Technology Commercialization Russian Challenges, American Lessons (1998) / Chapter Skim
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Commercializing University Technology
Commercializing University Technology
Pages 8-15
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From page 8... ...
The Bayh-Dole Act has served as a catalyst for the development of patenting and technology transfer as new university functions, for the emergence of a new discipline of professional university technology management, and for the encouragement of greatly expanded university interest in economic development. Before passage of the act, fewer than 250 patents were issued to U.S.
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From page 9... ...
Training activities and programs available to university technology transfer professionals are summarized. Finally, statistics reflecting the growth and sophistication of university involvement in technology commercialization are provided.
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From page 10... ...
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER WITHIN U.S. UNIVERSITIES With the passage of Bayh-Dole and the introduction of patenting and licensing functions within research universities, a new discipline university technology management emerged almost overnight.
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From page 11... ...
Recognizing the need to provide an incentive and reward structure for faculty to participate in the technology transfer process, many universities have included generous sharing formulae within their institutional patent policies. Typically institutions share 35 to 40 percent of royalties with inventors, and some share as much as 50 percent.
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From page 12... ...
As universities have become involved in the creation of start-up companies to commercialize their technologies, often resulting in the acquisition of stockholdings by the university and the inventors, these issues have become more important and complex. Universities that have developed good conflict-of-interest policies often find aggressive technology transfer initiatives easier to pursue because they know the ground rules for use of research results, university-owned facilities and equipment, and graduate students.
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From page 13... ...
, an organization of specialists involved in university technology transfer from more than 200 educational institutions in the United States and Canada. In addition, some business schools are beginning to offer training in university technology transfer management, but these programs are rather scarce and typically are not involved in outreach to or continuing education for practicing university technology managers.
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From page 14... ...
Patent Applications Filed Licenses arid Options Executed Licenses and Options Generating Royalties Gross Royalties Legal Fees Expended Total Sponsored Research Expenditures Research Expenditures, Federal Funds FY 1995 7,427 5,100 2,373 2,142 4,272 $274 million $60 million $17,212 billion $1 1,381 billion Cumulative % Change FY 1991-95 +29% +127% +53% +66% +72% +108% +82% +29% +23% The dramatic increase in U.S. technology transfer and business development since the advent of Bayh-Dole, particularly during the recent fiveyear period reported by the AUTM survey, reflects a process that is working well and that is meeting many university technology transfer and economic development objectives set by government and university officials.
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From page 15... ...
COMMERCIALIZING UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY 15 with its own organization and journal, to influence expanding activities in this sphere. Certain aspects of these experiences perhaps could be adapted to the legal, policy, and institutional framework within which Russian institutions must operate, thereby helping to influence positive outcomes for those interested in commercializing technology developed at research and educational institutions.
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