tum Signal & Howard Warning Highbearn Door Unlock Stop Request Mobility Aid Stop Request papa Brake Kneel Wheelchair Lift Defrost _ Air Conditioner Fail l Low Engine Coolant 44 45 4 47 48 49 50 51 _1 52 5~ 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 rid 64 65 Engine Fire Low Transmission Oil Transmission Retarder Low Air Pressure Low Fuel _ i~Am_ _ _ Clock Fee 68 69 70 71 72 7~
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F-1I: Controls / Displays Analysis Il-2. Taxonomy of Controls / Displays F-7
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Sensor Key Alphanumeric Keys Toggie SMI _ Rocker SM/ Detent Lever Keylock Rotary Selector Knob _ Detent Thumbwheel J-Handle Rota~ Disk _ _ Sliding Handle _ Continuous Lever _ Joystick Pedal Continuous t |
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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Controls l l Adjustment Type Discrete Controls Control Movement Linear Controls Push-button Legend SMI Slide SM/ Push-Pull SM/ l Push-Pull Handle Code Hand Push-button Foot Push-buKon Page 1 of 7 F-9 Illustration DL1 DL2 DL3 DL4 \ DLS DL6 At&
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F-lI: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Controls 1 11 1 Adjustment Type Discrete Controls Control Movement Linear Swiveling Sensor Key Alphanumenc Keys Toggle SARI Rocker SARI Detent Lever Turning Controls Keylock Code DL7 DL8 DS1 DS2 DS3 DT1 Page 2 of 7 F-10 Illustration ~3i=' SGE(~G~ it,
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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Controls Adjustment Type Control Movement Controls Discrete Controls Turning Rotary Selector Knob Detent Thumbwheel Bar Knob Round Knob J-Handle i Rotary Disk Page 3 of 7 F-11 Code DT2 DT3 DT4 DT5 OT6 Illustration 0~4 ,~ \ (ooo~:
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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis ._ onomy Adjustment l Type , Continuous Controls Control Movement Linear Swiveling iContinuous Lever Joystick Pedal Pressure Joystick Page4 of 7 F-12 Controls Controls Sliding Handle Code CL1 Illustration I, |Displacement Lever Pressure Lever Displacement Joystick CS1 >,0 Is ~,_0 CS2 CS3 ~ '~: ~ 11// \'\\; G CS4 CS5
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F-Il: Controls / Display s Analysis Taxonomy of Controls Adjustment Type Continuous Controls Control Movement Turning Controls Continuous Knob Bar Knob _ Continuous Thumbwheel Handcrank Handwheel Round Knob Page 5 of 7 F-13 11 1 Code CT1 CT2 CT3 CT4 CTS Illustration ,7 .
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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Controls Adjustment Type Cursor Controls Control Movement Controls Touch Screen Light Pen Electronic Stylus Digitizing Tablet Mouse Trackball Page 6 of 7 F-14 Code RC1 RC2 Illustration in, _ ~ RC3 RC4 RCS RC6 id, if: , ,
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F-II: Controls / D~splay-s Analysis Taxonomy Adjustment Type Cursor Controls Control Movement Controls Joystick Cursor Keys Controis Displacement Joystick Code RC7 Pressure Joystick illustration RC8 RC9 1 1 1 1 11 - .1 Page7 of 7 F-15
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ED3 Electroluminescence (EL) Panel ED4 Plasma Display Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis Taxonomy of Displays Displays Code Illustration Mechanical Displays Moving Pointer 1~ Moving Scale Linear Dial Cultured Dial Circular Dial Linear Dial Curved Dial Circular Dial Page 1 of 2 F-17 MD1 MD2 MD3 MD4 MD5 MD6 . ·0 50 60 ~ 0~ ire I; 0 10 ID ~ TO /` Ad- TO go ~20 t_10 -}70 1~t |ncreose Oecreos.
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Electroluminescence (EL) Panel Plasma Display Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
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Curved Dial 1 [circular Dial Code I 1~11 ~1 ~1 =~IL ~11 I ~2r ~[ ~1 ~, ~11 Mug || | ED1 11 1 .' | ED2 11 1 ED3 11 ~1 ql EDS ED6 ED7 ICounter I , , Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) l |Flat-Panet CRT I l |Light-Emitting Diode (LED)
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(1981) view Horizons for Human Factors in Design, McGraw Hill Book Co.
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F-II: Controls / Displays Analysis II-3. Design Factors of Controls / Displays F-21
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Dimensions 4.1 Length x Width x Depth 4.2 Radius x Depth 5. Spacing 6.
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Orientation 12.1 Horizontal Plane 12.2 Vertical Transverse Plane 12.~ Vertical Lonain~dinal Plan 13. Surface 13.1 Shape 13.2 Texture 133 Material 14.
