Technology Commercialization Russian Challenges, American Lessons (1998) / Chapter Skim
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The Main Problem in Commercialization of Scientific Research Results
The Main Problem in Commercialization of Scientific Research Results
Pages 75-84
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From page 75... ...
In the USSR, research and engineering costs were covered by the state. However, because of shortages of money, even the best research results often could not be properly introduced into industry.
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From page 76... ...
A considerable portion of the profits is spent on scientific investigations of the radiopharmaceuticals, a search for new medically selective molecular carriers of radioactive isotopes, development of chemical synthesis and purification methods, medical testing of new preparations, licensing of industrial production
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From page 77... ...
~1998 Heart diagnostics methyl-pentadecanoic acid Substances for Oxabiphoric 1993 Skeleton diagnostics chemical kits DMSA 1994 Kidney diagnostics Bromezida 1995 Liver and gall bladder Tc-99m radio- diagnostics pharmaceuticals Tetraphosmin 1998 Hear diagnostics Sm-153 Oxabiphor complex 1998 Skeleton therapy Rc-186 Microspheres of 1998 Joints therapy Albumin W- 18 8 Re- 18 8 generator 1 9 9 8 Joints therapy and diagnostics of medicines, technology improvements, and limited research not directly connected with the f~eld of radiopharmaceuticals. Other results of investigations in the field of radiation chemistry are used to produce semi-industrial goods: high-quality polymer f~lters for filtering water, juices, beer, and alcoholic drinks; high-voltage electric insulators; latexes for washable wall papers; and foam polymer materials.
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From page 78... ...
If special funds existed to support engineering firms in the demonstration and testing of new or improved processes, similar arrangements could be widely used. In another attempt to commercialize its research results, the Karpov Institute constructed a fairly compact and automatically operating apparatus for production of hydrogen from natural gas, an apparatus convenient for users of both natural gas and hydrogen- such as electric power stations.
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From page 79... ...
Another approach to commercialization is the sale of research results that require additional investigation and testing to an independent engineering firm. The sale of semi-products allows buyers to offer much lower prices, to require exclusive rights on further refinements, and to stipulate strict conditions for future work.
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From page 80... ...
Bulgak suggested that Russia form an organization to work out, on the basis of international practice and experience, legal standards for contracts involving Russian research institute standards that would protect the rights of Russian scientists. Preparing and signing a contract in accordance with the recommendations mentioned above is much easier when the partner is a public organization, such as the National Science Foundation, the U.S.
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From page 81... ...
The experiences described above indicate that the main problem in commercialization of valuable scientific results is the severe shortage of capital at Russian research institutes and low investment activity in Russia. Other problems include a lack of qualified managers and experienced specialists in marketing technology, an absence of legal protection of technology, and inadequate laws regulating relations in intellectual property and patents.
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From page 82... ...
CONCLUSION The commercialization of scientific research results is a complex problem. Excellent and prospective scientific results, qualified and experienced personnel, good legislation, a favorable investment climate, and sufficient capital at research institutes are needed to solve the problem.
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From page 83... ...
Science and technology funds might be of great benefit in solving this important problem, even in the absence of experienced personnel or proper legislation. Creation of STFs by American partners, industrial and engineering companies, and entrepreneurs would be desirable, as would these groups' more active role in improving the overall investment climate in Russia.
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