Technology Commercialization Russian Challenges, American Lessons (1998) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Legal Issues of Special Concern to Technology Commercialization
Legal Issues of Special Concern to Technology Commercialization
Pages 16-23
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 16... ...
Our foreign company is paid under our contracts, and we pay our employees by having the foreign company deposit money in each employees credit card account. Our company here in Russia gets just enough money to pay for the necessary expenses.
|
From page 17... ...
TAXATION In addition to illustrating the general environment in which Russian companies operate, the story related in the Introduction specifically highlights tax questions. There appears to be great disagreement among Russians themselves as to the actual tax burden faced by research institutes and technology start-up companies.
|
From page 18... ...
The Russian government does not appear to have efficient mechanisms to tax personal income, and therefore, gains little income from the job creation process that is so widely encouraged in the United States. The taxes and other financial burdens currently placed on institutes and start-ups in Russia is unclear.
|
From page 19... ...
The political and economic changes during the last 10 years may have severely damaged Russia's scientific establishment, but they have virtually destroyed significant portions of Russia's industrial production capabilities, particularly in the area of high-technology goods. We frequently heard that many production facilities operating during the Soviet period had become antiquated and unable to compete directly against the more modern facilities found in many other countries.
|
From page 20... ...
By contrast, American executives spend substantial amounts of time networking, marketing, visiting potential customers, and otherwise promoting their companies. Particularly in these early stages, as Russian companies emerge into the international marketplace, the leadership of the institutes and start-up companies must devote substantial time to visiting potential customers and seeking out new opportunities and applications.
|
From page 21... ...
Executives can be taught how to allocate resources efficiently, seek out market opportunities for their products or services, and write effective proposals. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Given the constant stream of controversies in the United States over the appropriate scope of intellectual property protection, the satisfaction of Russian specialists with current Russian intellectual property law was surprising.
|
From page 22... ...
As a result, the market for the products of institutes and start-up companies lie outside Russia. Well-developed foreign legal systems can provide Russians with intellectual property protections when they market internationally.
|
From page 23... ...
As noted above, many of the institutes that we visited consider current Russian intellectual property laws adequate, but they add that the Russian legal system as a whole cannot be used to effectively protect intellectual property rights. The challenge is to develop a legal system that is accessible to individuals and small private entities and that can be seen to operate at least honestly if not predictably.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.