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Spacing 7. Scale 7.1 Scale Layout 7.1.1 Linear Dial 7.1.2 Curved Dial 7.1.3 Circular Dial Scale Range F-24
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Orientation 9.1 Horizontal Plane 9.2 Vertical Transverse Plane 9., Vertical Longitudinal Plane 10. Coding 1 0.1 Label 1 0.2 Symbol 1 0.~ Color 10.4 Size 1 0.5 Shape 1 0.6 Location 1 1.
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F-II: Conlmls / Display Analysis 13. Operating Cha=~er~tics 13 J Impotence 13.2 Frequency of Use 13.3 Sequence of Use 13.4 13.5 User Stereotype Functional Simil=~ F-26
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IO. Workspace Analysis F-27
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F-I1I: Wo~spacc Analysis III-le lraush Bus ~or~pace Segmen1ntion 1- -~0
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Vertical Position F2 Extreme Front CF - Center Front CB - Center Back F - Front Ins~ument Panel W- Wall above W~dshield P - Pillar S - Steering Wheel L - LeR C - Center R- Right S - Side F - Front C - Center B -Back F-29
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F-III: Workspace Analysis Ill-2. Viewing Zone Analysis F-30
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Note: Instrument panels win be located only within the shaded viewing zone area 2. Sagittal Viewing Zone Segmentation l I Eye Movement Range of Zone No ~Head Movement _ 1 Fixed ( 0° )
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x 1 761.5 ~0~ 562.622~2 i z 1165.0 45.9 3 Rotate eyellipse about centroid so x-a~s is 5.4 deg imp in plan view and 11.6 deg down in side view Accommodation Tool Reference Point SAE J1516 MAR9O Motor Vehicle Dnvem' Eye Locations SAE J941 JUN92 F-32
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SAE J941 Motor Vehicle Dnvers' Eye Locations (2) SAE J985 Vision Factors Considerations in Rear View Mirror Design F-33
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SAE 3941 Motor Melville Drivers' [:ye Locations (2) Saw J985 Vision Factors Considerations in Rear Vim Mirror Design F-34
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SAE J985 Vision Factors Considcranocs in Rear V~c~ for Dcs~gn F-35 J,s,b,l,ty Cone
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F-IlI: Workspace Anals sis III-3. Reach Zone Analysis F-36
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cm * Note: Controls wiB be located only within the shaded reach zone area F-37
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F-I1I: apace Analysis MINI-! Syntbes~ed`VarkspaceEvxlushon F-3S
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2. Rating Scale of Bus Workspace for Control Placement Rating Scale j Obstacle ~ Reach Zone None ~ Normal Reach Area None I Normal Reach Area 3 ~None ~ B':IowNormalReach Area _ Blocked Normal Reach Area Blocked ~ Above Normal Reach Area: ~ 1 F-39 Sagittal Viewing Zone [ -30°, 45 ]
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I FLB 14 FCE] OLC: _ RU RLB , RRF RRB In, E Note: O - Rating for Display Placement O - Rating for Control Placement ~0
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IV. Operating Requirements Survey Analysis F~1
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F-1V: Tackling Rcquimmcuts Sump Analyst IV-1. Transh Bus Operator Survey Analysis Result Fag
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis _ _ LO a: _ .
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F-1V: ~craUng Equipments Sup Analysis O ^ ~ ~ g~ go O ~ = ~ O 1~?
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Wiper Mirror Adjuster Mirror Defroster Air Conditioner Ventilating Fan Heater Control 44 45 47 48 49 50 51 57 59 73 Engine Coolant Temperature Engine Oil Pressure Brake Air Pressure Fuel Level Speedometer / Odometer Tachometer Electrical Charge Stop Request Parking Brake Indicator l Clock _ ~ Diagnostic Indicator Recommendation I Front or Center Front Part of LeR Instrument Panel Front or Center Front Part of LeR Instrument Panel l Len Part of LeR Insrument Panel Front or Center Front Part of Left Instrument Panel LeR Part of Floor ter and Center Front of Left Instrument Panel Left Part of Floor Front or Center Front Part of Left Instrument Panel Front or Center Front Part of LeR Instrument Panel . Front or Center Front Part of LeR Instrument Panel Left Front Part of Front Instrument Panel Right Back Part of Front Instrument Panel or Left Part of Right Instrument Panel Right Back Part of Front Instrument Panel _ Right Instrument Panel .
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F-1V: ~craling Rcquircmcms Sun<} Analysis In. Field Sump Sbe~ Format of Controb / Deploys F48
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F-IV: Operating Requiremc`~ts Surves Analysis Survey Sheet- Controls Investigator : Date : July , 1995 Control Name: Model No.: Functional Purpose I 1. Data Input 2.
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis Survey Sheet - Displays Investigator Control Narne Functional Purpose ~_. Display Type Code Placement Code .
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Sun es Analysis IV-3. Field Survey Analysis Result of Controls / Displays F-51
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F-lV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis 1F-52 .
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis o cat ce
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F-IV: Opc~ling Rcquircmcnls Sumac Analysis F-54 a= ~ .; ~ 8 E : ~ = ~ : ~ = - ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ : ~ ~ O .
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis .
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis d" z ~0 6 ._ Cat CD 3 & o CL ~ ~, 4, Cal .> 4., o Cat X V1 ~ O C to o .,, qJ _ ~ .
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F-IV: Operating Requirements Survey Analysis [V-4. Field Survey Result of Instrument Pane!
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F-IV: Operating Requirements S~r`'ey Analysis _ ~ 0 0 - .
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Layout Optimization ~ so
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F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization Vat. Design Criteria of Pane!
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5. Compliance with Standardization The panel layout should be consistent with standards designated by ISO (Intemational Standardization Organization)
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F-V: lus1mmcnt Pancl Layout Optind~ation V-~- Operating Cbaracterbbcs of Controls / Displays Fag
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F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization i.
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F-~: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization
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F-V: Inslrun~ent Panel Layout Optimization 1 _ 1 TO Q0 e l w ~ , Go ~ l O O ~ F~5
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Jc~S un~ =~s~ F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimizat~or F-66
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Instrument Panel Layout Optimization u L C L .e .
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F-V: lnstn~ment Panel Layout Optimization
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F-V ln~nlm~n1 Pant 1 filly Oplimiza[ion 1~ ~ 1~ =1~!
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F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization Lotus ) ~ ~ 1 ul~q~n Lutes moth ~ Itt=!
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F-\r: Instrument Pastel Layout Optimization Spa UOIS51tUSUUJ 1!
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F-V: Instn~n~ent Panel Layout Optimization ,,~",~ 0=UO~ QUIT It~ulU - lul - 1 c c o o ., .
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F-V: instrument Panel Lavout ODtimization .
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F-V: Instn~n~ent Panel Layout Optimization Jam -I c _ : a: 1 , , en.
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F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization c v _ c c c.
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F-V: l'~strument Panel Layout Optimization · · , -I I I i!
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F-V: Instn~ment Panel Layout Optimization
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F-V: lustrumcm PanclLayoulCpEmizadon V-3e Instrument Placement AlgorUbm Development F-78
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In order to optimally arrange the instruments in the limited panel area, operational characteristics of each instrument such as frequency-of-use, importance, functional similarity, sequence-of-use, user's stereotype, and standards are utilized in the panel layout design. Although these operational characteristics are effective to reflect their practical task requirements in the determination of instrument location.
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From page 522... ...
F-V: Instn~ment Paw Layout Optimization 2. Instrument Placement Algorithm Phase i: Overall Layout Step i: Combined Ranking of Frequency-of-Use and Importance - Relative Weight of Frequency : 0.65 - Relative Weight of Importance: 0.35 Step 2: Ranking of Workspace Zones Phase 2: Intermediate Layout Step I: Apply Results of Bus Operators' Stereotypes Step 2: Apply Recommen~lations Phase 3: Detail Layout Step I: Apply Results of Functional Similarity Relationship - High Similar Ins~nents: Grouping Together Step 2: Apply Results of Sequence-of-Use Relationship - Place Instruments Left-to-Right or Top-to-Bottom or - Workspace Ranking for Control Placement - Workspace Ranking for Display Placement Step 3: Control & Display Placement - Assignment High-Ranked Display / Control to lIigh-Ranked Workspace Zone for Display / Control Placement Center-to-Outside Location according to Sequential Relationship F-80
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F-V: Instrun~ent Panel Las out Optimization V-4. Optimized Instrument Pane!
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F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization ~ mew, , _ ~9 it, Dim ~~~ ''I 1~3 :3 i 9001 _ _O r L F-82 Hi ,~ i
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F-V: instrument Panel Layout Optimization 1 ~ cite Dow Hoers it' ~ Ln~ent ~1 2e~ ~o' D ~Cam \ \~ W/C Power Fc~ox \ I I 1 1~1 ~ ~-~ ;'I I ~ 1 ~ ~ -~ em.
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Lo Test F-V: Instrument Panel Layout Optimization _~S~ ,~, an 1 -r ~ No L1PH J ~ PSI k\\~5/ ~ / F~4 ;
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Fed: Instn~ment Panel Layout Optimization l l ~- I:!
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~V: lam ~1 ~ ~imi~don V-5- Design Specification of Controls / Displays F-86
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F-V: I~stn~ment Panel Las out Optimization
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From page 530... ...
instrument Panel Layout Optimization F-88 ~0 - - .
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